• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.576-598
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• 2016

This paper is to reconsider some characteristics of philosophical discussion on alienation, especially focusing on Lefebvre's concept of alienation, and then to conceptualize a number of features of alienation in both industrial and postindustrial capitalist cities. The construction and development of modern city in industrial capitalism has brought about alienation from nature and from land(i.e. means of production), and in these contexts, has generated alienated labour of urban labourers, which has been deepened through development of modern technologies and divisions of labour. The transformation from industrial to postindustrial society can be seen not as alleviating but as further intensifying and expanding process of alienation. Urban alienation in postindustrial society has been spatially and temporally extended through processes of glocalization and of financialization with the development of credit system. It also has been widened to fields of consumption and leisure and to spheres of non-material production, and has get more deeply involved in capital circulation through built environment and landscape(or spectacles) of cities. Finally this paper is to re-examine briefly theoretical discussions on dealienation in order to conceptualize the just city for dealienation of labour and of urban space, in particular considering the concept of 'the right to the city' as practical strategy of urban dealienation, and to suggest further three kinds of justice for the just city, that is, justice for distribution, for production and for recognition.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.136-142
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• 2020

Morphology and osteology of the slender ribbonfish, Trachipterus ishikawae was described and figured in detail. The morphological characteristics are as follow: body elongate and compressed; upper jaw protrusile; tubercles along ventral edge of body and tail; eyes are large; body naked; caudal fin long and at a right angle to the body; from (3~4)+(7~8) gill rakers; from 180 to 185 dorsal fin rays, from 12 to 13 pectoral fin rays; 9 caudal fin rays and 5+2 short spine at caudal spine. The osteological characteristics are as follow: premaxillary is long and has four teeth; dentary is triangle shape; interopercle and subopercle are wide and flat; 5 branchiostegal rays; post clavicle is thin and long; from 79 to 80 centrum; posterior vertebrae elongate; 5~6 tubercles at urostyle bone.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.66-88
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• 1997

There is no special law of Landscape architecture in Korea. So, examining the concept from the legal basis of LA with the viewpoint of a natural scientist not a jurist, this study was conducted to grasp the present condition of the name and the related text of the foreign laws in force which were connected with LA.. And those foreign laws were arranged in the name and the text and classified by nations of regional groups and it was considered to the mutual relation with lots of laws which are scattered with the various laws. Current domestic regulations to the various fields of LA are assembled with the many related rules. The governmental organization conducting those business is nonexistent up to now and it is generally known to except the dept. of LA from the office organization in Korea. Being at a disadvantage as mentioned above, this study was progressed under the necessity of the scientific basis for the expected organic law of LA proposed to establish it by every field of LA. Though feels inconvenience if the study for the items itself of LA had been proceeded prior to the study of laws relating to LA throughout the study, such a extensive study will be a subject to be attempted constantly hereafter by all part of landscape architects. The contents of the study are as follows ; 1. The present condition of the foreign laws connected with LA 1. The proposal & analysis of the problems and the solutions to the domestic laws connected with LA 3. The proposal of the reasonable application pklan in order to establish the organic law for LA. Among the items relating to LA such as engineer, contract, planning, design and supervision, construction, maintenance, plant and planting, open space, facilities, aesthetics and sight, park, land use and development planning, urban and regional planning, leisure space planning, environmental conservation and ecology, structural engineering of construction, administration, right and penal regulations, the laws dealing with the matter relating to LA directly or indirectly are prescribed dispersedly in the many other related laws and it is concluded to be impossible for the independent law of LA is likely to be establish with not only selecting and arranging the matter having closed connections to LA directly but also being recognized as the systematic equipment of the LA business. It was to be analyzed the present condition of the collected foreign laws relating to LA. After pointing out the problems to the domestic related laws being at issue, the remedies for it were presented through the questionnaire of the landscape specialist in which the supporting opinions to the recognition to the problems and the solutions were come to a major portion. Three types of application such as applicable, non-applicable, applicable after examination were presented to decide whether or not the foreign related laws were applied to the domestic one. The result of analysis shows that 42 statutes and 9 ordinances are applicable, 4 statutes and 7 ordinances are non-applicable, 1 constitution, 81 statutes and 48 ordinances are applicable after examination.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.214-233
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• 2017

For people with physical or sensory limitations, broadcasting is the main means of information acquisition and leisure. Recently, changes in the media environment, such as convergence of broadcasting and communication, digital mobile conversion of broadcasting, and active media usage behavior of users, make broadcasting accessibility of the disabled difficult, and as a result, the information gap between the disabled and the non-disabled is increasing. A notice on broadcasting rights for the disabled was enacted in consequence of the amendment of the Broadcasting Law in July 2011 and the web accessibility guideline became more effective with the amendment of the National Informatization Act in 2013 so that legal basis for the right of media access for the disabled was established. However, media services for them are still lacking quantitatively and qualitatively. In this study, we describe the present status of the audio description service for the visually impaired, and analyze the results of the questionnaire survey on the usage status, satisfaction and improvement requirements of the audio description service for 100 visually impaired people.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.19 no.12
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• pp.1821-1828
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• 2009

The purpose of this research was to investigate how the plyometric training and weight training program, applied in the field for exercise performance of throwing players, influenced improvement of athletic abilities, including agility, maximum muscular power, and strength. After implementing plyometric training and weight training to 21 high school throwing players for 10 weeks, we designed the next step. The 21 subjects were divided into two groups - women's group and men's group. All subjects were tested to determine agility using sidestep, burpee test, reaction time, lower body power and strength using standing long jump, standing jump, 30 m running, squats and leg presses. Additionally, isokinetic strength was measured using Cybex isokinetic dynamometer. The results showed that both groups demonstrated improvement in the standing long jump, standing jump and 30 m running after training. Particularly, the women's group indicated better improvement. Second, women's groups showed higher improvement in the sidestep and burpee test. However, in the reaction time test, the men's group indicated better improvement. Third, both groups showed better improvement in squats and leg presses after training. Particularly, the women's group indicated better improvement. Fourth, in the left and right side extension torque and flexion torque at a velocity of $60^{\circ}$/sec, both groups showed better improvement after training. In the left side extension peak torque, the men's group showed higher improvement, but the women's group showed higher improvement in the left side flexion and extension peak torque. Fifth, both groups showed better improvement in bench pressing and back strength after training. Particularly, the women's group indicated higher improvement.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.625-635
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• 2019

Students are exposed to many visual representations in various visual cultures. Infographics combining visual representations and writing can effectively convey information. Also it can be efficient ways for teachers to focus on important contents. Students can use infographics as a method directly to organize information. Therefore, the infographics that students use both writings and images directly and visually will be more effective on elementary school science classes than the workbook. Classes are guided with the same scientific inquiry and experiment written on the science textbook. The experimental group students organized scientific inquiry by infographics, while the comparison group students still used the workbook. First, the types of infographics are determined by what students want to explain. Based on learning objectives, students used the right type of infographics to effectively convey their focus on information. Second, the infographics organizing activities used in the classes had a significant effect on students' academic achievement. Also, the infographics organizing classes are positively associated to science-related attitudes, including such+ as 'Leisure Interest in Science', 'Adoption of Scientific Attitudes', and 'Attitude to Scientific Inquiry'. Third, visual tendency and classroom treatments had no interactions, but the experimental group had a positive impact regardless of student's characteristics. Fourth, experimental group showed positive attitudes toward to students' perception of infographics. Since some of students had difficulties organizing information in infographics, further research is required to enable students to reduce their burden in application of infographics.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.127-132
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• 2009

In the working population, muscle fatigue and musculoskeletal discomfort are common, which, in the case of insufficient recovery may lead to musculoskeletal pain. Workers suffering from musculoskeletal pains need to be rehabilitated for recovery. Isokinetic testing has been used in physical strengthening, rehabilitation and post-operative orthopedic surgery. Frequency analysis of electromyography (EMG) signals using the mean frequency (MNF) has been widely used to characterize muscle fatigue. During isokinetic contractions, EMG signals present strong nonstationarities. Hilbert-Haung transform (HHT) and autoregressive (AR) model have been known more suitable than Fourier or wavelet transform for nonstationary signals. Moreover, several analyses have been performed within each active phase during isokinetic contractions. Thus, the aims of this study were i) to determine which one was better suitable for the analysis of MNF between HHT and AR model during repetitive maximum isokinetic extensions and ii) to investigate whether the analysis could be repeated for sequential fixed epoch lengths. Seven healthy volunteers (five males and two females) performed isokinetic knee extensions at $60^{\circ}/s$ and $240^{\circ}/s$ until 50% of the maximum peak torque was reached. Surface EMG signals were recorded from the rectus femoris of the right thigh. An algorithm detecting the onset and offset of EMG signals was applied to extract each active phase of the muscle. Following the results, slopes from the least-square error linear regression of MNF values showed that muscle fatigue of all subjects occurred. The AR model is better suited than HHT for estimating MNF from nonstationary EMG signals during isokinetic knee extensions. Moreover, the linear regression can be extracted from MNF values calculated by sequential fixed epoch lengths (p> 0.0I).

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.71-76
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• 2010

The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes of long term ECG response in a company with middle-aged male employees. Subjects were 60 men who were 40~55 years old. We enrolled 30 exercise group subjects into a 3-year exercise program. In measurement index, body composition was measured by % body fat and BMI. Exercise stress test analyses were measured using ST/HR slope and QRS vector. Statistical analysis was performed using analysis of repeated ANOVA. Results of this study were as follows: In ST/HR slope, the control group showed symptoms of ischemia after nine minutes of exercise. In the rest frontal axis of the QRS vector, the control group had a tendency towards right axis deviation. In the rest horizontal amplitude of the QRS vector, the control group had a tendency to show a significant decrease, but it was increased significantly in the exercise group. These findings suggest that inactive company workers was showed a decrease of exercise capacity, early diagnosis exercise-induced ST depression, and prolonged deviation of QRS vector, but that cardiac function could be elevated in active middle aged men through regular exercise program participation.

• (The) Research of the performance art and culture
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• no.19
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• pp.161-190
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• 2009

This study presents matters of how to analyse the dance of artistic form on the course of transforming folk art to be separated from leisure to become the art form. In particular, the traditional art of dance in Korea has been of collective act like dureh, rather than of individual art, that it had to choose the repeated style of same form and rhythm. In this respect, before it can be said that the dance in its own form became more sophisticated and adopted the artistic segment in the time of modernisation, it is viewed that in the very heart of folk dance there was sufficient ability of artistic material to seek its own right. In this regard, the artistic transformation of seoljanggo nori into seoljanggo dance is an art form which is found in Korea, and expressing rhythm and playfulness is evident and sought attention. Therefore this study puts its importance in analysing how, in the aspect of the course of life of traditional arts, dance is formed in its own right and developed a form of art from fun entertainment. I have chosen, among them, seoljanggo, which used to be a form of fun entertainment and later transformed into a form of art on stage, in particular LeeGyeongh wa seoljanggo dance which maintains the style of Honam Udo farmers' music, and tried to read the text from it. It has resulted in that, Lee Gyeonghwa seoljanggo dance did a new try on tradition, in its development of expressing art through dance and onto more technical sophistication, found in the style of tune and choreography fused into its distinctive form. The art of traditional dance concerns here that seoljanggo has changed from agrarian entertainment to modern stage art, which shows how tradition can be adopted to the contemporary cultural life or to be reinvented to the needs of the aesthetic style that the current society consumes. Thus, it is necessary to think about its role in education and to represent cultural creativity from local developments.

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.55-71
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• 2013

By aircraft from Aviation regulations and institutional regulatory framework for ensuring the safety is secured. State-of-the-art aircraft, according to the type of development and diversification, modernization and new types of aircraft are operated. In particular, light aircraft and ultralight flying device such as the gyro-plane and unmanned flying devices is introduced a new device, and the device operates at these flight in accordance with the standards of the Aviation Act regulations may not occur often. Variety of light aircraft and ultra-light aircraft assembly, can be adapted for a person engaged in the business of aviation safety management and to perform the legal basis was established. Depending on the classification of newly introduced aircraft, the biggest change is the introduction of the concept of the LSA. In Korea, the various light aircraft are operating, but these aircraft range not clearly Aviation Regulations had difficulty in ensuring safety. This study examined the differences between international rules and regulations of Korea about the classification of aircraft. The LSA are included in aircraft categories internationally, but LSA will not be included in the aircraft categories, which is one of a range of powered flight device exists in Korea Aviation Act. Limit for maximum continuous power speed in a LSA, it is a limit on the right of the people who want using the high-performance plane. Also it is an international trend does not fit in, and is consistent with the intent of LSA manufacturer. Delete the content from a range of future aviation law revisions and light aircraft-related provisions to limit the maximum continuous power speed is considered to be suitable for the purpose of introducing the light aircraft industry. The laws and regulations set up in order to ensure the safety of ultralight aircraft categories existing in ultralight aircraft that exceeds the purpose of the introduction of LSA technology development at home and abroad, and is intended to reflect. These standards complement of aircraft operation is not appropriate for the situation unless the country is difficult to ensure the safety of operations. Also developed in other countries, the introduction of aircraft operating in the country, so many problems occur early revision is required.