• ETRI Journal
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.419-428
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• 2009

A question answering (QA) system can be built using multiple QA modules that can individually serve as a QA system in and of themselves. This paper proposes a learnable, strategy-driven QA model that aims at enhancing both efficiency and effectiveness. A strategy is learned using a learning-based classification algorithm that determines the sequence of QA modules to be invoked and decides when to stop invoking additional modules. The learned strategy invokes the most suitable QA module for a given question and attempts to verify the answer by consulting other modules until the level of confidence reaches a threshold. In our experiments, our strategy learning approach obtained improvement over a simple routing approach by 10.5% in effectiveness and 27.2% in efficiency.

• Proceedings of the Korea Contents Association Conference
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• 2005.05a
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• pp.448-451
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• 2005

In this paper, we describe a method of answer extraction on a concept-based question-answering system. The concept-based question answering system is a system which extract answer using concept information. we have researched the method of answer extraction using concepts which analyzed and extracted through question analysing with answer extracting rules. We analyzed documents including answers and then composed answer extracting rules. Rules consist of concept and syntactic information, we generated candidates of answer through the rules and then chose answer.

• Proceedings of the KAIS Fall Conference
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• 2010.05b
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• pp.755-758
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• 2010

본 논문에서는 현재 Jazz에서 사용되어지는 화성기법을 Pat Metheny의 작품인 “Question & Answer”를 통해서 알아보았다. D Minor Pentatonic Scale이 선율에 주로 사용된 본 작품은 Intro부분에서는 Quater Voicing이 사용되었다. A 부분에서는 Line Cliche와 D Minor Scale과 D Harmonic Minor Scale의 Diatonic Chord를 사용하였지만 A Aeolian Mode적인 기법이 A부분 셋 번째 단에서 사용되어 Modal적인 분위기도 연출 하였으며 B부분에서는 John Coltrane이 자주 사용하였던 3 Tonic 기법이 사용되면서 동질의 화성이 일정간격으로 움직이는 Constant Structure기법도 사용되었다.

• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
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• v.61 no.3
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• pp.495-512
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• 2021

We study the value distribution theory of L-functions and completely resolve a question from Yang [10]. This question is related to L-functions sharing three finite values with meromorphic functions. The main result in this paper extends corresponding results from Li [10].

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.149-160
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• 2007

This study was conducted to investigate the relationships between the patterns of elementary school teachers' explanations and the patterns of students' questions types on scientific phenomena. for the purposes of this study, we collected questions related to scientific phenomena from 255 $3rd{\sim}6th$ students in 2 elementary schools. Classifying the students' questions collected, 20 representative questions for each type were selected. Data regarding teachers' scientific explanation from 62 teachers of 3 elementary schools were also collected. The results of the analysis of the questions for each science field show that the students in the 3rd, 4th, and 5th grades have the most questions regarding biology, and those in the 6th grade have more questions regarding earth science. Regarding question types, object exploration questions and explican exploration questions formed the majority. Moreover, the higher the students' grades, a decrease in the number of conjectural questions and an increase in the number of causal questions were observed. As a result of the analysis of the teachers' explanation, the following explanation types could be discerned; conjecture, hypothesis, prediction, teleological explanation, information given to feed exploration questions, as well as verification and information supply fer verification purposes. There were 4 kinds of relationships between question types and explanation types. One was the explanation fitting to each question type, a second was the explanation with additional content than the question required, a third was where the explanation was inappropriate to the question, and a forth was where the teacher responded that they "don't know." This study, investigating the relationships between questioning as a scientific inquiry process and explanation, will help to promote discussion regarding science classes in elementary school.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.853-863
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• 1999

This study was designed and undertaken to examine the sexual concern and sexual satisfaction in diabetic patients. The data were collected from September to November, 1997. The subjects in this study were 77 diabetic patients who visited to check their blood glucose level to the outpatient department of internal medicine in one of hospitals located in Taejon city. The questionnaires developed by Derogatis L. R. were used. Data were analysed using percentages, means, F-test, done with the SAS program. The results of this study were as follows ; 1) In the question that If the patients want to be counselled about sexual need or not, male and female diabetic patients answered "moderate"(37 patients(48.1%). 2) In the question that if the patients are worry for their sexual life or not because of present illness, male and female diabetic patients answered "moderate"(27 patients (35.1%). 3) In the question that If the patients worried about sexual life, they wish to counsell for who, the majority of patients answered that want to counsell the medical doctor(49 patients(64.5%). 4) In the question that if a medical team is concerned about patient's sexual need or not, the patients usually answered negatively. 5) In the question of attitude about masturbation, male and female answered that they think it doesn't matter if they maintain privacy. 6) In the question that if they use professional therapeutic method for sexual act or not, it is highly appeared not using(72 patients(93.5%). 7) In the relationships between the sexual satisfaction and the sex, age, the period of disease, want to counselling about sexual need, the concern of the medical team about sexual need of the Patients showed statistically significant differences.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.10
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• pp.25-34
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• 2020

Community question and answering service is one of the main sources of information and knowledge in the Web. The quality of information in question and answer documents is determined by the clarity of the question and the relevance of the answers, and the readability of a document is a key factor for evaluating the quality. This study is to measure the quality of documents used in community question and answering service. For this purpose, we compare the frequency of occurrence by vocabulary level used in community documents and measure the readability index of documents by institution of author. To measure the readability index, we used the Dale-Chall formula which is calculated by vocabulary level and sentence length. The results show that the vocabulary used in the answers is more difficult than in the questions and the sentence length is longer. The gap in readability between questions and answers is also found by writing institution. The results of this study can be used as basic data for improving online counseling services.

• East Asian mathematical journal
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.183-207
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• 2024

This study is a case study that considered fractional senses and fraction operation abilities for 107 gifted students in elementary school classes. In order to find out the fractional sense, in the first question comparing the sizes of fractions 2/3 and 4/5, the students showed a variety of strategies, but the utilization rate of strategies excluding reduction to a common denominator did not exceed 50%. The second question can be solved by using the first question. It is a problem of finding two fractions by selecting four from six numbers 1, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 to create two fractions of which sum does not exceed 1. The percentage of correct answers to this question was about 27% (29 out of 107). Only 5 out of 29 students found answers using the first question, and the rest of the students sought answers through trial and error in various calculations. It shows that the item arrangement method from a deductive perspective has no significant effect on elementary school students. The percentage of correct answers was about 27% in the questions to find out the fraction operation ability-the question of drawing a 4/3 bar using a given 3/8-sized bar and 30.7% (23 out of 75) of the students who had wrong answers showed insufficient splitting operation. In addition, it has been shown that the operation of partitioning and iterating to form numerical senses and fractional concepts related to the fractions of the students has no significant impact.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.209-215
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• 2005

In this paper, we describe the answer pattern for definitional question-answering system. The .answer extraction method of a definitional question-answering system is different from the general answer extraction method because it presents the descriptive answer for a definitional question. The definitional answer extraction using the definitional answer pattern can extract the definitional answer correctly without the semantic analysis. The definitional answer pattern is consist of answer pattern, conditional rule and priority to extract the correct definitional answer. We extract the answer pattern from the definitional training corpus and determine the optimum conditional rule using F-measure. Next, we determine the priority of answer patterns using precision and syntactic structure. Our experiments show that our approach results in the precision(0.8207), the recall(0.9268) and the F-measure(0.8705). It means that our approach can be used efficiently for a definitional question-answering system.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.346-356
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• 2022

The jurisprudential legal rules govern the way Muslims react and interact to daily life. This creates a huge stream of questions, that require highly qualified and well-educated individuals, called Muftis. With Muslims representing almost 25% of the planet population, and the scarcity of qualified Muftis, this creates a demand supply problem calling for Automation solutions. This motivates the application of Artificial Intelligence (AI) to solve this problem, which requires a well-designed Question-Answering (QA) system to solve it. In this work, we propose a QA system, based on retrieval augmented generative transformer model for jurisprudential legal question. The main idea in the proposed architecture is the leverage of both state-of-the art transformer models, and the existing knowledge base of legal sources and question-answers. With the sensitivity of the domain in mind, due to its importance in Muslims daily lives, our design balances between exploitation of knowledge bases, and exploration provided by the generative transformer models. We collect a custom data set of 850,000 entries, that includes the question, answer, and category of the question. Our evaluation methodology is based on both quantitative and qualitative methods. We use metrics like BERTScore and METEOR to evaluate the precision and recall of the system. We also provide many qualitative results that show the quality of the generated answers, and how relevant they are to the asked questions.