• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.57-64
• /
• 1980

The purpose of the study was to find out the relationship between experienced stressful events and its coping behavior within mentally wellness and illness, and to define the effective coping method under the stressful situation. By doing so, during the period of April, 1978- to March, 1979 the objects of this study were 100 persons who were under the psychiatric facilities in their first hospitalization, and who were registered in psychiatric out patient department in the form general hospitals located at Seoul selected as a experimental group. As a control group 100 persons who never experienced psychiatric treatment who were not under the current medical treatment, and who were tarring appropriate social roles in their community were selected, and in both groups utilized questimaires for Social Readjustment Pating Scale and Coping Scale. This study was tested by X$^2$ examinationand by F-ratio（analysis of variance). Results were as follows : Hypothesis 1. The actually experienced life events were expected to be higher in the experimental group than in the control group, but they did not show the significant difference between the groups.（ p >0.05) Thus hypothesis 1 was rejected. Hypothesis : 2. The stress scores were expected to be higher in the experimental group than in the control group, and also did show the significant difference between the groups ( p< 0.05）. Therefore hypothesis 2 was supported. Hypothesis 3. The non-effective coping behavior were expected to be higher in the experimental group than in the control group, and also did show the significant difference between the two groups(p < 0.001). Also hypothesis 3 was supported. Hypothesis 4 . The higher stress score groups (above 250 LCU ) were expected to utilize non.effective coping method more frequently than in the lower stress score groups (below 249 LCU ), and not only they showed high in utilizing non-effective coping method but also showed high in utililzing effective coping method. Thus hyphothesis 4 was partially supported. (p < 0.001) The following are drawn out based on the result of this study that the stress scores were higher, and more utilized non-effective coping method in the emotionally disturbances than in the emtionally healthies.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers Conference
• /
• v.y2005m4
• /
• pp.1-1
• /
• 2005

Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency(JAXA) has been conducting research and development of the Scramjet engines and their derivative combined cycle engines as hypersonic propulsion system for space access. Its history will be introduced first, and its recent advances, focusing on the engine performance progress, will follow. Finally, future plans for a flight test of scramjet and ground test of combined cycle engine will be introduced. Two types of test facilities for testing those hypersonic engines. namely, the 'Ramjet Engine Test Facility (RJTF)' and the 'High Enthalpy Shock Tunnel (HIEST)' were designed and fabricated during 1988 through 1996. These facilities can test engines under simulated flight Mach numbers up to 8 for the former, whereas beyond 8 for the latter, respectively. Several types of hydrogen-fueled scramjet engines have been designed, fabricated and tested under flight conditions of Mach 4, 6 and 8 in the RJTF since 1996. Initial test results showed that the thrust was insufficient because of occurrence of flow separation caused by combustion in the engines. These difficulty was later eliminated by boundary-layer bleeding and staged fuel injection. Their results were compared with theory to quantify achieved engine performances. The performances with regards to combustion, net thrust are discussed. We have reached the stage where positive net thrust can be attained for all the test coditions. Results of these engine tests will be discussed. We are also intensively attempting the improvement of thrust performance at high speed condition of Mach 8 to 15 in High Enthalpy Shock Tunnel (HIEST). Critical issues for this purposemay be air/fuel mixing enhancement, and temperature control of combustion gas to avoid thermal dissociation. To overcome these issues we developed the Hypermixier engine which applies stream-wise vortices for mixing enhancement, and the M12-engines which optimizes combustor entrance temperature. Moreover, we are going to conduct the flight experiment of the Hypermixer engine by utilizing flight test infrastructure (HyShot) provided by the University of Queensland in fall of 2005 for comparison with the HIEST result. The plan of the flight experiment is also presented.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
• /
• v.18 no.4
• /
• pp.425-430
• /
• 2009

This experiment was investigated to select suitable cultivars for the hydroponics of sweet pepper in the alpine area in summer. Sweet pepper plants were grown in the greenhouse in Jinbu (550m above sea level), Pyungchang, Korea. Seeding and transplanting of the 12 sweet pepper cultivars were done in February and April, respectively. The sweet pepper fruits were harvested every week from July to November. Seven cultivars were chosen from the 12 tested cultivars. 'Special' and 'Cupra' for red, 'Boogie', 'Fellini' and 'President' for orange, and 'Fiesta' and 'Derby' for yellow had more fruit sets, the more percentage of standardized products for the export to Japan, and higher yield than the other cultivars. This result has shown various characteristics among or within the cultivars. This study would provide the basic database of cultivars and give the information about control vegetative and reproductive growth to the farmers cultivating sweet pepper.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
• /
• v.1 no.1
• /
• pp.1-14
• /
• 1988

According to oriental clinic effect findings hitherto, Pilyongbangkamgil-Tang has been curative effects on chronic pharnygitis, acute tensillitis and angina. Auther tried to make clear the anti-inflammatory effect on rat paw which has become edema formation by $5\%$ of acetic acid／saline solution, and the analgesic effect on mouse thorough method of acetic acid because the medicine decoction of Kamipilyongbangkamgil-Tang, Pilyongbangkamgil-Tang, and the extracted powder of Pilyongbangkamgil-Tang are administered to rat and mouse. In present report, anti-inflammatory, analgesic effect of Pilyongbangkamkil-Tang, the extracted powder of the above prescription and Kamipilyongbangkamgil-Tang were estimated by the above test. The results are summarized as follows. 1. Kamipilyongbangkamgil-Tang (liquid), Pilyongbangkamgil-Tang and the extracted powder of Pilyongbangkamgil-Tang were tested for analgesic effects; Kamipilyongbangkamgil-Tang has the most effective analgesic function, then Pilyongbangkamgil-Tang, then the extracted powder, and I found that the t-test of those above prescriptions, in this order, should come to the result of voluntariness P〈0.001, P〈0.02, and P〈0.05 respectively. 2. Analgesic effects of pilyongbangkamgil-Tang and the extracted powder against the mouse pain induced by acetic acid have been strengthened by increase of double dosage and 4 fold dosage. 3. With Pilyongbangkamgil-Tang and Kamipilyongbangkamgil-Tang treated for rat, the increasing and the inhibitory rate of rat paw edema formation showed significantly statistical values, and the anti-inflammatory effect of the extracted powder of Pilyongbangkamgil-Tang is not supported so long than Pilyongbangkamgil-Tang. 4. The anti-inflammatory effect of Kamipilyongkamgil-Tang on the edema formed at the rat paw appeared significantly statistical value than the other sample.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
• /
• v.28 no.3
• /
• pp.321-330
• /
• 2009

This study investigated the effects of teaching-learning lesson plan using cognitive acceleration instructional strategies applied to the unit, 'The Light and Shadow' in elementary school. Two classes of the second grade elementary students (N=63) in Chungcheongbukdo districts were assigned to control and treatment groups each, and were taught about 'The Light and Shadow' for 8 class hours. For the treatment group, teaching-learning lesson plan using cognitive acceleration instructional strategies developed by this research was applied. The traditional instruction by textbook and teacher's guides was used for the control group. All students were tested with the test for concept of the shadow and the test for academic achievement about the unit. As the result of the post-test, the scores of the treatment group were higher than those of the control group. However, it was not statistically meaningful difference. The scores of the treatment group were significantly higher than those of the control group in the delayed-post-test for concept of the shadow. No significant interaction was observed with respect to the students' gender, instruction and pre-level for the concept of the shadow. Data analysis indicated that the scores of the treatment group were significantly higher than those of the control group in the post-test and delayed- post-test for the concept of the shadow in the area of object permanence. Our research work shows the effectiveness of the teaching-learning lesson using cognitive acceleration instructional strategies for the development for concept of the shadow for elementary school students, and suggests the necessity for this kind of teaching-learning program in the fields.

• Archives of design research
• /
• v.20 no.3 s.71
• /
• pp.257-268
• /
• 2007

The development of Human Computer Interface has been relied on the development of technology. Mice and keyboards are the most popular HCI devices for personal computing. However, device-based interfaces are quite different from human to human interaction and very artificial. To develop more intuitive interfaces which mimic human to human interface has been a major research topic among HCI researchers and engineers. Also, technology in the TV industry has rapidly developed and the market penetration rate for big size screen TVs has increased rapidly. The HDTV and digital TV broadcasting are being tested. These TV environment changes require changes of Human to TV interface. A gesture recognition-based interface with a computer vision system can replace the remote control-based interface because of its immediacy and intuitiveness. This research focuses on how people use their hands or arms for command gestures. A set of gestures are sampled to control TV set up by focus group interviews and surveys. The result of this paper can be used as a reference to design a computer vision based TV interface.

• Archives of design research
• /
• v.20 no.3 s.71
• /
• pp.289-298
• /
• 2007

The EGI system is a new communication method in limelight for helping disabled users to input and handle information on the computer more easily. However, due to the EGI system's "JEM(Jittery Eye Movements)" generation, it actually increases heavy psychological and physiological stresses for the user to input or perceive the target information on a machine. This study illustrates how to resolve this "JEM" issue and suggests a method that is easy and simple to be controled by anyone. A demo tool was built and tested to find and prove the reasons for "JEM" This test shows that that the case with snap up is less stressful than without to input text as a final result of the test evaluation in both psychological snap up and physiological brain wave test. Postnatal or naturally acquired, it is found that the disabled can have opportunities for smoother communication, and a possible efficient system development for better communication.

• Archives of design research
• /
• v.19 no.1 s.63
• /
• pp.129-140
• /
• 2006

In this study, I would like to suggest a new model of web navigation design which can enhance old-aged users web usability. I would like to prove that when users enjoy web navigation design, older-users access information much more effectively. Using a survey, suggest some types of web navigation designed for old-aged users. After that, based on the result of the prepatory survey, I conducted an experiment with 4 types of web navigation designs, which have been developed to reflect varying stages of comprehensibility. My survey focused three points. First I tested whether they lost their way while searching for information. Secondly, if they did lose their way, I checked whether they could recover from their errors and find their way back. Thirdly, I investigated whether layout, location and size of the web navigation design factors affected usability. The results of my survey indicated that old-aged users spend the shortest time, have the easiest interface, and have least error incidence under the web navigation design to enhance old-aged users web usability.Thus, developing a web navigation design for old-aged users can encourage older people to be more involved with the internet, especially in the aging society.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
• /
• v.23 no.6 s.84
• /
• pp.19-30
• /
• 2005

The objective of this research is to keep track of path travel time using methods of collecting traffic data. Users of traffic information are looking for extensive information on path travel time, which is referred to as the time taken for traveling from the origin to the destination. However, all the information available is the average path travel times, which is a simple sum of the average link travel times. The average path travel time services are not up to the expectation of traffic information consumers. To improve provide more accurate path travel time services, this research makes a number of different estimates of various path travel times on one path, assuming it will be under the same condition, and provides a range of estimates with their probabilities to the consumers, who are looking for detailed information. To estimate the distribution of the path travel times as a combination of link travel times. this research analyzes the relation between the link travel time and path travel time. Based on the result of the estimation. this research develops the algorithm that combines the distribution of link travel time and estimates the path travel time based on the link travel times. This algorithm was tested and proven to be highly reliable for estimating the path traffic time.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
• /
• v.14 no.6
• /
• pp.26-34
• /
• 2000

The considerations for remaining life of ACSR (Aluminum Stranded Conductors Steel Reinforced) in transmission lines have become gradually important to hold reliability and stability of power supply. The remaining life of ACSR exposed to the atmosphere for a long period may rely on deterioration caused by environmental indices such as atmospheric corrosion, galvanic corrosion, crevice corrosion and fatigue corrosion. One of reduction of useful life in overhead transmission lines built on the ridge of mountain is often caused by forest fires.This paper deals with investigation of strength deterioration performance of ASCR due to fires through several testing and analyzing data for tension load and extension of blazed ACSR. Test samples are ACSR 480[$\textrm{mm}^2$] conductors, which are artificially fired to regular durations. Mechanical properties such as tension load and extension for fired ACSR conductors are tested and estimation functions for mechanical performances corresponding to fire duration are determined. As a result, it can be verified that both tension load and extension of ACSR are reduced by increasing fire duration. Hence, it is obvious that ACSR due to forest fires may lead to mechanical deterioration.