• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.91-102
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• 2023

Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of a digital group reminiscence program on elderly patients with mild dementia who were registered with Day Care Centers. Methods: The study was conducted with elderly patients with mild dementia in Day Care Centers in D city. The patients were randomly assigned to either the experimental group or the control group and were assessed for cognitive function, depression, and ego integrity using pre-test and post-test designs. A digital group reminiscence program was applied to the experimental group. Data was collected from July 5 to September 17, 2021, using questionnaires in three sessions. Results: The pre-test cognitive function score was 12.00 in the experimental group and 11.09 in the control group. The post-test cognitive function score was 19.20 in the experimental group and 14.42 in the control group. The later cognitive function score was 18.00 in the experimental group and 13.31 in the control group. The pre-test depression score was 8.32 in the experimental group and 9.91 in the control group. The post-test depression score was 6.05 in the experimental group and 8.82 in the control group. The later depression score was 6.94 in the experimental group and 9.02 in the control group. The pre-test ego integrity score was 41.39 in the experimental group and 39.55 in the control group. The post-test ego integrity score was 57.95 in the experimental group and 51.41 in the control group. The later ego integrity score was 55.88 in the experimental group and 42.15 in the control group. Cognitive function, depression, and ego integrity showed significant differences according to group (p<.05), time (p<.001), and interaction between group and time (p<.01). Conclusion: The digital group reminiscence program was found to be effective in improving cognitive function and ego integrity and reducing depression in elderly patients with mild dementia. Further research is needed to explore the effects of repetitive digital group recall programs based on the progress, course, age, and communication level of dementia.

• Journal of KIISE:Computing Practices and Letters
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.86-99
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• 2007

Packet filtering is to filter out potentially malicious network packets. In order to test a packet filtering function we should verify whether security policies are performed correctly as intended. However there are few existing tools to test the function. Besides, they need user participation when generating test cases or deciding test results. Many security administrators have a burden to test systematically new security policies when they establish new policies or modify the existing ones. To mitigate the burdens we suggest a new test method with minimal user articipation. Our tool automates generation steps of the test cases and the test oracles, respectively. By using the test oracles generated automatically, deciding test results is possible without user intervention. Our method realizes an automatic testing in three phases; test preparation phase, test execution, and test evaluation. As a result it may enhance confidence of test activities more highly. This paper describes the design and implementation of our test method and tool.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.11 no.7
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• pp.59-71
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• 2020

The purpose of this study is to determine whether vision therapy improves symptom and visual perceptual skills in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder tendency who have visual problems. The subjects of this study were 10 children. Before and after vision therapy, the visual function test, developmental test of visual-motor integration, test of visual perceptual skills, and ADHD rating scale test were performed. Vision therapy was conducted twice a week for a period of 6 months to 1 year. After vision therapy, all subjects achieved normal ranges of visual function, sensory fusion, stereoacuity, vergence function, and convergence. The visual function and visual perceptual skill were improved and the score for ADHD symptoms was reduced. Therefore, it seems that vision therapy can be used to improve the symptoms and visual perception of children with ADHD.

• Physical Therapy Korea
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.50-58
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• 2009

The purpose of this study was to test that motor skill training enhance motor function and cerebellar development. Using an animal model of fetal alcohol syndrome-which equates peak blood alcohol concentrations across developmental period-critifical periods for the effect of alcohol on body and cerebellar weigh was examined. The effect of motor skill training on motor function and cerebellar development of rat exposed alcohol on postnatal days 4 through 10 were studied. Newborn rats were assigned to one of two groups: (1) Control group (CG), via artificial rearing to milk formula and (2) experimental groups (EG), via 4.5g/kg/day of ethanol in a milk solution. After completion of the treatments, the pups were fostered back to lactating dams, and wearing they were raised in standard caged until they were postnatal 48 days. Rats from experimental group of postnatal treatment then spent 10 days in one of two groups: Experimental group II (EGII) was had got motor skill training (training traverse a set of 6 elevated obstacles) for 4 weeks. Experimental group I (EGI) was not trained. Before sacrificing, the rat got examined two behavioral test, body weigh and cerebellar weigh, then coronal sections were processed. The section was investigated the Purkije cell in the cerebellum using light microscope. The results of this study were as follows. 1. In body weight test, the outcome of alcohol groups were significantly lower than the normal group. 2. In cerebellar weight test, the outcome of EGI were significantly lower than CG and EGII. 3. In motor behavioral test, the outcome of EGI was significantly lower than NG and EGII. 4. In Purkinje cells counting test, the outcome of EGI was significantly lower than the NG and EGII. These result suggest that improved motor function induced by motor skill training after postnatal exposure is associated with dynamically altered expression of Purkinje cells and that is related with cerebellar function. Also, these data can potentially serve as a model for therapeutic intervention.

• Journal of Sasang Constitutional Medicine
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.18-27
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• 2019

Objectives The purpose of this study is to estimate the differences in sensory responses(Visual, Auditory, Olfactory and Taste responses) among Sasang Constitution. Methods We recruited 90 healthy subjects who were divided into three groups(30 Soeumin, 30 Soyangin, 30 Taeeumin). First, subjects saw the photo of 'the dress' and were asked to answer three questions about 'the dress'. And we evaluated auditory function by a Tone Deaf Test(TDT) and Adaptive Pitch Test(APT). Olfactory function was evaluated by using Korean Version of Sniffing' Sticks(KVSS) Test II and Taste function was evaluated by using taste strips. Results and Conclusion 1. Overall, 60% of subjects described 'the dress' as blue/black(B/B); 23.3% as white/gold(W/G); 16.7% as something else, and the difference in the proportion of reporting color of 'the dress' was statistically significant. 2. As the result of analysis of taste strips according to Sasang constitution, there was significant difference that Soyangin scored higher than Soeumin in sweet taste score. 3. As the results of analysis of auditory function test(TDT, APT) and that of olfactory function test(KVSS Test II) according to Sasang constitution, there were no statistically significant differences.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2002.05a
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• pp.980-985
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• 2002

Several tests are performed to evaluate road booming noise. Baseline test delivers the information of road noise characteristics. Coupling effect between structure and acoustics is obtained from the mode shapes and the natural frequencies by the modal test. Equivalent stiffness at joint areas between chassis and car-body system can be determined by the input point inertance test. Noise sensitivity of body mounting point of a chassis part can be obtained from the noise transfer function test with input point inertance test. Operational deflection shape makes us analyze the actual vibration modes of the chassis system under actual loading and find noise sources very easily. finally, the transfer function analysis is used to identify noise paths through the chassis system. However, all of the tests above mentioned must be performed to evaluate road booming noise. The objectives and the procedures of the tests are described in this paper. Also, the guideline for efficient road noise evaluation test can be found.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.1-8
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• 2024

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation (PNF) abdominal muscle strengthening exercise on the activity, posture, and body function of clients with abdominal muscle weakness after cesarean section. Methods: PNF abdominal muscle strengthening exercise was applied to one patient with abdominal muscle weakness after cesarean section. PNF abdominal muscle strengthening exercise was applied five times a week for four weeks. The 5-time supine-to-long sitting test (5-TSLST) and supine-to-stand test (SST) were used to measure activity, and the pelvis tilt angle test (PTAT) and anterior head translation test (AHTT) were used to measure posture. Body function was assessed using the transverse abdominis muscle strength test (TAMST), the internal oblique and external oblique muscle strength test (IOEOMST), and the rectus abdominis muscle strength test (RAMST). Results: Activity, posture, and body function were improved post-intervention. Conclusion: The study verified that PNF abdominal muscle strengthening exercises are effective when applied to patients with abdominal muscle weakness after cesarean section. The findings of this study provide useful data for future interventions in patients with abdominal muscle weakness after cesarean section.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.6
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• pp.114-123
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of lower extremity strengthening program on balance, gait and upper limb function in patients with stroke. This study was a hospital-based with Central nerve system lesion patients, randomized controlled trial with a blinded assessor. Twenty four hemiparetic stroke patients were divided into two groups: a Lower extremity strengthening program group (LESPG)(n=12) and a Treadmill training group (TTG)(n=12). The LESPG performed a Lower extremity strengthening program on the affected side. The TTG exercised on a treadmill for 30 minutes a day. Assessment tools included the Timed Up and Go test (TUG), the Functional Gait Assessment (FGA) and the Manual Function Test (MFT). There was a significant difference in TUG, FGA, and MFT scores between the two groups in the LESPG for the balance, gait, and upper limb function than for the TTG(p<.01). Results of the present study indicated that the effect of lower extremity strengthening program for 4 weeks had an effect on balance, gait and upper limb function of hemiplegic patients after stroke.

• Sleep Medicine and Psychophysiology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.60-66
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• 2000

Objectives: The Psychopathology of schizophrenia was expected to be related with focal dysfunction of brain while schizophrenia is recognized and studied as the brain disease. Authors studied correlation between neuropsychological tests and delusion which is representative symptom of schizophrenia in patients with head trauma and psychiatric patients in order to explore the functional localization of brain in delusional symptom. Methods: Halstead Reitan Neuropsychological Test Battery and Korean Weschler Intelligent Scale and Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory(MMPI) were administered to one hundred ninteen patients consisted of sixty nine psychiatric patients and fifty patients with brain damage. We tested correlation between results of neuropsychological tests and delusional scale made from twenty four items related with delusion in MMPI. T-test between eighteen higher delusion scorers and twenty one lower scorers was examed in psychiatric group. Results: In brain damage group, signigicant correlations were found in the tests related with function of frontal lobe such as category test, trail making AB test, tactual performance test, digit symbol test and fingertip number writing test, and significant correlations were also noted in the tests related with function of left temporal and parietal lobes such as information, comprehension, vocabulary, similarities and speech sound perception test. The tests related with the function of right hemisphere such as tactual performance test location, picture completion and performance, and the tests related with subcortical function such as arithmetic, digit span, attention, digit symbol test, digit symbol and trail making AB test were signigicantly corelated with delusional scale too. In psychiatric group there were significant difference of delusional score in the tests related with function of left hemisphere such as vocabulary, vocable IQ, comprehension and language, and in the tests related with subcortical function such as N 120 voltage, digit symbol and arithmetic. Conclusions: Delusion seems to be related with function of frontal lobe, left hemisphere and subcortex in both groups. Right hemisphere may be also partially related with delusion.

• Korean Journal of Biological Psychiatry
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.194-203
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• 2008

Objectives : This study was aimed at evaluating the relationship between somatic symptoms, depression, anxiety and cognitive function in the patients with Mild Traumatic Brain Injury(MTBI). Methods : Thirty seven patients with MTBI were selected from those patients who had visited the Department of Neuropsychiatry of Wonkwang University Hospital from 2003 to 2007. To assess and quantify the somatic symptoms, depression and anxiety, Personality Assessment Inventory(PAI) was used. Assessment of cognitive function was carried out by using Korean Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale(K-WAIS), Rey-Kim Memory Test, and Kims Executive Function Test. The effects of somatic symptoms, depression, and anxiety on the cognitive function were evaluated by Pearson correlation test. Results : Somatic symptoms, depression, and anxiety, all showed inverse correlation to cognitive function. Specifically, 1) an increase in somatic symptoms was associated with a decrease in attention, verbal short term memory, verbal recall and recognition, and visual memory. 2) An increase in anxiety was associated with a decrease in verbal recall and recognition. 3) An increase in depression was associated with a decrease in cognitive function that requires high attention and verbal memory. Conclusion : The patients with MTBI displayed diverse symptoms ranging from cognitive impairment to somatic symptoms, depression, and anxiety. Somatic and emotional symptoms were correlated with cognitive function(especially executive function). Importantly, this study raises the possibility of treating the cognitive impairment associated with MTBI by treating somatic symptoms, depression, and anxiety.