• 복식
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.103-115
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to provide consumers with practical information for reasonable purchasing by analyzing apparel purchasing behavior. information source use, demographic differences in terms of life style patterns, moreover, to support apparel manufacturers in producing goods and making a plan by developing more effective advertisements and efficient marketing strategy, such as media strategy. This study targeted 832 men and women wearing sports casual wear. Information source is used to analyze the data and MANOVA, ANOVA. Scheffe is employed for post-inspection and demographic bases are based on the frequency of each type. The followings are the conclusions of this study : 1. In case of print media, TV, PC factor, fashion advocates and individuality advocates most frequently used information source. In case of purchasing experience factor, individuality advocates skewed higher frequency than conformity type. and then, in case of observation information use factor, individuality advocates were ranked as the highest and conformity type as the lowest. In case of human information use factor, fashion advocates and individuality advocates showed higher frequency than practical type and conformity type. 2 In case of female, Individuality advocates was ranked as the highest. In case of male, practical type and conformity type were rank as the highest. Fashion advocates ranked as the lowest in any case. 3. Individuality advocates were ranked as the highest among people aged 14 to 16, practical type among 17 to 19, conformity type among 20 to 23, conformity type among over 20. 4. Middle school students tended to be the individuality advocates, high school students the practical type, university students the practical type and the conformity type, and company workers conformity type.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.173-186
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• 1996

본 연구는 40세 이상 중년의 남자 근로자 253명을 대상으로 신체 적합도 및 여가중 신체 활동과 혈중 지질 중 심혈관질환 발생에 특히 중요한 혈중 총콜레스테롤 값, HDL 콜레스테롤 값 및 총콜레스테롤/HDL 콜레스테롤 비와의 관련성을 알아 보기 위하여 시도된 단면조사연구이다. 단순분석에서 혈중 총콜레스테롤 값과 유의한 상관 관계가 있는 변수는 신체 적합도(r=-0.27), 비만지수(r=0.27)였다. 여가중 신체 활동은 총콜레스테롤 값이 170mg/dl 이상군에서만 총콜레스테롤 값과 유의한 상관관계(r= -0.20)가 있었다. HDL 콜레스테롤 값과 유의한 상관관계가 있는 변수들은 신체 적합도(r=0.15), 비만지수(r=-0.22)및 1주간 음주량(r=0.14)이였다. 총콜레스테롤/HDL 콜레스테롤 비와 유의한 상관관계가 있는 변수들은 신체 적합도(r=0.23), 비만지수(r=0.32), 총흡연지수(r=0.13), 1주간 음주량(r=-0.13) 및 야채 선호도(r=0.13)이었다. 신체 적합도는 안정시 맥박수와 중등도의 상관관계(r=-0.66)가 있었고, 여가중 신체 활동(r=0.19)및 비만지수(r=-0.18)와도 유의한 상관관계가 있었다. 다중회귀분석(Multiple linear regression) 결과 혈중 총콜레스테롤 값과 유의한 관련성을 보이는 변수는 신체 적합도(beta=-0.23)와 비만지수(beta=0.18)이었다. HDL 콜레스테롤 값과 유의한 관련성을 보이는 변수는 비만지수(beta=-0.25)뿐이었다. 총콜레스테롤/HDL 콜레스테롤 비와 유의한 관련성을 보이는 변수는 비만지수(beta=0.30)와 신체 적합도(beta=-0.16) 및 야채선호도(beta=0.14)이었다. 결론적으로 중년 남성 근로자들에서 신체 적합도는 비만지수와 함께 혈중 총콜레스테롤 값, HDL 콜레스테롤 값, 총콜레스테롤/HDL 콜레스테롤 비의 중요한 관련 요인이었다. 여가중 신체 활동은 혈중 총콜레스테롤 값이 170mg/dl 이상인 군에서만 혈중 총콜레스테롤 값과 관계가 있었고, 신체 적합도와는 관련성이 유의하지만 크지 않았다. 따라서 신체 적합도가 여가중 신체 활동보다 혈중 지질 농도의 더 중요한 관련요인이며, 앞으로 신체 활동에 관련된 역학적 연구에서 신체 적합도가 독립적이고 중요한 요인으로 추가되어야 할 것이다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.1-28
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• 1974

The writers have conducted the investigation to assess the nutritional status of young rural Korean children aged from 0 to 4 years old in August 1971. The survey areas were Kaejong-myon. Daeya-myon, Okku-gun, Jeonra-bukdo, Korea. These survey areas were typical agricultural plain areas. The total numbers of children examined were 2,706 comprising 1,394 male and 1,312 female. The weight, height, and chest circumference of children were measured and means and standard deviations. were calculated for each measurement. In addition, the nutritional status of each child was classified by the four levels of malnutrition and the Gomez classification, The examination of red blood cell count, haematocrit value, and intestinal parasite infection were carried out at the same time. In general, recent work tend to suggest that environmental influences, especially nutrition, are of great importance than genetic background or other biological factors for physical growth and development. Certainly the physical dimensions of the body are much influenced by nutrition, particularly in the rapidly growing period of early childhood. Selected body measurements can therefore give valuable information concerning protein-calory malnutrition. Growth can also be affected by bacterial, viral, and parasitic infection. For the field workers in a developing country, therefore, nutritional anthropometry appears to be of greatest value in the assessment of growth failure and undernutrition, principally from lack of protein and calories. In order to compare and evaluate the data obtained, the optimal data of growth from the off-spring of the true well-fed, medically and socially protected are needed. So-called 'Standards' that have been compiled for preschool children in Korea, however, are based on measurement of children from middle or lower socio-economic groups, who are, in fact, usually undernourished from six months of age onwards and continuously exposed to a succession of infective and parasitic diseases. So that, the Harvard Standards which is one of the international reference standards was used as the reference standards in this study. Findings of the survey were as follows: A. Anthropometric data: 1) Comparing the mean values for body weight obtained with the Korean standard weight of the same age, the rural Korean children were slightly haevier than the Korean standard values in both sexes. Comparing with the Japanese children values, the rural Korean children were slightly haevier in male and in the infant period of female but lighter in female of the period of 1 to 4 years old than Japanese children. 2) Comparing the mean values for height obtained with the Korean standard height of the same age, the rural Korean children were taller than the Korean standard values except the second half of infatn period in both sexes. Comparing with the Japanese children, the rural Korean children were slightly smaller than Japanese children except the first half of infant peroid in both sexes. 3) Mear values of chest circumference of rural Korean children obtained were less than the Korean standard values of the same ages in both sexes. B. Prevalence of Protein-Calory Malnutrition: Children examined were devided into two groups, i. e., infant(up to the first birthday) and toddler (1 to 4 fears old). 1) Percentages of four levels of malnutrition: a) When the nutrtional status of each child was classified (1) by body weight value, the percentages for male and female of children attained standard growth were 52.8%(infant 83.3%, toddler 44.4%) and 39.7% (infant 74.5%. toddler 30.5%), the first level of malnutrition were 31.9%(infant 13.7%, toddler 36.9%) and 31.7%(infant 15.3%, toddler 36,0%), the second level of malnutrition were 12.3%(infant 1.7%, toddler 15.3%) and 23.3% (infant 7.7%, fodder 27.5%), the third level of malnutrition were 2.7%(infant 0.7%, toddler 3.2%) and 4.6%(infant 1.8%, toddler 5.3%) the fourth level of malnutrition were 0.3% (infant 0.7%, toddler 0.2%) and 0.7% (0.7% for infant and toddler) respectively. (2) by height value, the percentages for male and female of children attained standard growth were 80.3% (infant 97.3%, toddler 75.6%) and 75.1% (infant 96.4%, toddler 69.5), the first level of malnutrition were 17.9% (infant 2.0%, toddler 22.3%) and 23.6% (infants 3.6%, toddler 28.8%), the second level of malnutrition were 1.2% (infant 0.3%, toddler 1.5%) and 1.1% (infant 0%, toddler 1.4%), the third level of malnutrition were 0.4%(infant 0.3%, toddler 0.5%) and 0.2%(infant 0%, toddler 0.3%), the fourth level of malnutrition were 0.1%(infant 0%, toddler 0.1%) and 0% respectively. (3) by body weight in relation to height, the percentages for male and female of children attained standard growth were 87.9% (infant 77.6%, toddler 87.9%) and 78.2% (infant 77.4%, toddler 78.2%), the first level of malnutrition were 12.2% (infant 18.4%, toddler 10.6%) and 18.2% (infant 17.9%, toddler 18.3%), the second level of malnutrition were 1.9%(infant 3.3%, toddler 1.5%) and 3.0%(infant 3.3%, toddler 2.9%), the third level of malnutrition were 0.1%(infant 0%. toddler 0.1%) and 0.5% (infant 0%, toddler 0.6%), the fourth level of malnutrition were 0.1%(infant 0.7%, toddler 0%) and 0.3% (infant 1.5%, toddler 0%) respectively. b) When the nutritional status of each child according to the mother's age at perturition, i. e., young aged mother (up to 30 years old), middle aged mother (31 to 40 years old) and old aged mother (41 years or above) was classified (1) by body weight, among infants and toddlers, at each year of age, with increasing the mother's age, there was an increase in percentage of subjects underweight. This tendency of increasing percentage of underweight was more significant in the infant period than the toddler period. (2) by height value, no significant differences between each mother's age group were found. c) When the nutritional status of each child according to the birth rank, i. e., lower birth rank (first to third) and higher birth rank (fourth or above) was classified (1) by weight value, children of higher birth rank were slightly more often underweight than those of lower birth rank, but not significant. (2) by height value, no differences were found between children of lower and higher birth rank. 2) Gomez Classification: When the nutritional status of each child was classified a) by body weight value, the percentages for male and female of children. attained standard growth were 53.1% (infant 82.6%, toddler 44.9%) and 39.2% (infant 73.4%, toddler 30.1%), the first degree of malnutrition were 39.4% (infant 14.7%, toddler 46.2%) and 47.1% (infant 21.9%, toddler 53.8%), the second degree of malnutrition were 7.3%(infant 2.3%, toddler 8.6%) and 12.9% (infant 4.0%, toddler 15.2%). and the third degree of malnutrition were 0.2%. (infant 0.3%, toddler 0.2%) and 0.8% (infant 0.7%, toddler 0.9%) respectively. b) by height value, the percentages for male and female of children attained standard growth were 80.8% (infant 97.0%, toddler 76.3%) and 73.8%(infant 95.6%, toddler 68.0%), the first degree of malnutrition were 18.5% (infant 2.7%, toddler 22.9%) and 24.6% (infant 4.4%, toddler 30.0%), the second degree of malnutrition were 0.6%(infant 0.3%, toddler 0.7%) and 0.5% (infant 0.1%, toddler 0.7%), and the third degree of malnutrition were 0.1%(infant 0%, toddler 0.1%) and 1.1% (infant 0%, toddler 1.3%) respectively. C. Results of clinical laboratory examination: 1) Red blood cells: The ranges of mean red blood cell counts for male and female were $3,538,000/mm^3\;to\;4,403,000/mm^3\;and\;3,576,000/mm^3\;to\;4,483,000/mm^3$ respectively. The lowest red cell counts were seen at the age of 0-3 months for male and 1-2 months for female. 2) Haematocrit value : The ranges of haematocrit value of male and female were 35.1% to 38.8% and 34.7% to 38.8% respectively. The lowest haematocrit values were seen at the age of 2-3 months for male and 1-2, months for female. 3) The prevalence rates of intestinal parasites for male and female children with Ascaris lumbricoides were 34.1% (infant 18.8%, toddler 38.1%) and 36.0%(infant 18.4%, toddler 40.7%), with Trichocephalus trichiuris were 6.8% (infant 2.9%, toddler 7.9%) and 9.0% (infant 3.0%, toddler 10.6%), with Hookworm were 0.3% (infant 0.5%, toddler 0.2%) and 0.3% (infant 0.5%, toddler 0.3%), with Clonorchis sinensis were 0.4%(infant 0%, toddler 0.5%) and 0.1%(infant 0%, toddler 0.1%) respectively.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.371-381
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• 2019

본 연구는 은퇴를 주로 부정적인 생애사건으로 분류하였던 기존 인식에서 벗어나 보다 긍정적인 관점에서 다루고자 하였다. 취업자를 참조집단으로 하여, 은퇴자의 은퇴 만족 여부(만족 은퇴, 불만족 은퇴)가 삶의 만족도에 어떠한 영향을 미치는지를 살펴보고, 성별에 따른 차이를 검증하였다. 연구대상은 1~2차년도 고령화연구패널조사(KLoSA) 참여자 중 45세 이상의 취업자 1,886명, 은퇴자 723명으로 총 2,609명이며, 은퇴자는 1~2차년도 지속적 불만족 은퇴자와 만족 은퇴자로 구분하였다. 연구방법은 SPSS 21.0을 사용한 중다회귀분석을 실시하였으며, 남녀 집단 간 차이를 보다 명확히 하기위해 성별에 따른 회귀계수의 차이를 Mplus 7.3을 사용하여 다집단 분석(Multi-Group Analysis)을 통해 검증한 뒤, Wald-Test를 실시하였다. 본 연구결과에 따르면, 불만족 은퇴자와 만족 은퇴자의 삶의 만족도는 상반되는 것으로 나타났다. 즉, 은퇴에 불만족할 경우 취업자보다 삶의 만족도는 낮은 반면, 은퇴에 만족할 경우 오히려 취업자보다도 삶의 만족도가 높다는 결과가 도출되었다. 또한, 남녀 모두 불만족 은퇴자는 취업자보다 삶의 만족도가 낮았고, 이 효과는 여성에게서 더 큰 것으로 나타났다. 그러나 여성의 경우 만족 은퇴자의 삶의 만족도는 취업자보다 높은 반면, 남성의 경우 이러한 영향력이 유의미하다는 증거가 발견되지 않았다. 본 연구결과를 바탕으로 은퇴자 집단의 이질성 및 생애과정에서의 성차에 대한 논의가 이루어졌다.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제17권6호
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• pp.278-290
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• 2016

본 연구의 목적은 근로자들의 BMI 변화에 따른 혈청총콜레스테롤의 변화 및 고콜레스테롤혈증 발생비율과의 관련성을 파악하고자 시도하였다. 연구는 2002년부터 20012년까지 11년간 각 연도별로 1회 이상 정기건강검진을 받았던 30~69세 근로자 28,249명(남자 25,548명, 여자 2,701명)을 대상으로 검진기간을 전기(2002-2005), 중기(2006-2009) 및 후기(2010-2012)로 구분하여 각 기간별 BMI 구분에 따른 혈청지질의 평균치를 분석하였다. 또한, 기준년도(2002)로부터 10년간의 BMI의 변화량 구분별로 혈청총콜레스테롤의 평균변화량을 산출하였으며, 혈청총콜레스테롤 정상자에서의 BMI 구분별 10년간의 고콜레스테롤혈증 발생의 년차별 비율을 분석하였다. 연구결과, 서로 다른 3시기(전기; 2002~2005, 중기; 2006~2009 및 후기; 2010~2012)에서의 평균혈청총콜레스테롤은 BMI가 낮은 군($18.5kg/m^2$미만군)에서 중간군($18.5-25.0kg/m^2$군), 높은 군($25.0kg/m^2$ 이상군)으로 갈수록 유의하게 증가하였으며, 고콜레스테롤혈증 발생비율도 BMI가 낮은 군에서 높은 군으로 갈수록 유의하게 증가하였다. 위와 같이 10년간의 BMI 변화량에 대한 혈청총콜레스테롤의 평균변화량의 경년적 추이를 볼 때, BMI의 증가는 혈청총콜레스테롤의 증가에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 밝혀졌다. 따라서 혈청지질치의 위험 관리를 위해서는 비만관리에 대한 평가와 중재가 필요함을 시사하고 있다.

• 한국융합학회논문지
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• 제9권11호
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• pp.203-208
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• 2018

본 연구는 심혈관질환의 위험인자인 맥압과 혈청지질 그리고 폐기능 사이의 연관성이 존재하는지를 융합적으로 연구하고자 서울에 위치한 일개 회사의 사무직 종사자 109명(남성 51명, 여성 58명)을 대상으로 진행하였다. 대상자의 평균 연령은 $43.44{\pm}7.23$세, 남성 $43.44{\pm}7.27$세, 여성 $49.1{\pm}11.5$세였고, 키와 체중, BMI, 수축기혈압과 이완기 혈압을 측정하였고, 남녀의 차이가 있었다. 대상자의 맥압 평균은 $47.82{\pm}9.02mmHg$로 남녀의 차이는 없었다. %FVC의 평균은 $84.26{\pm}9.91%$로 남녀의 차이는 없었다. 맥압과 수축기혈압에서 남성(p<0.01), 여성(p<0.01)과 양의 상관관계를 나타내었으며, 남성에게서 FVC와 HDL는 양의 상관관계로 나타났다(p<0.05). 맥압과 %FVC는 음의 상관관계로 나타났다(-0.267, P<0.01). 회귀분석 결과 R2 은 0.071 로 맥압이 %FVC에 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서, 혈압 측정에서의 맥압과 폐기능 검사는 심혈관계질환의 예측인자로 유용성이 있을 것으로 사료되며, 향후 심혈관질환의 연구의 융복합 연계가 필요할 것이다.

• 대한예방한의학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.40-68
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• 2001

In this study, grade of subjective symptom appealed by laborer of Jeollabuk-do was evaluated using questionary regarding factor made effect on musculoskeletal disease and in addition, studied relationship with health promotion life style of them. Based on the result, relationship of general characteristics of musculoskeletal subjective symptom and life-style of the subjects was concluded as below. 1. General characteristics of study subjects were as following. Ratio of male was higher as 57.7% of male and 42.2% female and age distribution was 5.1% of 20s, 34.99% of 30s, 36.3% of 40s and 23.7% of 50s and therefore, $30{\sim}40$ aged groups showed highest ratio. Most subjects (74.9%) was married status and in case of education level, high-school graduate and dropout (23.3%) and over-college graduate (46.8%) showed highest distribution. $1{\sim}2$ Mil. KRW (29.5%) and $2{\sim}2.99$ Mil. KRW (21.2%) is the main income distribution and however there was high ratio of non-reply (29.0%). In case of employment period, $10{\sim}14$ years (15.3%) and over 15 years (29.6%) showed highest ratio and there were many non-reply (39.4%) and in addition, 67.6% replied as own house and 14.3% as lease on deposit base in question of residence type. 2. Subjects showed high ratio of subjective symptom appeal of 62.79% and many cases (50.23%) appealed 1 or 2 symptoms. Symptom by body region was 29.8% (waist), 27% (shoulder), 21.2% (knee), 15.5% (neck), 9.5% (ankle), 8.1% (wrist) and 5.0% (elbow) in order. In case of relationship with general characteristics, female comparing with male, non-residence of own house, subjects with lower education level and employment period of $10{\sim}14$ years showed higher appeal rate and kind of symptoms than others. Therefore, it was concluded that rate of musculoskeletal symptom appeal have close relationship with gender, level of living, education level, age and employment period. 3. In case of severe pain of upper body except waist and ankle, it was appealed in both or right side and it means that upper body pain is originated from right side and right region pain is transited to both region pain. In addition, there was 39.41% of non-reply to existence of right-left region pain and therefore, it was evaluated that, in may cases, there was no awareness of their own symptom condition even on subjective symptom. 4. Degree of pain was, as pain over middle level, evaluated as 2.79 on full mark of 4.0 and in order of waist (2.97), ankle (2.83), knee (2.82), wrist (2.82), neck (2.79), shoulder (2.70) and elbow (2.62). In addition, 71.97% appealed $2{\sim}3$ cases for the latest 1 week. Owing to subjective symptom, 54.95% drop into hospital or pharmacy, 10.32% made temporary retirement or absence, 7.99% transferred into more comfortable duty and $39.4{\sim}54%$ experienced one or more managing mentioned above. 5. Fulfillment of health promotion life style of subjects was evaluated on full mark of 4.0 and total score was 2.63. Average mark of each area was personal relationship (3.05), self-realization (2.92), stress management (2.63), health control (2.48), physical exercise (2.19) and nutrition management (2.19) and personal relationship was highest and physical exercise and nutrition management were lowest. As general characteristics influencing health promotion life style, gender, residence style and employment period showed significant difference. Male showed higher mark than female and showed higher mark in order of own house, others, lease on deposit base, monthly rent. Subjects with longer employment period showed higher mark with significant difference. 6. Accounting of factor influencing each area of health promotion life style, self-realization showed significance in marriage status, income, residence style and education level and health control in age, residence style and employment period. Physical exercise showed significant difference in gender, age, residence style and employment period and nutrition in gender, age, residence style and employment period. Stress management showed significant difference in residence style and employment period and however not in personal relationship. 7. Health promotion life style relating with existence and kind of pain showed significant difference in all area except personal relationship area. In absence of pain, there was statistically significant high score in all area even in total health promotion life style and all area. Accounting of kind of pain, cases of $1{\sim}2$ kinds of pain and $5{\sim}6$ kinds of pain showed relatively high score and it was lower than mark of subject stated absence of pain. 8. Subjects appeal symptom were classified by symptom region and difference of total and each areas were evaluated. General area (p=0.002), self-realization (p=0.012), health management (p=0.023), physical exercise (p=0.028), nutrition management (p=0.028) and stress control (p=0.001) showed statistically significant difference and not in personal relationship area. Especially, elbow, shoulder and neck area marked high and group appealed pain of knee, arm and elbow, foot and ankle marked low. Based on those results, subjective symptom should be accounted seriously in diagnosis of occupational musculoskeletal disease of laborer and among subjective symptom, general characteristics of gender, age, condition of living, education level and employment period make effect. Generally subject appeal symptom marked lower than subject without symptom appeal and it means that life management of subject appealing musculoskeletal pain make important role in management and treatment of occupational musculoskeletal disease.