• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제85권2호
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• pp.244-250
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• 1996

솔잎혹파리의 저항성인자(抵抗性因子)를 소나무, 해송, 버지니아소나무 및 해송${\times}$버지니아소나무에 대하여 조사(調査)하였다. 성충(成蟲)이 산란(産卵)을 위해 수종(樹種)의 선호성(選好性)과 침엽(針葉)에서 추출(抽出)된 방향물질(芳香物質)인 terpenoid와 phenolic compound에 대한 유충(幼蟲)의 생물학적(生物學的) 검정(檢定)을 실시(實施)하였다. 솔잎혹파리의 성충(成蟲)은 산란(産卵)을 위해서 수종(樹種)에 관계없이 전수종(全樹種)에 비산(飛散)하여 산란(産卵)을 하였으나 충영 형성율(形成率)은 버지니아소나무에는 0%, 해송${\times}$버지니아소나무는 9%, 소나무와 해송은 각각(各各) 25.6%, 22.2%이었다. 그러므로 솔잎혹파리는 버지니아소나무에는 산란(産卵)을 하나 유충(幼蟲)이 자라지 못하고 폐사(斃死)함으로 침엽내(針葉內)에는 솔잎혹파리에 대한 저항성물질(抵抗性物質)이 있는 것으로 추측(推測)되며 소나무류(類)에서 휘발(揮發)되는 terpenoid는 솔잎혹파리의 성충(成蟲)을 유인(誘引) 혹은 기피성물질(忌避性物質)이 아니었으며 또한 신초(新梢)에서 휘발생(揮發生)되는 terpenoids 및 송지(松脂)는 솔잎혹파리 유충(幼蟲)의 폐사(斃死)에 영향을 주지 않는 것으로 나타나고 있다. 솔잎혹파리의(幼蟲)을 사육(飼育)한 결과(結果)는 버지니아소나무 침엽(針葉)에서 추출(抽出)한 phenolic compounds, salicylic acid와 chitinase의 용액(溶液)위에서는 유충(幼蟲)의 폐사율(斃死率)이 각각(各各) 89%, 92%, 86%이나 소나무에서 추출(抽出)한 phenolic compounds와 gallic acid에서는 56%, 57%이었다. 그러므로 버지니아소나무의 침엽내(針葉內)에는 솔잎혹파리에 대한 저항성물질(抵抗性物質)이 함유(含有)되어 있는 것으로 생각되며 salicylic acid와 chitinase는 솔잎혹파리에 대한 저항성물질(抵抗性物質)로 추측된다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.313-318
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• 1998

당근의 재배지역별 부위별 휘발성 terpenoids의 함량을 direct headspace sampling 방법으로 분석하여 비교하였다. 당근 심부(xylem)와 표피부(phloem)의 terpenoids 함량을 비교한 결과, ${\alpha}-pinene$의 경우 심부에 1.06ppm 표피에 2.73ppm, ${\beta}-pinene$은 각각 0.45ppm, 1.71ppm, ${\beta}-myrcene$은 0.85ppm, 1.84ppm, limonene은 0.48ppm, 1.34ppm, ${\gamma}-terpinene$은 1.60ppm, 3.01ppm, terpinolene은 2.71ppm, 21.15ppm, total terpenoids는 7.15ppm, 31.76ppm으로 모든 휘발성 terpenoids가 당근 심부에 비해 표피부에 다량 분포되어 있었다. 또한 당근을 윗부위(crown), 중간부위(midsection), 말단부위(tip)로 3등분한 후 각각에서 휘발성 terpenoids 성분을 분석한 결과, ${\alpha}-pinene,\;{\beta}-pinene,\;{\beta}-myrcene,\;{\gamma}-terpinene$의 경우 말단부위에 비해 윗부위에 많이 분포하는 경향을 보였으며, terpinolene과 total terpenoids의 경우 말단부위에 많이 분포하는 경향을 보였다. 당근 재배 지역별 terpenoids의 함량을 비교한 결과, 제주에서 재배된 당근이 양산 및 해남에서 재배된 당근에 비해 다량의 휘발성 terpenoids를 함유하고 있었는데, total terpenoids의 경우 품종에 따라 양산에 비해 $1.6{\sim}2.3$배, 해남에 비해 $1.5{\sim}2.4$배나 높았다. 제주에서 재배된 당근의 휘발성 terpenoids가 높은 원인을 조사하기 위해 제주, 양산, 해남에서 당근이 재배된 토양을 채취하여 물리적, 화학적 특성을 조사한 결과, pH는 3개 지역에서 차이를 보이지 않았으나 유기탄소 함량, 전질소 함량, 양이온 치환용량, 치환성 양이온 등에서 제주토양이 양산토양에 비해 $2.4{\sim}3.0$배, 해남토양에 비해 $3.9{\sim}7.1$배나 높았다. 토양의 물리성을 조사한 결과, 제주의 당근 재배토양은 미사가 많은 양토(loam)였으며, 양산의 당근 재배토양은 모래가 많은 사양토(sandy loam), 해남의 당근 재배토양은 점토가 많은 식양토(clay loam)로 밝혀졌다.

• 한국결정학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.66-74
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• 2005

다양한 생리활성을 가지는 marine natural products는 일반적인 secondary metabolites와 유사한 구조를 가지는데, 염소, 브롬, 요오드의 할로겐 원소에 의해 수식이 되어있는 것이 일반적이다. Vanadium haloperoxidase는 이러한 marine natural products의 생산에 중요한 효소로 vanadate를 조효소로 하는 금속효소이다. 본 리뷰에서는 vanadium haloperoxidase의 분리와 단백질 구조를 살펴보고, 이 금속효소의 작용기작에 대해서 설명할 것이다. 마지막으로, vanadium haloperoxidase의 반응성과 secondary metabolites 중 indole, terpenoids, acetogenins의 생합성 예를 살펴볼 것이다.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.269-274
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• 2013

Nine terpenoids, spinasterone (1), simiarenol (2), phytol (3), lupeol (4), ${\alpha}$-amyrin (5), $1{\beta},4{\beta}$-dihydroxyeudesman-11-ene (6), 3,7-dihydroxyhumula-4,8(15),10(E)-triene (7), 2,6-dihydroxyhumula-3(12),7(13), 9E-triene (8), 23-hydroxybetulin (9) were isolated from the aerial parts of Aster yomena M. Their structures were identified based on 1D and 2D NMR, including $^1H-^1H$ COSY, HSQC, HMBC and NOESY spectroscopic analyses. Compounds 1 - 9 were isolated from this plant for the first time.

• 대한약학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한약학회 2002년도 Proceedings of the Convention of the Pharmaceutical Society of Korea Vol.2
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• pp.373.1-373.1
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• 2002

Twenty Artemisia species are distributed in South Korea and rich in terpenoids. Artemisia rubripes (Compositae) has been used as a Korean traditional medicine for stomachache. vomiting. diarrhea and hemostatic agent. The antimutagenic effect and essential oils of Artemisia rubripes were reported, but phytochemical study has not been fully investigated. As part of our systematic study on the terpene constituents of Artemisia species. we have investigated A. rubripes (1 kg) collected at Dae-Kwan ryung. Gangwon Province on Aug. 1997. (omitted)

• 대한화학회지
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• 제68권4호
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• pp.199-204
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• 2024

Chamaecyparis obtusa (Siebold & Zucc.) Endl. is an evergreen tree of the family Cupressaceae well known for its unique scents. The seed extract of this cypress tree was phytochemically investigated to isolate a novel abietane-diterpene compound (1) along with fifteen known terpenoids (2-16). All of the isolated compounds were subjected to the screening of antimicrobial activities against Cutibacterium acnes and Staphylococcus epidermidis including erythromycin resistant strains. Among the isolates, 1α-hydroxy-hinokione (1), hinokione (3), 1,2-dehydrohinokione (4) and ferruginol (9) showed significant antibacterial activities against both acne-causing strains. This study demonstrated that abietane-type diterpenoids are the main antibacterial components in C. obtusa seed extract, and some isolated compounds can be further developed as potential acne-treatment agents.

• 한국식물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국식물학회 1999년도 춘계학술발표대회:발표논문요지록
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• pp.7-7
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• 1999

• 농업생명과학연구
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• 제53권3호
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• pp.17-26
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• 2019

Chamaecyparis obtusa is one of the economical conifers planted in Korea due to its good quality timber and wood characteristics. Individuals of C. obtusa containing high terpenes (HT) and low terpenes (LT) were selected for by colorimetric method. The HT of C. obtusa was delayed in wilting against various abiotic stresses compared to the LT plants. The HT group exposed to UV did not significant influence the chlorophyll content, and the chlorophyll value was higher in the HT group than the LT group. Also, chilling treatment (5℃) did not significant influence on the chlorophyll content. However treatment at -4℃ showed relatively low chlorophyll content in the LT group than the HT group. Plants exposure to high temperature was not a difference between the HT and the LT group. However, treatment at 38℃ influenced the chlorophyll content that was increased exposure time-dependently. In salt treatments, chlorophyll in the HT group was lower at high concentrations (300 and 500 mM) of NaCl. However, chlorophyll content increased to slightly in treatment time-dependently, which is 6.7% to 40%. H2O2 treatment has been a negative effect on the chlorophyll content in the HT group. All concentration of H2O2 decreased the chlorophyll content of 5% to 35%. Plants containing high terpenoids were resisted against some abiotic stress such as salt and H2O2. Our results implied that terpenoids could cause various abiotic stress resistance. These results could be utilized for efficient management and biomass production during forest silvicultures.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.36-44
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• 2021

The essential oils from the aerial parts (leaves and flowers) of Spiraea hypericifolia L. (Rosaceae), collected in Northern Kazakhstan, were obtained by distillation in two dispersion media (distilled water and 15% NaCl solution). The chemical composition of the essential oils was evaluated by GC-MS for the first time. The yield of the essential oil was 0.04% (in fresh growth conditions) and 0.02% (in dry growth conditions) respectively regardless of which dispersion media (H2O or 15% NaCl solution) was used at the isolation of essential oil. The main compounds were aliphatic hydrocarbons (alkanes) (40.6-53.2%), aldehydes (8.4-17.4%), diterpenoids (9.1-16.7%) and ketones (6.2-8.7%). Content of monoterpenoids was depended on dispersion media (2.2-3.6% where H2O was dispersion media and 8.4-8.5% where 15% NaCl solution was dispersion media). n-Heneicosane (17.4-34.1%) and n-tricosane (14.3-19.5%) were the main constituents of the essential oil of S. hypericifolia. There were many insects from different classes in S. hypericifolia at flowering. Important components such as α-methylene-γ-butyrolactone (0.8-2.8%), benzyl cyanide (0.7-1.1%), β-damascenone (1.2-2.9%), (E,E)-4,8,12-trimethyl-1,3,7,11-tridecatetraene (1.8-2.7%), β-ionone (0.5-1.8%) and others were detected in small amounts.

• ALGAE
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.359-377
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• 2017

Pyropia haitanensis (T. J. Chang et B. F. Zheng) N. Kikuchi et M. Miyata is one of the most commercially useful macroalgae cultivated in southeastern China. In red algae, the biosynthesis of terpenoids through 2-C-methyl-D-erythritol 4-phosphate (MEP) pathway can produce a direct influence on the synthesis of many biologically important metabolites. In this study, two genes of cDNAs, 1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate synthase (DXS) and 1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate reductase (DXR), which encoding the first two rate-limiting enzymes among MEP pathway were cloned from P. haitanensis. The cDNAs of P. haitanensis DXS (PhDXS) and DXR (PhDXR) both contained complete open reading frames encoding polypeptides of 764 and 426 amino acids residues, separately. The expression analysis showed that PhDXS was significant differently expressed between leafy thallus and conchocelis as PhDXR been non-significant. Additionally, expression of PhDXR and its downstream gene geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase were both inhibited by fosmidomycin significantly. Meanwhile, we constructed types of phylogenetic trees through different algae and higher plants DXS and DXR encoding amino acid sequences, as a result we found tree clustering consequences basically in line with the "Cavalier-Smith endosymbiotic theory." Whereupon, we speculated that in red algae, there existed only complete MEP pathway to meet needs of terpenoids synthesis for themselves; Terpenoids synthesis of red algae derivatives through mevalonate pathway came from two or more times endosymbiosis of heterotrophic eukaryotic parasitifer. This study demonstrated that PhDXS and PhDXR could play significant roles in terpenoids biosynthesis at molecular levels. Meanwhile, as nuclear genes among MEP pathway, PhDXS and PhDXR could provide a new way of thinking to research the problem of chromalveolata biological evolution.