• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.96-107
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• 2022

When setting the RAM objectives, various data such as expert opinions and the historical data of similar types of equipment are used. However, many times subjectivity is involved in the process of merging and utilizing data, and there are many cases where some information is omitted or an ambiguous method is used. Most of the previous work focused only on the process or method of calculating values using well-organized data rather than manipulating raw data. But if the data manipulation process is not objective, it is difficult to guarantee the accuracy of the results even if the calculation logic and method are accurate. This study proposes a systematic data merging process used to set the RAM objectives using the evidence theory. The proposed method can be used to avoid information loss and merge the data objectively. Moreover, contribute to improving the accuracy of setting the RAM objectives in the future.

• Asian Journal of Business Environment
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.17-25
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• 2019

Purpose - This study uses the 'Galapagos Effect' theory proposed by Japanese researchers to investigate if there is a basis for applying the theory to South Korea, specifically in the High-Tech Service area. Research Design, Data, and Methodology - The underlying characteristics of Japanese business environment that led to the Galapagos Effect are identified, and then Korea is investigated to see if these characteristics are also evident. The case studies of three South Korean companies are explored to see if they can be considered as examples of the Galapagos Effect Results - The findings illustrate that some evidence for the existence of the Galapagos Effect does exist in Korean companies, but more research is required to systemize the phenomenon. Conclusions - The study concludes that proactive measures at a Government and business level should be implemented to mitigate the effects of the Galapagos Effect in Korea. The existence of evidence suggests that there may be grounds for more comprehensive studies in order to try and make a generalization. In addition, more study needs to be done to establish exactly which kinds of high-tech service companies are most likely to hit barriers due to the Galapagos Effect as it is not clear from the existing evidence.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.1163-1169
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• 2021

This study aims to obtain empirical evidence regarding the effect of the fraud pentagon theory on financial statement fraud. The novelty of this study is the use of factor analysis to consolidate the five elements of the fraud pentagon into just one factor, which, to the knowledge of the researcher, no one else has done to research the effect of pentagon fraud on financial statement fraud. This study uses both agency theory and fraud pentagon theory. The population of this study consists of state-owned companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The research period in this study is from 2014 to 2019. The data used in this study is secondary data obtained from the company's annual financial statements. A purposive sampling technique was used to determine the research sample. The selected companies total 20. Factor analysis and simple linear regression analysis method were used as research the methods. Based on the research results, it was found that the fraud pentagon theory had a positive effect on the financial statement fraud of state-owned companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. High level of the pentagon fraud on a company leads to a higher indication of financial statement fraud.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems Conference
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• 1998.06a
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• pp.713-718
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• 1998

The paper is part of an investigation by the authors on development of a knowledge based frame work for multimodal medical image in collaboration with the All India Institute of Medical Science, new Delhi. After presenting the key aspects of the Dempster-Shafer Evidence theory we have presented implementation of registration and fusion of T₁and T₂ weighted MR images and CT images of the brain of an Alzheimer's patient for minimising the uncertainty and increasing the reliability for dianostics and therapeutic planning.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.55-63
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• 2022

Objectives This review was conducted to evaluate effectiveness and safety of extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) with meridian and acupoint theory for adhesive capsulitis. Methods By December 2021, 11 electronic databases were reviewed with the key words 'extracorporeal shock wave' and '(acupuncture OR acupoint OR meridian)'. This key words was set up to increase the sensitivity of the search. After the search, adhesive capsulitis study was selected based on the title and abstract and then included after full-texts were read. Results Five randomized controlled trials were eligible in our inclusion criteria. The meta-analysis of 3 studies showed positive results for the using ESWT with meridian and acupoint theory for adhesive capsulitis compared with the control group on efficancy rate and range of shoulder flexion. Conclusions Some studies showed ESWT with meridian and acupoint theory were statistically effective to adhesive capsulitis. But the evidence is limited due to the defective design of the included randomized controlled trials (RCTs). So use of ESWT with meridian and acupoint theory for adhesive capsulitis has limited evidence. More well-designed RCTs are required to provide clearer evidence for this claim.

• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.167-177
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• 2006

An important role of statistical analysis in science is interpreting observed data as evidence, that is 'what do the data say?'. Although standard statistical methods (hypothesis testing, estimation, confidence intervals) are routinely used for this purpose, the theory behind those methods contains no defined concept of evidence and no answer to the basic question 'when is it correct to say that a given body of data represent evidence supporting one statistical hypothesis against another?' (Royall, 1997). In this article, we use likelihood ratios to measure evidence provided by record values in favor of a hypothesis and against an alternative. This hypothesis is concerned on mean of an exponential model and prediction of future record values.

• 한국해양학회지
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.68-70
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• 1969

Tehoretical calculations of the sound velocity and Van der Waal's force in liquids according to significant structure theory are carried out. The excellent agreements between theory and experiment provide another piece of evidence for its general paalicability of the model. The technique to evaluate those properties may be useful to understand the some properties and structures of sea water.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.258-265
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• 2017

At the early stage of the development of high speed propulsion systems, the designers suffer from the lack of both the quantity and the quality of test data. In that situation, the associated uncertainties could not be modeled as probabilistic distribution since probabilistic modelling requires large amount of data. In this paper, instead, the information provided by experts based on their experience and engineering knowledge was used to model uncertainty using the evidence theory. In designing the DCR(Dual Combustion Ramjet) engine, the combustion efficiencies, not well understood and little data existing, are assumed to have been provided by experts. And the uncertainties are quantified by Evidence theory. The quantified uncertainties are incorporated into the optimization. The design variables, area of inlet and area of combustor exit, have been found while satisfying reliability margins of thrust and thermal choking. The results show a reasonable design of the engine under the uncertain circumstances.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.70-92
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• 2014

Objectives: Due to advance of science and IT technology, high tech imaging equipment like ultrasonography, CT, MRI and PET scan is constantly being developed and progressed; use of these techniques is needed for Korean medicine. Methods: Historical study was undertaken on the evidence of using ultrasonography. Normal organs and various sorts of diseases were also observed by ultrasonography. Results: Korean medicine judges disease of internal organs and condition of health by symptoms of functional disease and organic disease based on anatomical theory. Ultrasonography based on anatomical theory is non-invasive and free from radiation exposure and can be performed directly from clinical practice in real-time. Ultrasonography can be a big help for securing the stability of the internal organs in inserting needles in the thorax and abdomen as well as diagnosing functional and organic diseases based on anatomical theory. Conclusion: We look forward to a great development of scientification and objectification of Korean medicine by using and researching imaging equipment based on anatomical theory as well as ultrasonography.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.215-229
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• 2023

Purpose - Based on the funding-horizon theory, this study aims to test the effects of cash needs and the persistence of external funding needs on firms' external financing. Design/methodology/approach - Financial data of Korean listed companies were collected from DataGuide. Immediate and near-term cash shortfalls are defined using the methodology of Haung and Ritter (2021). We estimate multinomial logit regressions for the financing choice. Findings - First, all three cash depletion variables used in our study increase the likelihood of external financing. Second, firms prefer to issue debt to meet immediate spending and equity to meet long-lived cash needs. Third, this effect is more pronounced for high R&D firms. Fourth, chaebol firms with internal capital markets defer raising external capital for immediate and near-term cash needs. Research implications or Originality - This paper provide empirical evidence that immediate and near-term cash needs induce external financing, and the persistence of cash needs affects the choice between debt and equity, the finding which is consistent with the funding-horizon theory of financing decisions. Being the first paper to test the funding-horizon theory using Korean data, this paper contributes to the literature on the capital structure of Korean firms.