• 제목/요약/키워드: test activity

검색결과 6,957건 처리시간 0.039초

도시빈곤여성의 건강가치, 건강통제위성격 및 자아존중감과의 관계 (Value of Health, Multidimensonal Health Locus of Control and Level of Self-esteem in Low Income Mothers)

  • 이광옥;양순옥
    • 지역사회간호학회지
    • /
    • 제7권1호
    • /
    • pp.52-68
    • /
    • 1996
  • As a product of poverty, health means the physical, mental and social instability caused by poverty. High mortality, high morbidity, and unsatisfied needs for medical care indicate the health condition of poor people. These indicators are related to the social and psychological property. This study is to develop an effective method of nursing in the poor family which is an essential unit in the nursing field of the community and to which a fundamental approach is need as a top priority. We can make such a study, though partially, by revealing the relationship among the Health-value, Health Locus of Contol, and the Level of Self esteem. We randomly sampled 243 women who are participating in the nursing department of the comnnity nursing centers in Seoul. We investigated by using questionaries and made an analysis on the result by SAS program. The result of this investigation can summarized as follows : 1. The average age of the subjects investigated is 43.4 and the participation rate in the economic activity is as high as 49.4%. Most of them are paid daily. The average members of the family are 4.28 persons, and 80.2% of which are nuclear families. The type of housing is as follows:51.4% are monthly-rent houses. Rent houses represent 23.5%. And 43.6% of the subjects graduate the high schools 2. The level of self-esteem possessed by the subjects is 37.17. The quality of task performance(3.46) and the morality(3.53) are low as compared with the other qualities. 3. In relation to the locus of control, internality is 22.39, the influence of powerrful others represents 20.24, and the effect of chance occurance is 16.41. 4. The orderings of value scale are the physical and mental health, comfortable life, happiness, mental peace, and pleasure. The lowest order is social recognition. 5. Considering in relation to the self-esteem and the locus of control, we found out that there is a negative relationship among the self-esteem, the influence of powerful others. The lower the level of self-esteem is, the higher the influence of powerful others is. There is also a negative relationship among the detailed items such as the qualities, and the positive attitude. 6. In a significant test in the general characters of the subjects and in the level of self-esteem, we can obtain the follwing results. The higher the economic level is, the higher the level of self-esteem is. And the higher the level of satisfaction with life is, the higher the level of self-esteem is. 7. In the locus of control, the higher the economic level is, the higher the internality is. 8. In the health-level, 75.72% represent the high health -level. And the group which has the low satisfaction with life represents the high level of health-value(81.6%). With these results, we can conclude that the level of self-esteem possessed by the poor women living in the city is high and that they have the multi-dimemsional health-value even though they are living in the poor condtions. Traditionally, the poverty has been recognized as an unfavorale factor in the health care. But this study shows that the poverty is no longer an unfavorale factor and, on the contrary, it has a potential power with which people can improve their health by possessing the high self-esteem and the high health value. The ultimate purpose which the nursing task of the community has is to make the patients keep and improve their own health. So, when the nurses approach the poor patients, the nurses should put an emphasis on the individual responsibilities of the patients, and respect their own health value.

  • PDF

Nurse Substation 운영이 직접간호시간 증가에 미치는 효과 (The effects of the direct nursing care hours with establishment of the nurse substations)

  • 이정희;성영희;권인각;이순규;정연이;허성이;류성숙;김정숙
    • 간호행정학회지
    • /
    • 제3권2호
    • /
    • pp.61-80
    • /
    • 1997
  • The purpose of this study is to measure the direct and indirect nursing care hours with establishment of nurse substations and compare the experimental nursing units with the existing nursing units For this study, two experimental nursing units: (1) a medical nursing unit and (2) a surgical nursing unit with a nurse substation were selected. And two control nursing units : (1) a medical nursing unit and (2) a surgical nursing unit without a nurse substation were selected. After a three-month experimental operation from June 1 to August 31,1996, research data were collected for three days from September 2 to 4, 1996. We investigated the effects of the direct & indirect nursing care hours with establishment of the nurse substations (improved nursing environment) without adding the staff nurses. The effect of establishment of the nurse sub-station was measured for the differences direct & indirect nursing care hours between experimental and control nursing units. An investigator measured the time for a staff nurse to practice each nursing activity and recorded it every minute. Percentage, average, standard deviation, t-test and ANOVA were used for data analysis. The results are as follows: 1. There was no significant difference between the experimental and control nursing units in staffs' working hours during their shift. 2. There were significant diffferences between the experimental and control nursing units in dierct nursing care hours (t=0.0288, p=0.0001) and indirect nursing care hours (t=0.3886, p=0.0103) per patient. 3. There was significant difference between the experimental and control nursing units in direct nursing care hours done by nurses(t=0.0012, p=0.0111) and aids(t=0.3011, p=0.0027). There was significant difference between the experimental and control nursing units in indirect nursing care hours done by head-nurses(t=0.0051, p=0.0253), nurses(t=0.0071, p=0.0024) and aids (t=0.3227, p=0.0351). There was significant difference between the experimental and control nursing units in indirect nursing care hours done by nurses(t=0.0005, p=0.0015) and aids(t=0.2400, p=0.0013) per patient. There was significant difference between the experimental and control nursing units in indirect nursing care hours done by head-nurses(t=0.0005, p=0.0379) and nurses (t=0.0035, p=0.0198) per patient. 4. Thre were significant differences between the experimental and control nursing units in direct nursing care hours (t=0.1134, p=0.0010) and indirect nursing care hours (t=0.7106, p=0.0008) per staff during the day shift. There were significant differences between the experimental and control nursing units in direct nunsing care hours during the day(t=0.0723, p=0.0003) and evening shift (t=0.0004, p=0.0285) per patient, and indirect nursing care hours during the day shift(t=0.5565, p=0.0036) per patient. 5. There were differences between the experiemental and control nursing units in dircet nursing activities including measurement and observation, medication, communication, teratment, hygiene, and nutrition, and in indirect nursing activities including confirmantion, communication, record, computer work, management of goods. But it was not statistically proven. 6. There was difference between the experimental and control nursing units in unmet-need nursing care hours per patient, but not statistically proven.

  • PDF

생발음(生髮飮)-II 피부도포가 C57BL/6 마우스의 육모촉진에 미치는 효과 (Study on Effect of Saengbal-eum-II(Shēngfà-yĭn-II)on Hair Regrowth Promotion in C57BL/6 Mice)

  • 한애리;손낙원;정석희;김성수;송미연
    • 한방재활의학과학회지
    • /
    • 제19권4호
    • /
    • pp.95-113
    • /
    • 2009
  • Objectives : Saengbal-eum-II($Sh{\bar{e}}ngf{\grave{a}}-y{\breve{i}}n-ll$) is a hair care product which is composed of ten plant extracts used in oriental medicine. This study was carried out to investigate the effects of Saengbal-eum-II($Sh{\bar{e}}ngf{\grave{a}}-y{\breve{i}}n-ll$) on hair regrowth and cytokine changes in a shaving model of C57BL/6 mice. Materials and Methods : Five-week-old mice were acclimated for 1 week at a temperature between $21-23^{\circ}C$, 40-60% relative humidity, and 12h of a light/dark cycle before beginning of the experiment. There were three experimental groups including 50% ethanol (EtOH, control), a positive control of 3% Minoxidil, and 30% Saengbal-eum-II($Sh{\bar{e}}ngf{\grave{a}}-y{\breve{i}}n-ll$) in 50% ethanol in 18 female mice. The test compounds were topically treated once a day over 12 days. The hair regrowth was photographically and histologically determined during the experimental period of 12 days. Revelation of EGF, $TGF-{\beta}1$ and IL-6 in hair follicle were also determined using immunohistochemistry. In addition to that, IL-6, $TNF-{\alpha}$, and $IL-1{\beta}$ in skin tissue were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA). Results : Hair regrowth in 3% Minoxidil and Saengbal-eum-II($Sh{\bar{e}}ngf{\grave{a}}-y{\breve{i}}n-ll$) groups was promoted earlier and faster than the control group. Concentrations of hairs and thick-hair ratio in 3% Minoxidil and Saengbal-eum-II($Sh{\bar{e}}ngf{\grave{a}}-y{\breve{i}}n-ll$) groups were promoted than the control group. EGF was moderately positive in hair follicle of 3% Minoxidil and Saengbal-eum-II($Sh{\bar{e}}ngf{\grave{a}}-y{\breve{i}}n-ll$) groups, but negative in the control group. $TGF-{\beta}1$ was not significantly difference between the groups. IL-6 in hair follicle of Saengbal-eum-II($Sh{\bar{e}}ngf{\grave{a}}-y{\breve{i}}n-ll$) group was negative, but weakly positive in 3% Minoxidil and control group. IL-6 and $IL-1{\beta}$ in skin tissue were significantly decreased in Saengbal-eum-II($Sh{\bar{e}}ngf{\grave{a}}-y{\breve{i}}n-ll$) group, but there was not significantly decreased in 3% Minoxidil and control group. $TNF-{\alpha}$ in skin tissue was significantly decreased in 3% Minoxidil and Saengbal-eum-II($Sh{\bar{e}}ngf{\grave{a}}-y{\breve{i}}n-ll$) groups. Conclusions : These results suggest that Saengbal-eum-II($Sh{\bar{e}}ngf{\grave{a}}-y{\breve{i}}n-ll$) has hair growth promoting activity and it can be used for treatment of alopecia. And these effects relate to EGF revelation of hair follicle and a decrease IL-6, $TNF-{\alpha}$, and $IL-1{\beta}$ in skin tissue.

고지방식이로 유도한 지방간 마우스에서 기장 첨가식이가 지방간 및 인슐린 저항성에 미치는 영향 (Effect of Hog Millet Supplementation on Hepatic Steatosis and Insulin Resistance in Mice Fed a High-fat Diet)

  • 박미영;장환희;이진영;이영민;김재현;박재학;박동식
    • 한국식품영양과학회지
    • /
    • 제41권4호
    • /
    • pp.501-509
    • /
    • 2012
  • 비알코올성 지방간은 인슐린저항성을 근간으로 하는 대사증후군의 원인으로 생각되고 있으며 최근 그 발병율이 증가하고 있다. 본 연구진은 기장 열수추출물을 식이에 첨가하여 고지방식에 의해 인위적으로 지방간을 유도한 마우스에게 섭취시킨 후 혈청 내 생물학적 수치와 간조직 검사를 통하여 비알코올성 지방간 억제 효과를 검토하였다. 그 결과, 식이섭취량은 차이가 없었으나 간조직 무게가 1% 및 2% 기장 열수추출물 첨가식이군에서 유의적으로 감소하였고(p<0.05) 간조직 내 지방 축적이 유의적으로 감소하였음을 확인하였다. 또한 기장 열수추출물 첨가식이군의 경우 고지방식 대조군에 비해 혈청 중성지방 및 총 콜레스테롤이 감소하였고(p<0.05), HDL과 HDL-/총 콜레스테롤의 비율이 유의적으로 증가하여(p<0.05) 혈액의 지질 조성이 개선되었음을 알 수 있었다. HOMA-IR 및 포도당 내성 검사 결과 2% 기장 열수추출물 첨가군의 경우 이들 모두 유의적으로 감소하여 고지방식에 의한 인슐린 저항성 및 당흡수 부전을 기장 열수추출물이 완화시켰다(p<0.05). 한편 간조직에서 지방산 대사와 관련된 인자들의 유전자 발현을 측정한 결과 지방산 합성에 관여하는 L-FABP와 SCD1은 2% 기장 열수추출물 섭취군에서 유의적으로 감소하였고(p<0.05) 지방산 산화와 관련된 $PPAR{\alpha}$는 1% 및 2% 기장 열수추출물 섭취군에서 모두 유의적으로 증가하였다(p<0.05). 이상의 혈청 및 조직의 생물학적 수치와 간조직 검사 결과를 미루어 볼 때 기장 열수추출물 첨가 식이는 고지방식이에 의해 유도된 마우스의 비알코올성 지방간 치유 혹은 예방에 긍정적으로 기여할 수 있음을 시사해 준다.

인성교육을 위해 기술·가정교과 '가족의 이해' 단원에 ARCS 동기유발 전략을 적용한 교수·학습 과정안 개발 및 평가 (Development of Technology·Home Economics teaching-learning plans using ARCS strategies to improve character for middle school students: Focusing on the unit of 'Understanding families')

  • 강지민;유난숙
    • 한국가정과교육학회지
    • /
    • 제30권1호
    • /
    • pp.29-42
    • /
    • 2018
  • 본 연구의 목적은 기술 가정과의 인성교육 실현을 위해 ARCS 동기유발 전략을 적용한 인성교육 교수 학습 과정안을 개발하여 수업을 실시한 후, 가정과 수업이 청소년의 인성변화에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는지 그 효과를 분석하는데 있다. 수업은 광주광역시에 위치한 M중학교의 남학생 4학급 110명을 대상으로 2017년 3월 6일부터 4월 7일까지 총 5주간 9차시의 인성교육 수업이 실시되었다. 또한 학습자의 수업 평가, 수업 전 후 인성수준 평가를 통해 수업의 효과를 살펴보았다. 본 연구의 단계 및 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, '가족의 이해' 단원의 인성교육 수업을 위하여 9차시의 교수 학습 과정안이 개발되었다. 본 교수 학습 과정안은 ARCS 동기 유발 전략을 적용하여 학습자의 학습 흥미도를 높이고 인성요소를 고려하여 중학생의 인성을 향상하기 위한 것이다. 교수 학습을 위해 중학교 기술 가정 '가족의 이해' 단원에서 총 9차시의 교수 학습 과정안을 개발하고, 활동지(14), PPT자료(2)를 개발하였다. 둘째, ARCS 동기유발 전략을 적용한 인성교육 수업을 받은 중학생은 인성의 하위 항목 (성실, 배려 소통, 책임, 자기조절, 정직 용기, 지혜, 정의) 모두에서 유의한 차이가 나타났다. 따라서 ARCS를 적용한 인성교육 수업은 중학생의 인성을 함양하는데 긍정적 효과를 보였다고 할 수 있다. 셋째, ARCS 동기유발 전략을 적용한 인성교육 수업은 학습자의 수업의 만족도를 높여주었다. 척도형 설문조사를 실시한 결과 수업에 대한 전반적인 평가 4개의 문항에서 72.3%가 '매우 그렇다'로 응답하였다. 좋았던 점과 아쉬웠던 점을 묻는 개방형 질문에는 '재미있었고, 가족에 대해 더 잘 알 수 있었고 조 활동이 많아 배려와 협동심이 늘어날 수 있어 좋았다.' 등의 응답으로 학습자들이 인성교육 수업에 즐겁게 참여하였다는 것을 알 수 있었다. 단 필기내용이 많아 힘들어 하는 학생들이 있으므로 좀 더 효율적인 지도 방안을 모색할 필요가 있다. 개발된 ARCS 동기유발 전략을 적용한 기술 가정과 인성교육 교수 학습 과정안과 학습 자료는 학생들의 인성 역량을 강화하는 기초 자료로 활용이 되길 기대한다.

유산균 발효에 의한 율피(Castanea crenata inner shell) 열수추출물의 아토피 피부 질환에 관한 효과 연구 (Anti-allergic activities of Castanea crenata inner shell extracts fermented by Lactobacillus bifermentans)

  • 최미옥;김배진;조성경;정희경;이진태;김학윤;권대준
    • 한국식품저장유통학회지
    • /
    • 제20권4호
    • /
    • pp.583-591
    • /
    • 2013
  • 본 연구에서는 밤나무 과실의 속껍질인 율피를 이용하여 알레르기성 피부질환 기능성 원료로 사용 가능성을 조사하였다. 율피 열수추출물과 율피 발효추출물의 총 폴리페놀 함량은 1 mg/mL에서 각각 $73.85{\pm}1.78$, $81.32{\pm}1.73{\mu}g/mL$였으며, 동일한 농도에서 총 플라보노이드 함량은 $18.72{\pm}0.20$, $14.70{\pm}0.21{\mu}g/mL$로 나타났다. 항산화 활성으로 율피 열수 추출물과 율피 발효추출물의 전자공여능은 1 mg/mL에서 각각 $73.74{\pm}1.18$, $67.17{\pm}1.87%$로 나타났으며, superoxide anion radical 소거능은 동일한 농도에서 각각 $91.58{\pm}2.51$, $100.15{\pm}4.30%$로 두 그룹 간 항산화 활성은 큰 차이를 보이지 않았다. HS68 세포를 대상으로 율피 열수추출물과 율피 발효추출물에 대한 세포 독성을 조사 한 결과, 율피 발효추출물에서 율피 추출물과 비교 시 세포 생존율이 1.33배 증가하였다. 또한 LPS로 유도된 RAW264.7 대식세포에서 0.05 mg/mL 율피 열수추출물과 율피 발효추출물 처리에 의한 NO생산량은 각각 $36.27{\pm}4.52$, $29.56{\pm}4.91{\mu}M$로 율피 발효 추출물 처리군에서 항염증 활성이 유의적으로 높았다. 아토피 유발 NC/Nga 마우스 모델에서 율피 열수추출물 및 율피 발효추출물을 도포하여 육안 상 관찰한 피부 병변은 율피 열수추출물 처리군에서 대조군과 비교해 피부 형태학적으로 일부 호전되는 경향을 보였으나, 율피 발효추출물 처리군은 멜라닌 함량과 피부 홍반의 감소 등 뚜렷한 개선효과를 보였으며 정상군과 유사한 피부 형태를 나타내었다. 또한 피부에 존재하는 염증성 사이토카인인 IL-$1{\beta}$와 TNF-${\alpha}$의 발현이 율피 열수추출물과 비교 시 율피 발효추출물에서는 각각 13.68, 3.63% 억제되었다. 이는 in vitro 실험과 유사하게 염증과 관련된 유전자의 발현을 저해함으로써 율피 발효추출물이 염증억제 효과는 물론 항아토피 효능을 나타내는 것으로 여겨진다. 따라서 율피 열수추출물 뿐만 아니라 율피 발효추출물 역시 아토피 피부질환을 개선하는데 유용한 물질로 활용될 수 있는 효과적인 조성물이라 사료된다.

LPS로 유도된 RAW 264.7 Cell과 마우스 모델에 대한 넓패(Ishige sinicola) 에탄올 추출물의 항염증 효과 (Anti-inflammatory effects of Ishige sinicola ethanol extract in LPS-induced RAW 264.7 cell and mouse model)

  • 김지혜;김민지;김꽃봉우리;박선희;조광수;김고은;쉬 시아오통;이다혜;박가령;안동현
    • 한국식품저장유통학회지
    • /
    • 제24권8호
    • /
    • pp.1149-1157
    • /
    • 2017
  • 본 연구에서는 넓패 에탄올 추출물의 항염증 효과를 알아보기 위해 RAW 264.7 세포에 LPS로 유도된 염증 반응 in vitro 및 in vivo 실험을 실시하였다. RAW 264.7 세포에 LPS와 함께 세포를 배양하였다. 먼저 MTT assay 실험을 통해 넓패 에탄올 추출물이 모든 농도(0.1, 1, 10, 50, $100{\mu}g/mL$)에서 세포독성을 나타내지 않는 것을 학인 하였다. 또한 모든 농도에서 염증억제 효과를 살펴 본 결과, LPS 처리구는 iNOS, COX-2, NF-${\kappa}B$ 그리고 MAPKs의 발현양을 증가 시켰으나, 넓패 에탄올 추출물의 경우 염증 반응에 관여하는 전사인자인 NF-${\kappa}B$와 MAPKs의 활성을 억제함으로써 항염증 효과를 나타내었다. 마지막으로 넓패 에탄올 추출물의 mast cell의 피부 조직학적 변화를 알아본 결과, control의 경우 진피와 경피의 면적이 확장 되어있고, mast cell의 침윤이 정상 군에 비하여 현저하게 증가함을 알 수 있었다. 반면에 넓패 에탄올 추출물의 경우 대조군에 비해 진피와 경피의 두께가 줄었으며 mast cell의 침윤감소에 효과가 있는 것을 확인하였다. 따라서 모든 결과를 종합하였을 때 넓패 에탄올 추출물이 항염증 치료제 뿐만 아니라 더 나아가 항염증에 유용한 기능성 식품소재로써 가치가 높다고 사료된다.

LED광원에 따른 감초 지상부의 생리활성 및 성분 평가 (A Comparative Study of Physiological Activity and Ingredient Analysis of Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fischer Stems and Leaves Cultivated with Different Wavelength of LED Lights)

  • 방극수;장영남;진종식;박상아;임재수;박정섭;김종성;이정호
    • 한국자원식물학회지
    • /
    • 제28권1호
    • /
    • pp.126-134
    • /
    • 2015
  • LED 광원을 달리하여 재배한 감초지상부의 항산화, 항돌연변이원성을 평가하였다. BL-0에서 DPPH 라디칼 소거활성에서 $EC_{50}$$3.02{\pm}0.13{\mu}g/ml$와 ABTS 라디칼 소거활성은 $EC_{50}$$2.18{\pm}0.18{\mu}g/ml$와 환원력이 가장 높게 나타났다. 폴리페놀함량은 $2.93{\pm}0.11g/100g$으로 가장 높게 나타났으며, RL-0에서는 항산화 활성이 가장 낮게 나타났다. 항돌연변이원성 평가에서 직접변이원인 1-NP에 대해 모든 실험군에서 돌연변이 억제효과를 나타냈으며, 간접변이원인인 Trp-P-1, Trp-P-2, $AFB_1$에 대해서는 BL-0에서 가장 높은 돌연변이 억제효과를 나타냈고, 2-AA에서는 RL-1에서 돌연변이 억제가 높게 나타났다. 청색광 LED (650 nm)와 적색광 LED (450 nm)를 이용하여 재배한 감초지상부의 성분변화를 관찰하기 위해 GC/MS를 이용해 분석한 결과 25분에서 RL-1에서만 cytidine이 검출되었고, 37분에서 BL-0에서만 2-bromotrimethylene glycol이 특정적으로 검출되었다. 이는 LED광원 조건에 따라 감초 경엽의 성분이 차이가 있음을 보여준다. 이 성분들이 생리활성에 어떤 영향을 주는지는 더 검토해야할 부분이다.

본태성 고혈압 환자의 자기실현 및 욕구구조에 관한 연구 (Manifest Weeds and Self-Actualization of Patients with Essential Hypertension)

  • 강익화
    • 대한간호학회지
    • /
    • 제8권1호
    • /
    • pp.163-180
    • /
    • 1978
  • Much of a person's energy is spent in the effort of becoming a productive member of to-day's complex society. This activity may cause tension, and chronic unrelieved tension is an influential factor in blood pressure elevation. The problem of this study was to identify manifest needs and self-actualization of patients with essential hypertension, and to analyse and compare their manifest needs and selt-actualization with the selected general characteristics of We, sex, religion, occupation and level of education with a control group of patients with normal blood pressure readings. The purpose was to contribute to the planning of nursing interventions toward reducing the impact of complex psycho-somatic factors on the anxiety of patients with essential hypertension. The instruments used included selected items from the Edwards (1959) Personal Preference Schedule (EPPS) as adapted by Hwang (1965) and from the Personal Orientation Inventory (POI) (Shostrom 1964, 1974) adapted by Kim and Lee (1977) to measure manifest needs and self-actualization. The convenience sample was chosen from 149 persons who presented themselves for general physical examinations at Ewha University Medical Centre and 41 patients diagnosed with essential hypertension at three general hospitals in Seoul during June 1 and August 31, 1977. Forty-nine persons from the Ewha group with blood-pressure readings exceeding 150/90 were added to the experimental group. Data were analysed by the S.P.S.S. computer programme using t-test and tests for statistical significance. Statistically significant findings were as follows: A. Blood Pressure and Manifest Needs. 1. with the exception of Autonomy, patients with hypertension had significantly high scores on all variables Abasement, Achievement, Affiliation, Aggression, Dominance, Emotionality, Exhibitionism and Sex. 2. When mean scores of normal persons were compared by age groups, normal persons had higher scores in the following order on Abasement (50's, 40's, 20's, 30's), Achievement (50's, 30's, 40's, 20's), Affiliation (50's, 40's, 30's, 20's), Dominance (50's, 40's, 40's, 20's) and Exhibitionism (30's, 50's, 40's, 20's). In each case, there was a significant difference between the first and last age group scores. 3. When the mean scores of normal persons were compared by sex, normal men had higher scores than women on Achievement, Affiliation, Aggression, Dominance, Exhibitionism and Sex. Male patients had higher scores than female patients on Achievement, Dominance, Exhibitionism and Sex, but female patients scored higher in Emotionality. 4. Normal persons had higher scores related to religion in the following order on Achievement (Buddhism, no religion, Christianity). Hyper tensive patients had higher scores on. Exhibitionism (no religion, Christianity, Buddhism). 5. Normal persons had higher scores related to occupation in the following order on Achievement and Exhibitionism (unemployed, office workers, teachless, businessmen), Emotionality (office workers, unemployed, businessmen, teacher) and Sex (office workers, unemployed, teachers, businessmen). Hypertensive patients had higher scores on Achievement and Aggression (teachers, businessmen, office worker, unemployed), Dominance and Exhibitionism (businessmen, teacher, of ace workers, unemployed) and Sex (teachers, office worker, businessmen, unemployed). 6. Normal persons had higher scores related to level of edification in the following order on Abasement, Emotionality and Autonomy (secondary school graduation, university). Hypertensive patients had higher scores on Abasement (no education, primary, university, secondary), Achievement (no education, secondary, university, primary) , Dominance (university, no education, secondary, primary), Exhibitionism (university, secondary, no education, primary), and Sex (university, secondary, primary, no education). B. Blood Pressure and Self_Actualization 1, Patients with hypertension had significantly lower scores on all variables. 2. Normal persons had higher scores related to age groups in the following order on Existentiality (20's, 30's, 40's, 50's). Hypertensive patients showed no significantly different scores. 3. Normal women had higher scores than men on Time Competence. Normal men had higher scores on Feeling Reactivity. Male patients had higher scores than women on Self-Actualizing Value and Self-Regard. 4. Normal persons ha 1 higher scores related to religion on spontaneity (Buddhism, no religion, Christianity). Hypertensive patients had higher scores on Time Competence and Nature of Man (Buddhism, Christianity, no religion). 5. Normal persons had higher scores related to occupation in the following order on Existentiality (teachers, office workers, businessmen, unemployed) and Self-Regard (unemployed, office workers, teachers, businessmen). Hypertensive patients showed no significantly different scores. 6. Normal persons had higher scores related to level of education in the following order on Existentiality and Self-Acceptance (university, secondary). Hypertensive patients had higher scores on inner-Director (university, secondary, no education, primary) and Existentiality (university, secondary, primary, no education). Recommendations for nursing interventions with hypertensive patients with emotional problems or low self-actualization were made. 1. The nurse should encourage the patient through her interactions with other members of the medical team to accept counselling and health education. 2. Through her therapeutic interpersonal relationships with the patient, the nurse should help him discover the causes of his emotional tension. 3. Through her health teaching with the family, the nurse should encourage them to participate with the medical team in the patient's therapeutic plan and in providing him with the minimum possible emotional support. 4. Through frequent counselling with the obsessive-thinking and inflexible patient, the nurse should reevaluate the patient's behaviour and her interventions. 5. Seriously ill patients should be given needed reeducation by members of the professional medical team.

  • PDF

아로니아 착즙액 첨가 튀김어묵의 품질특성 (Quality characteristics of fried fish paste with squeezed Aronia melanocarpa juice)

  • 윤재웅;정고운;김동현;남기호;심길보;장미순
    • 한국식품저장유통학회지
    • /
    • 제24권1호
    • /
    • pp.13-20
    • /
    • 2017
  • 본 연구는 아로니아를 이용한 다양한 가공식품의 개발에 대한 일환으로 튀김어묵 제조에 아로니아의 기능성 성분을 활용하고자 아로니아 착즙액을 첨가하여 튀김어묵을 제조한 후 품질특성을 조사하여 기능성 식품 개발을 위한 기초자료를 제공하고자 하였다. 아로니아 착즙액을 물 양 대비 0, 2, 7, 12%를 첨가한 어묵을 제조한 다음 일반성분, 산도, 당도, pH, 색도, 절곡검사, 조직감, 관능적 특성을 평가하였다. 첨가구의 일반성분은 대조구와 차이는 없었으며, 시판어묵과는 유의적인 차이가 있었다(p<0.05). 시판어묵, 대조구 및 첨가구의 산도는 0.10-0.11%, 당도는 $2.77-3.10^{\circ}Brix$로 첨가구의 경우 아로니아 착즙액의 첨가량이 증가함에 따라 높아지는 경향이었고, pH는 6.44-7.11으로 아로니아 착즙액의 첨가량 증가에 따라 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. 첨가군의 L 값과 b 값은 첨가량이 증가함에 따라 낮아졌으며, a 값(redness)은 높아지는 경향을 나타내었다. 절곡검사 결과는 아로니아 착즙액의 첨가유무와 첨가량에 관계 없이 모두 AA로 측정되었고, 어묵의 조직감은 강도(strength), 경도(hardness)와 씹음성(chewiness)의 경우 아로니아 착즙액의 첨가량이 증가함에 따라 높아졌으며, 시판어묵과 대조구는 유사하게 측정되었다. 응집성(cohesiveness)은 시판어묵, 대조구 및 첨가구간에 차이는 나타나지 않았다. 총 폴리페놀 함량 측정결과 시판어묵과 대조구는 비슷하게 측정되었고, 첨가군은 착즙액의 첨가량에 비례하여 증가하였다. DPPH radical 소거능 측정결과 대조구에 비해 첨가구의 $IC_{50}$ 값이 낮게 측정되어 아로니아 착즙액의 첨가량이 증가할수록 항산화활성도 증가하는 것으로 나타났으며, 시판어묵의 경우 12% 첨가구와 유사한 DPPH 소거능을 나타내었다. 관능평가는 색, 향, 조직감, 맛, 전반적인 기호도 평가에서 7% 첨가구와 시판어묵이 높은 점수를 받았다. 이상의 결과를 통하여 아로니아 착즙액을 첨가하여 튀김어묵을 제조할 때 첨가하는 아로니아 착즙액의 양은 7%가 가장 적합할 것으로 사료된다.