• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.488-492
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• 2009

본 논문은 자동차의 엔진오일에 사용되는 여러 윤활기유에 대하여 비마모 특성을 실험적 연구에 의해 분석하였다. 비마모량 점도와 온도 등과 같은 여러 가지 속도 조건 하에서의 마찰력과 측정된 수직하증으로부터 계산되었다. 엔진오일에 사용되는 기유는 여러 가지 작동 상태에 따라 마찰 특성의 관계가 확인되었다.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• 제33권4호
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• pp.323-330
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• 2011

Purpose: The present study examined the reproducibility of an operation plan by comparing the jaw position of STO with the postoperative mandibular set back measurement in sagittal split ramus osteotomy. Methods: Thirty patients with class III dental and skeletal malocclusion and who were treated with BSSRO were reviewed. Three plain radiographs such as the panoramic view, the lateral cephalogram and the submentovertex view were taken before and after operation. Also, paper surgery for STO and model surgery were used to evaluate the amount of mandibular set back. Results: On the panoramic view, the amount of mandibular set back in STO was similar to the postoperative results of model surgery, but the amount of mandibular set back on the lateral cephalogram was smaller than the postoperative result of model surgery and then the amount of set back on submentovertex view was similar to the postoperative result of model surgery. Conclusion: Precise tracing and paper surgery should be performed for a combined expected STO in order to predict the exact amount of preoperative mandibular set back.

• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.44-49
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• 2008

In this research, I would like to choose sliding distance and ventilated hole number which affect to the amount of wear of disk and pad as experiment conditions of 'the amount of wear' through wear test of motorcycle brake disk. Also, I analyze the amount of wear according to the variation of coefficient of friction by using design of experiment that is being widely used in diverse areas. With the tests of least, I present the correlation of each experiment condition. Therefore, I analyzed the variation of the amount of wear of disk and pad according to test factors such as ventilated hole number, applied load, sliding speed, and sliding distance in wear test of motorcycle brake disk by applying the design of experiment. Also, I analyzed quantitatively the influence of test factors through Taguchi Robust experimental design, response surface and examined the most suitable level and estimation of the amount of wear of disk. From these, I reached the following conclusions. response surface design, mathematical model was constructed about amount of wear of disk and pad. The amount of wear that decrease according to increase of ventilated hole number, and it's increase according to Increase of applied load, sliding speed, and sliding distance.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.20-30
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• 2008

In order to evaluate the biodegradability of bait used in the pot for swimming crab, water tank experiments were conducted. Mackerel is the most commonly used natural form of bait to catch the swimming crabs, and therefore was used in this experiment for the biodegradability according to the manufacturing process of the bait. From the biodegradability test on chemical oxygen demand(COD), total nitrogen(T - N), total phosphorus(T - P), ammoniac nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen per unit weight of the bait based on the production rate and the accumulated amount of pollutants, it was concluded that the smaller the size of the mackerel pieces, the higher the production rate and accumulated amount of organic matter and nutrients which was unfavorable to water pollution. The amount of pollutants released from the intestine of the tuna was similar with that from the whole mackerel. For the operation period of 111 days, the accumulated concentrations of tested pollutants from the tuna which were 67.3 mgCOD/g d, 86.4 mgT N/g d, 3.1 mgT - P/g d, were almost half comparing with those from the mackerel which were 65.7 - 94.4 mgCOD/g d, 83.8 - 109.4 mgT - N/g d, 3.1 - 5.2 mgT - P/g d. The amount of pollutants released from the intestine of the tuna was slightly less than that from the mackerel that was cut into 8 pieces. but more than that from the mackerel which was not cut into pieces. Therefore, it can be concluded that the key factor in determining water pollution potential is not the kind of bait, but the processing or preparation method used.

• 대한두개안면성형외과학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.17-21
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• 2024

Background: The pain caused by local anesthetic injection can lead to patient anxiety prior to surgery, potentially necessitating sedation or general anesthesia during the excision procedure. In this study, we aim to compare the pain relief efficacy and safety of using a digital automatic anesthetic injector for local anesthesia. Methods: Thirty-three patients undergoing excision of a benign soft tissue tumor under local anesthesia were prospectively enrolled from September 2021 to February 2022. A single-blind, randomized controlled study was conducted. Patients were divided into two groups by randomization: the experimental group with digital automatic anesthetic injector method (I-JECT group) and the control group with conventional injection method. Before surgery, the Amsterdam preoperative anxiety information scale was used to measure the patients' anxiety. After local anesthetic was administered, the Numeric Pain Rating Scale was used to measure the pain. The amount of anesthetic used was divided by the surface area of the lesion was recorded. Results: Seventeen were assigned to the conventional group and 16 to the I-JECT group. The mean Numeric Pain Rating Scale was 1.75 in the I-JECT group and 3.82 in conventional group. The injection pain was lower in the I-JECT group (p< 0.01). The mean Amsterdam preoperative anxiety information scale was 11.00 in the I-JECT group and 9.65 in conventional group. Patient's anxiety did not correlate to injection pain regardless of the method of injection (p= 0.47). The amount of local anesthetic used per 1 cm² of tumor surface area was 0.74 mL/cm² in the I-JECT group and 2.31 mL/cm² in the conventional group. The normalization amount of local anesthetic was less in the I-JECT group (p< 0.01). There was no difference in the incidence of complications. Conclusion: The use of a digital automatic anesthetic injector has shown to reduce pain and the amount of local anesthetics without complication.

• 대한설비공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한설비공학회 2005년도 동계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.427-432
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• 2005

This study developed a program for detecting charged refrigerant amount in system air-conditioner. System air-conditioner is an air-conditioning system with multiple indoor units. Due to the complexity of the system, it is more difficult to detect the refrigerant amount charged in system air-conditioner than in a general single air-conditioner. Experiments were performed for 6 HP outdoor units with 3 indoor units in a psychrometric calorimeter. The experimental amount of charged refrigerant were ranged from 60% to 140% with 10% increasement. Fuzzy algorithm were emploeed for detecting the charged refrigerant amount in a system air-conditioner. The experimental data were used for curve fitting for general ranges for indoor and outdoor temperature conditions. membership function were determined for whole ranges of experimentally measured data and rulebase were defined for each amount of refrigerant charge. Developed program successfully predicted the measured data within 10% resolution range.

• 한국동물학회지
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.20-24
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• 1961

The present experiment was conducted to investigate the rate of oxygen consumption in relation to the several amino acids in the Mang-Kong frog ,Gallula tornieri VOGT. 1. When the liver tissue was suspended in the Ringer's solution (0.85% NaCl), the amount of oxygen consumption per hour was 0.043$\mu$l/mg , whereas when it was suspended in M/15, pH 5.8 phosphate buffer the oxygen consumption reached 0.93$\mu$l/mg. 2. When 0.5ml of 1% alanine and 0.5ml of 0.5% arginine were used as respiratory material the amount of oxygen consumption increased remarkably, while on the other hand glycine showed little influence on the amount of oxygen consumption. 3. When 0.5ml of 0.1% , 0.5% alanine-arginine mixture, 0.5ml of 0.1% , 0.5% alanine-glycine mixture and 0.5ml of 1 % arginine-glycine were added the oxygen consumption in the liver tissue increased somewhat in comparison to the case in which single amino acid was used. 4. Glycine appeared to have influence on the respiration of the liver tissue but the amount of oxygen consumption increased as the concentration of arginine-glycine mixture increased, whereas the rate of oxygen consumption increased remarkably as alaninie-glycine mixture decreased. It was evidenced that in the combination of alanine-arginine the rate of oxygen consumption increased as the concentration of the mixture decreased and vice versa.

• 가정과삶의질연구
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.163-180
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• 1990

The objective of this study was to investigate the time used for daily activities by rural housewives. This study was carried out two aspects-the amount and the distribution of time. However, the characteristics of agriculture and the farming season influenced on rural housewives activities. There fore, in this study, survey areas divided into two groups-the traditional and the commercial agricultural area. And I conducted surveys in two times-the busy farming season and the leisure season for farmers. Data for 286 housewives(76 in traditional area on the leisure season, and 68 in commercial 142 in traditional area on the busy farming season)were collected by interviews, in which wives were asked to recall the used of time on the previous day, and a time record chart broken into fifteen minute intervals. The statistics for data analysis were frequency, percentile, T-test, and F-test by SPSS PC programs. The findings are as follows; 1)The average total time of rural housewives on labour was 8 hours 53 minutes, on socio-cultural activities 4 hours 18 minutes, and on physiological activities 11 hours 2 minutes. 2) The amount of time on agricultural labour was 6 hours 47 minutes in busy farming season, and 2 hour 45 minutes in leisure season. 3) The average time on household labour was 3 hours 51 minutes. 4) The amount of time on socioculture activities was 2 hours 19 minutes in busy farming, and 6 hours 16 minutes in leisure season. 5) The average time on physiological activities was 11 hours 2 minutes.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제44권7호
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• pp.381-386
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• 2007

A porous reaction bonded silicon carbide (RBSC) was fabricated by a molten Si infiltration method. The porosity and flexural strength of porous RBSC fabricated in this study were dependent upon the amount of carbon source used in the SiC/carbon preform as well as the amount of Si infiltrated into the SiC/carbon preform. The porosity and flexural strength of porous RBSC were in the range of $20 vo1.{\sim}49 vo1.%$ and $38{\sim}61 MPa$, respectively. With increase of carbon contents and molten Si for infiltration, volume fraction of the pores was gradually decreased, and flexural strength was increased. The porous RBSCs fabricated with the same amount of molten Si show less residual Si around neck with increase of carbon source, as well as a new SiC was formed around neck which resulted in the decreased porosity and improvement of the flexural strength. In addition, decrease of the porosity and increase of the flexural strength were also obtained by increase of the amount of molten Si with the same amount of carbon source. However, it was found that the flexural strength of porous RBSC depends on the porosity rather than the amount of the newly formed SiC in neck phase between SiC particles used as a starting material.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.25-29
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• 2020

Objectives: Heavy menstrual bleeding has a significant effect on women's daily life and health consequences for theirs. Attention to women's and girls' menstrual health is critical for their health. This study presents the results of a novel research on the effect of chamomile capsule on the amount of bleeding, and the duration and interval of menstrual cycles. Methods: The current study was a randomized, double-blind, clinical trial, which was carried out on 118 female students living in dorms of Guilan University of Medical Sciences. The participants were divided into two groups of 59, each receiving either chamomile capsule 250 mg or placebo three times a day, for an interval beginning from 7 days before the starting menstruation till the next onset. Higham chart is the pictorial blood loss assessment to determine the amount and duration of menstrual bleeding. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 20. Alpha was set at 0.05 for all analyses. Results: The average amount of bleeding in the chamomile group decreased after taking the capsule (p = 0.001). However, statistical tests did not show any significant difference in terms of duration and interval between two bleeding in both the experimental and control groups (p > 0.05). Conclusion: The present study showed that the chamomile capsule decreases the amount of menstrual bleeding and can be used as a therapeutic method. Conclusion:The present study showed that the chamomile capsule decreases the amount of menstrual bleeding and can be used as a therapeutic method.