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Biological Activity of Extracts from Cherry Sage (Salvia officinalis L.) (체리 세이지(Salvia officinalis L.) 추출물의 생리활성 탐색)

  • Cha, Woen-Seup;Ju, In-Sik;Yun, Dong-Hyuck;Chun, Sung-Sook;Kim, Jeung-Hoan;Cho, Young-Je
    • Journal of Life Science
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    • v.19 no.3
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    • pp.390-396
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    • 2009
  • In this study, extracts from S. officinalis were tested for antioxidative effects and inhibitory activities against $\alpha$-amylase, angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) and xanthine oxidase (XOase). The content of total phenolic compounds in water, 60% ethanol, 60% methanol and 60% acetone extracts were 36.2, 42.7, 40.3 and 39.6 mg/g, respectively. In 60% ethanol extracts, the EDA by DPPH free radical scavenging test of S. officinalis was $66.3{\pm}2.2%$ at $200{\mu}g/ml$. The inhibition rate of ABTS was $97.6{\pm}0.1%$, the antioxidant protection factor was $2.26{\pm}0.63$ PF, and TBARS was $0.62{\pm}0.05$ (${\times}100{\mu}M$ in the control and $0.29{\pm}0.02$ (${\times}100{\mu}M$). Also in 60% ethanol extracts of S. officinalis, the inhibitory activity against XOase was 78% and was not shown to be against ACE. According to the $12.6{\pm}0.14\;mm$ of clear zone formed, the inhibition rate against $\alpha$-Amylase was 7.6% at $200{\mu}g/ml$ of phenolics content. Antimicrobial activities of 60% ethanol extracts of S. officinalis against Helicobacter pylori exhibited an inhibition rate of $12.5{\sim}66.1%$ according to the $10{\sim}15\;mm$ of clear zone at $50{\sim}200{\mu}g/ml$. The results suggest that the 60% ethanol extracts from Salvia officinalis L. will be useful as natural antioxidants and functional food sources.

Optimization of extraction conditions of flavonoid compounds from Thyme (Thymus vulgaris Libiatae) (타임으로부터의 플라보노이드 화합물의 추출 조건 최적화)

  • Park, Yunjin;Lee, Jumi;In, Man-Jin;Chae, Hee Jeong
    • Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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    • v.63 no.1
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    • pp.111-116
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    • 2020
  • Total polyphenol contents, flavonoid contents, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging activities of ethanol extracts of 20 herbal plants (sage, turmeric, mace, bayleaf, fenugreek, oregano, blackpepper, whitepepper, clove, marjoram, cinnamon, coriander, basil, dillseed, mustard, cadamon, thyme, celery, rosemary, cumin) were analyzed for the screening of high flavonoid-containing plant resource. Thyme extract, showing the highest flavonoid content and a high degree of antioxidant activity, was selected as a bioactive cosmetic material. The total polyphenols and flavonoids contents of thyme extracts were measured as 6.90 mg chlorogenic acid equivalent (CAE)/100 g and 1.71 mg naringin equivalent (NE)/100 g, respectively, and DPPH radical scavenging activities was 90%. Among the tested organic solvents, hexane gave the highest extraction yield. Thus hexane was selected as the most suitable solvent for the extraction of thyme. Response surface method was used to obtain optimized extraction conditions for thyme: reaction temperature of 35.9 ℃, raw material to hexane ratio of 1.63:25 (w/v), and reaction time of 192 min. These predicted extraction conditions was validated by a total flavonoid extraction experiment showing a value equivalent to 96.3% of the predicted total flavonoid content. It is expected that the optimized solvent extraction conditions could be used for the production of flavonoid using thyme.

Biological Activity of Extracts from Garden Sage (Salvia officinalis L.) (가든 세이지(Salvia officinalis L.) 추출물의 생리활성 탐색)

  • Cho, Young-Je;Ju, In-Sik;Yun, Dong-Hyuck;Chun, Sung-Sook;An, Bong-Jeun;Kim, Jeung-Hoan;Kim, Myung-Uk
    • Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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    • v.51 no.6
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    • pp.296-301
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    • 2008
  • The extracts from Salvia officinalis were studied for antioxidative activities and inhibitory activities against angiotensin converting enzyme(ACE) and xanthine oxidase (XOase). Total phenolic compounds were found as 22.28, 26.3, 24.63, and 28.22 mg/g in the water, 60% ethanol, 60% methanol and 60% acetone extracts, respectively. The antioxidant activities of Salvia officinalis extracts were measured as $64.4{\pm}1.5%$ at $200\;{\mu}g/ml$ on EDA, inhibition rate on ABTS of $96.9{\pm}0.2%$, antioxidant protection factor of $2.30{\pm}0.16$ PF and TBARS was $0.6{\pm}0.05$ (${\times}100\;{\mu}M$) in the control and $0.28{\pm}0.02$ (${\times}100\;{\mu}M$) in 60% ethanol extracts. Inhibitory activities was the ACE of 75.50% and XOase 100% in 60% ethanol extracts. The 60% ethanol extracts from Salvia officinalis exhibited antimicrobial activities against Helicobacter pylori such as 13 mm of clear zone and inhibition rate of 63.4% with $200\;{\mu}g/ml$ of phenolics content. Rosemarinic acid was the most abundant phenolic compounds as analyzed by HPLC. The results suggest that the 60% ethanol extracts from Salvia officinalis L. will be useful as natural antioxidants and functional foods.

Studies on the Improvement of Herb Tea by Addition of Yucca (Yucca shidigera) (유카(Yucca shidigera) 첨가에 의한 허브차의 개선에 관한 연구)

  • Young Hee-Tae;Choi Hwa-Jung
    • The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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    • v.18 no.1
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    • pp.48-53
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    • 2005
  • Herbs and yucca(Yucca shidigera) are widely used a source of tea and otherwise such as botanical medicine, essential oil for perfumes, cosmetics, and food spices. This study was carried out to investigate the characteristics of herb tea prepared with lemon verbena, spearmint, apple mint, Korea mint, rosemary, pineapple sage, Chrysanthemum indicum, stevia, lavender, lemon balm cultivated in Korea and effects by addition of yucca. Approximate composition of yucca were as follows: moisture 5.88%, crude protein 5.46%, crude fat 0.69%, crude ash and 7.59%. pH of herb tea mixed yucca at 80℃ was decreased in lemon verbena, spearmint, apple mint, Korea mint, and rosemary in comparison herb tea alone, but soluble solids were similar in two tea. In the result of sensory test, herb tea and herb tea mixed Yucca were not difference with a few exceptions. pH of mentha(Korea mint) tea by addition of yucca was decreased according to increment amount of yucca. The sensory evaluation score of mentha tea by addition of yucca were increased when the tea was processed with 0.01∼0.04% yucca.

Fumigant Toxicity of Essentail Oils and Agricultural Materials against Moechotypa diphysis Pascoe (Coleoptera: Cerambycidae) (털두꺼비하늘소에 대한 식물정유와 농자재의 훈증독성)

  • Ahn, Hee-Geun;Noh, Doo-Jin;Yang, Jeong-Oh;Yoon, Chang-Mann;Kim, Gil-Hah
    • The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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    • v.12 no.3
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    • pp.302-306
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    • 2008
  • This study was performed to investigate the contact toxicity, fumigant toxicity, and synergistic effect using agricultural materials (AM) when mixed with selected essential oils against oak longicorn beetle, Moechotypa diphysis. Four kinds of AM, namely, chungkiller, ungsalta, jinap, purunjunsa showed 100% contact toxicity at one day after treatment. Subsequently, four AM was tested the fumigant toxicity during 24 hours. At concentration of 1 mL, jinap and chungkiller showed 100% mortality at 3 hr after treatment, prunjunsa and ungsalta showed 100% mortality at 6 hr after treatment. When applicate to the small vinyl bag (15 L), all AM (50 mL/15 L) was showed 100% mortality. Jinap showed the mortality 100% when mixed pennyroyal oil with the ratio of 5+1. It was higher than single treatment.

A Study on 3D Printed Tactile mathematics textbook for Visually Impaired Students (시각장애청소년을 위한 3D 프린팅 촉각수학교재 모델 개발 연구 - 함수 지도와 관련하여 -)

  • Lee, Sang-Gu;Park, Kyung-Eun;Ham, Yoon-Mee
    • Communications of Mathematical Education
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    • v.30 no.4
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    • pp.515-530
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    • 2016
  • Recently an extensive study of the mathematicians who have overcome the visually impaired and contribute to the academic in math was published. In the case of Korea, we can find there are mathematicians who have overcome physical disabilities such as cerebral palsy and polio. However there is no example of blind person who majored mathematics to become a mathematic's teacher or professor and have entered any mathematics related professions. This let us to study the reasons that caused difficulties to visually impaired students majoring in mathematics. We also suggest ways that may help blind students to have access to mathematics intuitively. In this study, we propose a tactile mathematics textbooks and teaching manuals utilizing 3D printing which the visually impaired students can touch and feel. We can supply such materials to visually impaired youth, special education teachers and parents in Korea. As a result, visually impaired students will be able to access mathematics easily and can build their confidence in mathematics. We hope that some blind students with mathematical talent do not hesitate to major mathematics and choose career in mathematical professions.

Development and Usage of Interactive Digital Linear Algebra Textbook (대화형 수학 디지털교과서 개발과 활용 사례 연구 - 선형대수학을 중심으로-)

  • Lee, Sang-Gu;Lee, Jae Hwa;Park, Kyung-Eun
    • Communications of Mathematical Education
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    • v.31 no.3
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    • pp.241-255
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    • 2017
  • The 4th industrial revolution is coming. In order to prepare for the new learning environment with it, we may need digital mathematics textbooks that fully utilize all possible technologies. So various attempts have been made in elementary and middle school mathematics education. However, despite the importance of higher mathematics, we haven't seen a best possible math digital textbooks yet in Korea. In this paper, we introduce our new model of interactive math digital textbook about Linear Algebra/ Calculus/ Differential Equations/ Statistics/ Engineering Math. Especially, this manuscript focuses on our experience of using digital contents and interactive labs for developing a new model for linear algebra digital textbook. We introduce our works on linear algebra digital textbooks which include pdf e-book, web contents, video clips of lectures, interactive lab. Using this linear algebra digital textbook, students can freely use any mobile devices to access diverse learning materials, lessons, and hands-on exercises without any limitations. Also, times saved in the computation, coding, and typing process can be used to have more discussions for deeper understanding of mathematical concepts. This type of linear algebra digital textbook, which contains all interactive free cyber-lab with codes and all lectures for each sections, can be considered as a new model for the next generation of math digital textbook.

Case Study on College Calculus Education for Vocational High School Graduates with Coding (직업계 고등학교 졸업생 대상 'Math & 코딩'을 활용한 대학 미분적분학 교육 사례 연구)

  • Lee, Jae Hwa;Lee, Sang-Gu;Ham, Yoonmee
    • Communications of Mathematical Education
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    • v.36 no.4
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    • pp.611-626
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    • 2022
  • In this study, we introduced the case of college calculus course for vocational high school graduates with coding. We suggest this case as an alternative to overcome mathematics anxiety. Contents, python/SageMath codes, and textbook for this course, which help students to easily and quickly review middle and high school mathematics, were newly developed by authors. Due to the use of codes and chat with classmates in learning management system, most of the students who took this course reported that they no longer felt anxious in complex mathematics problems, had a full understanding of calculus concepts, could solve almost problems in any calculus textbooks with or without codes, and could explain calculus concepts to other students in their own words. In this way if mathematics and coding is properly used in mathematics education, it helps students with weak mathematical backgrounds or mathematics anxiety to restore confidence in mathematics in college. This could be applicable in secondary mathematics education.

Chemical Composition of Several Herb Plants (서양 허브식물의 화학성분)

  • Oh, Moon-Hun;Whang, Hea-Jeung
    • Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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    • v.35 no.1
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    • pp.1-6
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    • 2003
  • Chemical compositions of several herbs (rosemary, mint, thyme, sage, and lavender) cultivated in Korea were analyzed. Approximate compositions were as follows: moisture $69.92{\sim}82.10%$, crude ash $2.48{\sim}6.15%$, crude fat $0.40{\sim}2.46%$, crude protein $0.84{\sim}1.57%$, and crude fiber $2.48{\sim}6.15%$. Total contents of phenolics determined by Folin-Dennis's method were in the range of $73.24{\sim}197.79mg%$. Contents of minerals, Na, Ca, Mn, P, Mg, Zn, and Fe determined by ICP-AES were $43.0{\sim}112.5,\;177.5{\sim}304.0,\;0.5{\sim}1.5,\;74.0{\sim}218.5,\;57.0{\sim}116.0,\;1.0{\sim}2.0$ and $3.0{\sim}5.0mg%$, respectively. Free sugar contents determined by HPLC were: sucrose $0{\sim}7.61$, glucose $0.94{\sim}15.92$, and rhamnose $0.64{\sim}7.99mg%$. Fatty acids including palmitic, stearic, oleic, linoleic, linolenic, and arachidonic acids were identified by GC. Linoleic and linolenic acid contents were higher than those of palmitic and stearic acids. Aroma components identified by GC-MS were 1,8-cineole, ${\alpha}-phellandrene,\;{\alpha}-terpinene,\;{\beta}-pinene,\;{\beta}-thujone$, borneol, butan-1-ol, cis-sabinene hydrate, ${\delta}-carene,\;{\gamma}-terpinene$, and verbenone.

Development of Korean Green Business/IT Strategies Based on Priority Analysis (한국의 그린 비즈니스/IT 실태분석을 통한 추진전략 우선순위 도출에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Jae-Kyeong;Choi, Ju-Choel;Choi, Il-Young
    • Asia pacific journal of information systems
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    • v.20 no.3
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    • pp.191-204
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    • 2010
  • Recently, the CO2 emission and energy consumption have become critical global issues to decide the future of nations. Especially, the spread of IT products and the increased use of internet and web applications result in the energy consumption and CO2 emission of IT industry though information technologies drive global economic growth. EU, the United States, Japan and other developed countries are using IT related environmental regulations such as WEEE(Waste Electrical and Electronic Equipment), RoHS(Restriction of the use of Certain Hazardous Substance), REACH(Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and Restriction of CHemicals) and EuP(Energy using Product), and have established systematic green business/IT strategies to enhance the competitiveness of IT industry. For example, the Japan government proposed the "Green IT initiative" for being compatible with economic growth and environmental protection. Not only energy saving technologies but energy saving systems have been developed for accomplishing sustainable development. Korea's CO2 emission and energy consumption continuously have grown at comparatively high rates. They are related to its industrial structure depending on high energy-consuming industries such as iron and steel Industry, automotive industry, shipbuilding industry, semiconductor industry, and so on. In particular, export proportion of IT manufacturing is quite high in Korea. For example, the global market share of the semiconductor such as DRAM was about 80% in 2008. Accordingly, Korea needs to establish a systematic strategy to respond to the global environmental regulations and to maintain competitiveness in the IT industry. However, green competitiveness of Korea ranked 11th among 15 major countries and R&D budget for green technology is not large enough to develop energy-saving technologies for infrastructure and value chain of low-carbon society though that grows at high rates. Moreover, there are no concrete action plans in Korea. This research aims to deduce the priorities of the Korean green business/IT strategies to use multi attribute weighted average method. We selected a panel of 19 experts who work at the green business related firms such as HP, IBM, Fujitsu and so on, and selected six assessment indices such as the urgency of the technology development, the technology gap between Korea and the developed countries, the effect of import substitution, the spillover effect of technology, the market growth, and the export potential of the package or stand-alone products by existing literature review. We submitted questionnaires at approximately weekly intervals to them for priorities of the green business/IT strategies. The strategies broadly classify as follows. The first strategy which consists of the green business/IT policy and standardization, process and performance management and IT industry and legislative alignment relates to government's role in the green economy. The second strategy relates to IT to support environment sustainability such as the travel and ways of working management, printer output and recycling, intelligent building, printer rationalization and collaboration and connectivity. The last strategy relates to green IT systems, services and usage such as the data center consolidation and energy management, hardware recycle decommission, server and storage virtualization, device power management, and service supplier management. All the questionnaires were assessed via a five-point Likert scale ranging from "very little" to "very large." Our findings show that the IT to support environment sustainability is prior to the other strategies. In detail, the green business /IT policy and standardization is the most important in the government's role. The strategies of intelligent building and the travel and ways of working management are prior to the others for supporting environment sustainability. Finally, the strategies for the data center consolidation and energy management and server and storage virtualization have the huge influence for green IT systems, services and usage This research results the following implications. The amount of energy consumption and CO2 emissions of IT equipment including electrical business equipment will need to be clearly indicated in order to manage the effect of green business/IT strategy. And it is necessary to develop tools that measure the performance of green business/IT by each step. Additionally, intelligent building could grow up in energy-saving, growth of low carbon and related industries together. It is necessary to expand the affect of virtualization though adjusting and controlling the relationship between the management teams.