• Title/Summary/Keyword: thermal activation

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Thermal Excitations in Nb Josephson Junctions (Nb 조셉슨 접합의 열적 여기현상)

  • 김동호;황준석
    • Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Applied Superconductivity and Cryogenics Conference
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    • 2003.02a
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    • pp.75-77
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    • 2003
  • We have measured the escape rates of the Nb Josephson junction from its zero-voltage state. The critical current measurements were carried out in repeatedly sweeping the current-voltage characteristics of the junction with a current ramp. From the distribution of the critical current the escape temperature was determined by applying the thermal activation model.

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Photodecomposition Mechanism of 2-Methoxy-1,2-diphenyl Diazoethane

  • Seong, Dae Dong;Im, Gwi Taek;Kim, Min Sik;Park, Dong Gyu
    • Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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    • v.16 no.1
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    • pp.47-52
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    • 1995
  • The mechanism of the photodecomposition of 2-methoxy-1,2-diphenyl diazoethane has been investigated in methanol and isoprene using time-resolved laser flash photolysis techniques. The reaction of triplet carbene which is generated from 2-methoxy-1,2-diphenyl diazoethane with methanol is believed to proceed via thermal excitation to the singlet state. The activation energy and enthalpy are consistent with a mechanism involving thermal equilibrium between the triplet and singlet state followed by the reaction of the singlet with methanol to give ether.

Multi-phase Accelerating Test Method of Thermal Aging Considering Heat Generation of Electric Equipment (전기기기의 발열을 고려한 다단계 가속열노화 방법)

  • Lim, Byung-Ju;Park, Chang-Dae;Chung, Kyung-Yul
    • The KSFM Journal of Fluid Machinery
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    • v.16 no.5
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    • pp.18-23
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    • 2013
  • Thermal aging test is performed to qualify the life time of equipment in thermally aged condition. Due to long life time more than 10 years like as in power plant, the equipment is subjected to the accelerated thermal aging condition which is able to shorten the long aging test period by increasing aging temperature. Normally, conservatism of thermal aging test causes to impose unbalanced and excessive thermal load on components of the equipment, and deformation and damage problems of the components. Additionally, temperature rise of each component through heat generation of the electric equipment leads to long-term problem of the test period. Multi-phase accelerating aging test is to perform thermal aging test in multiple aging conditions after dividing into groups with various components of equipment. The groups might be classified considering various factors such as activation energy, temperature rise, glass transition temperature and melting temperature. In this study, we verify that the multi-phase accelerating aging test method can reduce and equalize the thermal over load of the components and shorten aging test time.

Thermal Analysis of Mg2Cu Hydride (Mg2 hydride의 열분석)

  • Han, Jeong-Seb
    • Transactions of the Korean hydrogen and new energy society
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    • v.2 no.1
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    • pp.1-6
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    • 1990
  • The desorption kinetics of $Mg_2Cu$ hydride were studied by thermal analysis technique in order to study desorption behavior and to relate thermal desorpton spectra to occuption site of hydrogen. It is suggested that a continuous ${\alpha}/{\beta}$ interface boundary is formed at the initial absorption stage. And the desorption kinetics were analysed by the theoretical equation which was derived on the basis of continous moving boundary model. The number of thermal desorption peak corresponds to the occupation sites of hydrogen. The apparent activation energy for the desorption of $Mg_2Cu$ hydride is 91 KJ/mol.

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Study on Productivity and Genotype Structure by Several Enzyme Loci of Silkworm(Bombyx mori L.) Parthenoclones Obtained by Thermal and Combined(Low-High Temperature) Method

  • Vasileva, Jolanda Bogdanova;Staykova, Teodora Atanasova;Tzenov, Panomir Ivanov
    • International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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    • v.18 no.2
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    • pp.131-134
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    • 2009
  • The purpose of this study was to establish whether there are differences in the productivity of the same silkworm(Bombyx mori L.) parthenoclones, obtained by two different methods-thermal and combined, as well as to study their genotype structure by several enzyme loci. It was established that all individuals of parthenoclones Joana, Joana(${\downarrow}{\uparrow}$), Pohi and Pohi(${\downarrow}{\uparrow}$), are homozygous by the studied esterase and phosphoglucomutase loci, which substantiated the clones' genetic stability. By comparative analysis of some biological and technological properties, it was found that parthenoclone Pohi(${\downarrow}{\uparrow}$) obtained by low-high temperature activation is characterized by higher values of these properties as compared to parthenoclone Pohi obtained by thermal parthenogenesis. Comparing the two methods of inducing ameiotic parthenogenetic development, we would recommend that parthenoclone Joana is sustained by thermal parthenogenesis, and parthenoclone Pohi-by the combined method (low-high temperature).

Thermal Properties and Water Sorption Behaviors of Epoxy and Bismaleimide Composites

  • Seo, Jong-Chul;Jang, Won-Bong;Han, Hak-Soo
    • Macromolecular Research
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    • v.15 no.1
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    • pp.10-16
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    • 2007
  • In this work, we prepared epoxy/BMI composites by using N,N'-bismaleimide-4,4'-diphenylmethane (BMI), epoxy resin (diglycidyl ether of bisphenol-A (DGEBA)), and 4,4'-diamino diphenyl methane (DDM). The thermal properties and water sorption behaviors of the epoxy and BMI composites were investigated. For the epoxy/BMI composites, the glass transition and decomposition temperatures both increased with increasing BMI addition, which indicates the effect of BMI addition on improved thermal stability. The water sorption behaviors were gravi-metrically measured as a function of humidity, temperature, and composition. The diffusion coefficient and water uptake decreased and the activation energy for water diffusion increased with increasing BMI content, indicating that the water sorption in epoxy resin, which causes reliability problems in electronic devices, can be diminished by BMI addition. The water sorption behaviors in the epoxy/BMI composites were interpreted in terms of their chemical and morphological structures.

Structural and Optical Properties of Self-assembled InAs Quantum Dots as a Function of Rapid Thermal Annealing Temperature (급속 열처리 온도에 따른 자발 형성된 InAs 양자점의 구조 및 광학 특성)

  • Cho, Shin-Ho
    • Korean Journal of Materials Research
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    • v.16 no.3
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    • pp.183-187
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    • 2006
  • We present the effects of rapid thermal annealing (RTA) temperature on the structural and optical properties of self-assembled InAs quantum dot (QD) structures grown on GaAs substrates by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). The photoluminescence (PL) measurements are performed in a closed-cycle refrigerator as a function of temperature for the unannealed and annealed samples. RTA at higher temperature results in the increase in island size, the corresponding decrease in the density of islands, and the redshift in the PL emission from the islands. The temperature dependence of the PL peak energy for the InAs QDs is well expressed by the Varshni equation. The thermal quenching activation energies for the samples unannealed and annealed at $600^{\circ}C$ are found to be $25{\pm}5meV$ and $47{\pm}5$ meV, respectively.

Thermal Decomposition Characteristics of Ethyl Methacrylate and Styrene Copolymer

  • Kwon, Jae Beom;Lee, Nae Woo;Kim, Nam Seok;Park, Keun Hok;Seul, Soo Duk
    • International Journal of Safety
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    • v.2 no.1
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    • pp.28-33
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    • 2003
  • Thermal decomposition characteristics of ethyl methacrylate (EMA) and Styrene (St.) copolymer was investigated with synthesis at 8$0^{\circ}C$ in a continuous stirred tank reacto (CSTR) using toluene and benzoyl peroxide(BPO) as solvent and initiator, respectively. The thermal decomposition was considered to be side scission at below 30$0^{\circ}C$ and estimated 2nd-order reaction kinetics of EMA/St. copolymer. The activation energies of decomposition on this copolymers were in the ranges of 38-43 kcal/mol for EMA/St. and a good additivity rule was observed in each composition. The thermogravimetric trace curves agreed well with the theoretical calculation.

A Study on Thermal Degradation of Acrylonitrile Butadiene Rubber (Acrylonitrile Butadiene Rubber의 열적 열화 특성)

  • Kim, Ki-Yup;Kang, Hyun-Koo;Lee, Chung;Ryu, Boo-Hyung
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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    • v.18 no.4
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    • pp.57-63
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    • 2003
  • Thermal degradation of Acrylonitrile butadiene rubber(NBR), which is used for O-ring material as elastomeric sealed diaphragm value in the nuclear power plants, is examined. The thermal degradation is accelerated at 130$^{\circ}C$ by Arrhenius exploit method using the activation energy calculated by thermogravimetric analysis. The weight loss temperature and glass transition temperature are verified for thermally aged NBR. The relationship between dynamic mechanical properties and elongation at break are also investigated. The threshold alue of thermally aged NBR is a ten year in the change of elongation at break.