• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.389-398
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• 2022

Recently, tourism and leisure related VR contents have gained attention of potential tourists. Therefore, this study aimed to analyze investigate the effects of 360-degree VR tourism contents motivations, flow, continuance usage intention on visit intention for Chinese student in Korea. This study found that hedonic benefit and personal benefit exerted a positive influence on visit intention of contents users. However, vividness and usability did not influence on visit intention. Moreover, flow exerted a significant influence on visit intention but continuance usage intention did not influence on visit intention. The study is significant in shedding light on whether the motivations, flow, continuance usage intention of 360-degree VR tourism contents influences visit intention. It is suggested that the consumption of 360-degree VR tourism contents can be a useful marketing tool for strength of intention to visit.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.23-36
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• 2024

Interest in virtual humans continues to increase due to the development of generative AI, extended reality, computer graphics technology, and the spread of a converged metaverse that goes beyond the boundaries between reality and virtuality. Despite the negative public opinion that virtual humans were just temporary form of entertainment event in the early days of their emergence, the reason they are showing continuous growth is due to the unique characteristics of virtual humans and the expansion of diverse usage from technological advancements. The production of video content using virtual humans is becoming vigorously active, but currently there is limitation and no exact process for the technology to apply virtual humans to video content for it to be produced accordingly to the characteristics or situations of virtual humans. In this study, we investigated the characteristics of virtual human production technology methods & processes, and identifying the impact of each production technology on the production environment through examples of virtual human content applied to domestic and international video contents. In conclusion, by proposing an appropriate production method for each content, we hope to develop and assist production practitioners so they can effectively use virtual humans in video content production.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.106-109
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• 2000

The virtual reality - haptic device is developed for the purpose used in the work that human cannot approach and that need elaborate exercises. To render haptic, the total system is constituted master, haptic device, and slave, remote manipulator. Human operates the remote manipulator. Human operates the remote manipulator relying on the hapti devices and stereo graphic. And then the force and scene of the remote manipulator is fed-back from each haptic devices and virtual devices. The feedback information gets system gain exactly. The system gain provides the most exact haptic and virtual devices. The feedback information gets system gain exactly. The system gain provides the most exact haptic and scene to human by the location, the graphic rendering and the haptic rendering algorithm on real-time. In this research, 3D haptic device is developed for common usage and make human feel the haptic when human contacts virtual object rendered by computer graphic. The haptic device is good for tracing location and producing devices because of the row structure. Also, openGL and Visual Basic is utilized to the algorithms for haptic rendering. The haptic device of this research makes the interface possible not only with virtual reality but also with the real remote manipulator.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.155-163
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• 2002

Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder(ADHD) is a childhood syndrome characterized by short attention span. impulsiveness, and hyperactivity, which often leadㄴ to learning disabilities and various behavioral problems. For the treatment of ADHD, medication and cognitive-behavior therapy is applied in recent yearn Although psycho-stimulant medication has been widely used for many rears. current findings suggest that, as the sole treatment for ADHD, it is an inadequate form of intervention in that parents don't want their child to use drug and the effects are limited to the period in which the drugs are physiologically active. On the other hand, EEG biofeedback treatment studies for ADHD have reported promising results not only in significant reductions in hyperactive, inattentive, and disruptive behaviors, but also improvements in academic performance and IQ scores. However it is too boring for children to finish the whole treatment. The recent increase in computer usage in medicine and rehabilitation has changed the way health care is delivered. Virtual Reality technology provides specific stimuli that can be used in removing distractions and providing environments that get the subjects'attention and increasing their ability to concentrate. VR technology can hold a patient's attention for a longer period of time than other methods can, because VR is immersive, interactive and imaginal. Based on these aspects, we developed Attention Enhancement System (AES) using VR technology, EEG biofeedback, and cognitive training method for enhancing attention and made a clinical trial to people who have attention difficulty and behavioral problems.

• Journal of the Institute of Convergence Signal Processing
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.258-266
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• 2011

AR(Augmented Reality) technology is now easily shown around us with respect to its applicable areas' being spreaded into various shapes since the usage is simply generalized and many-sided. Currently existing camera vision based AR used marker based methods rather than using real world's informations. For the marker based AR technology, there are limitations on applicable areas and its environmental properties that a user could immerse into the usage of application program. In this paper, we proposed a novel AR method which users could recognize objects from the real world's data and the related 3-dimensional contents are also displayed. Those are done using image processing skills and a smart mobile embedded camera for terminal based AR implementations without any markers. Object recognition is done from the comparison of pre-registered and referenced images. In this process, we tried to minimize the amount of computations of similarity measurements for improving working speed by considering features of smart mobile devices. Additionally, the proposed method is designed to perform reciprocal interactions through touch events using smart mobile devices after the 3-dimensional contents are displayed on the screen. Since then, a user is able to acquire object related informations through a web browser with respect to the user's choice. With the system described in this paper, we analyzed and compared a degree of object recognition, working speed, recognition error for functional differences to the existing AR technologies. The experimental results are presented and verified in smart mobile environments to be considered as an alternate and appropriate AR technology.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.171-180
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• 2022

Objectives: The study aimed to investigate the perception and usage of oral hygiene products among patients who visited dental hospitals or clinics. Methods: A questionnaire was provided to a total of 187 patients who visited dental hospitals or clinics in Gyeongnam area. The answers were then statistically analyzed. Results: Interest in oral hygiene (r=0.194, p<0.01) and the subjective perception of oral health (r=0.232, p<0.01) had a significant positive correlation with oral hygiene device awareness. Moreover, this study showed that females (β=-0.185, p<0.05) and those with greater interest in oral health (β=0.156, p<0.05) were more familiar with and used toothbrushes regularly. Finally, this study showed that females (β=-0.459, p<0.001) and those who did not suffer from halitosis (β=-0.215, p<0.01) were more familiar with and used oral hygiene devices regularly. Conclusions: To ensure the proper recognition and use of oral hygiene devices, professional oral health education is necessary. Furthermore, various forms of media should be used to disseminate information on oral hygiene devices.

• Journal of muscle and joint health
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.90-101
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• 2019

Purpose: This study was aimed to describe older adults' experiences of living with urinary incontinence and using diapers for its management in long-term care facilities. Methods: Qualitative data were collected through in-depth interviews with 22 participants in long-term care facilities. Content analysis was used to analyze the data. Results: Three themes and six categories were emerged. Participants navigated through those three categories as stages, including the initial stage of confronting the unacceptable reality, transitional stage of physical and emotional suffering, and adaptive stage of accepting the diaper usage as a part of life and hoping improvement. Six categories were feeling terrible with unavoidable use of diapers, being frustrated by nursing staff shortage and unsatisfactory care for urinary incontinence, physical discomfort from of wearing diapers and remaining unchanged, emotional difficulties due to using diapers, accepting and adapting to diaper usage as a part of life, hope for gender-specific quality care for urinary incontinence. Conclusion: The findings suggest that using diapers should not be mandatory to manage older adults' urinary incontinence in long-term care facilities. It is also critical to establish policies to address issues of nursing shortage and financial support for qualitative care to manage urinary incontinence in long-term care settings.

• Journal of Digital Contents Society
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.397-406
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• 2015

Terrestrial broadcasters are devoting great efforts in order to increase sense of reality that would help viewers feel as if they were watching events on site by producing-depth, differentiated news and offering a variety of information to them. They maximize news video graphic effects by replacing news set and install large display units, rail camera, and Jimmy Jib camera. This study aims to grasp whether there is any difference among the main evening news of the three major terrestrial broadcasters. KBS, MBC, and SBS used 18%, 15%, and 12% of graphic usage hours respectively while the number of graphic usage cases amounted to 267, 329, and 276 for each of them. The number of cases where in-depth news report hours exceeded three minutes that require increasingly more virtual reality graphic technology production was 16 for KBS, 7 for MBC, and 5 for SBS. MBC showed the highest number of uses in graphics while KBS showed more graphic use hours than the other two. There have been a number of preceding studies on news contents, but it is significant that this study looked at how much graphics technologies are used in such news video contents.

• Journal of Intelligence and Information Systems
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.165-183
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• 2016

Over the past decade, there has been a rapid diffusion of technological devices and a rising number of various devices, resulting in an escalation of virtual reality technology. Technological market has rapidly been changed from smartphone to wearable devices based on virtual reality. Virtual reality can make users feel real situation through sensing interaction, voice, motion capture and so on. Facebook.com, Google, Samsung, LG, Sony and so on have investigated developing platform of virtual reality. the pricing of virtual reality devices also had decreased into 30% from their launched period. Thus market infrastructure in virtual reality have rapidly been developed to crease marketplace. However, most consumers recognize that virtual reality is not ease to purchase or use. That could not lead consumers to positive attitude for devices and purchase the related devices in the early market. Through previous studies related to virtual reality, there are few studies focusing on why the devices for virtual reality stayed in early stage in adoption & diffusion context in the market. Almost previous studies considered the reasons of hard adoption for innovative products in the viewpoints of Typology of Innovation Resistance, MIR(Management of Innovation Resistant), UTAUT & UTAUT2. However, product-based antecedents also important to increase user intention to purchase and use products in the technological market. In this study, we focus on user acceptance and resistance for increasing purchase and usage promotions of wearable devices related to virtual reality based on headgear products like Galaxy Gear. Especially, we added a variables like attitude confidence as a dimension for user resistance. The research questions of this study are follows. First, how attitude confidence and innovativeness resistance affect user intention to use? Second, What factors related to content and brand contexts can affect user intention to use? This research collected data from the participants who have experiences using virtual rality headgears aged between 20s to 50s located in South Korea. In order to collect data, this study used a pilot test and through making face-to-face interviews on three specialists, face validity and content validity were evaluated for the questionnaire validity. Cleansing the data, we dropped some outliers and data of irrelevant papers. Totally, 156 responses were used for testing the suggested hypotheses. Through collecting data, demographics and the relationships among variables were analyzed through conducting structural equation modeling by PLS. The data showed that the sex of respondents who have experience using social commerce sites (male=86(55.1%), female=70(44.9%). The ages of respondents are mostly from 20s (74.4%) to 30s (16.7%). 126 respondents (80.8%) have used virtual reality devices. The results of our model estimation are as follows. With the exception of Hypothesis 1 and 7, which deals with the two relationships between brand awareness to attitude confidence, and quality of content to perceived enjoyment, all of our hypotheses were supported. In compliance with our hypotheses, perceived ease of use (H2) and use innovativeness (H3) were supported with its positively influence for the attitude confidence. This finding indicates that the more ease of use and innovativeness for devices increased, the more users' attitude confidence increased. Perceived price (H4), enjoyment (H5), Quantity of contents (H6) significantly increase user resistance. However, perceived price positively affect user innovativeness resistance meanwhile perceived enjoyment and quantity of contents negatively affect user innovativeness resistance. In addition, aesthetic exterior (H6) was also positively associated with perceived price (p<0.01). Also projection quality (H8) can increase perceived enjoyment (p<0.05). Finally, attitude confidence (H10) increased user intention to use virtual reality devices. however user resistance (H11) negatively affect user intention to use virtual reality devices. The findings of this study show that attitude confidence and user innovativeness resistance differently influence customer intention for using virtual reality devices. There are two distinct characteristic of attitude confidence: perceived ease of use and user innovativeness. This study identified the antecedents of different roles of perceived price (aesthetic exterior) and perceived enjoyment (quality of contents & projection quality). The findings indicated that brand awareness and quality of contents for virtual reality is not formed within virtual reality market yet. Therefore, firms should developed brand awareness for their product in the virtual market to increase market share.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.715-722
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• 2010

As one of applications in augmented realities, this paper presents a bubble popping system utilizing a haptic vibro-tactile mouse. In this system, virtual bubbles randomly float in the 3D space. By using the vibro-tactile mouse grabbed by a user, the bubbles are popped when they are touched by the mouse in the 3D space. Then a bubble popping effect with addition mouse vibration is delivered to the user's hand through the mouse. The proposed system is developed on ARToolkit environment. Therefore, basic components such as a camera and a marker pattern are required. The systems is composed of a vibro-haptic mouse, a webcam, a marker pattern, a graphic bubble object, and graphic mouse. Mouse vibration as well as bubble fade-out effect is delivered. Therefore, the combination of visual and tactile bubble popping effects outperforms the usage of a single effect in the experience of augmented reality.