• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2012

IP-based Wireless Sensor Networks (IP-WSNs) are gaining importance for their broad range of applications in health care, home automation, environmental monitoring, industrial control, vehicle telematics, and agricultural monitoring. In all these applications, a fundamental issue is the mobility in the sensor network, particularly with regards to energy efficiency. Because of the energy inefficiency of network-based mobility management protocols, they can be supported via IP-WSNs. In this paper, we propose a network-based mobility-supported IP-WSN protocol called mSFP, or the mSFP: "Multicasting-supported Inter-Domain Mobility Management Scheme in Sensor-based Fast Proxy Mobile IPv6 Networks". Based on [8,20], we present its network architecture and evaluate its performance by considering the signaling and mobility cost. Our analysis shows that the proposed scheme reduces the signaling cost, total cost, and mobility cost. With respect to the number of IP-WSN nodes, the proposed scheme reduces the signaling cost by 7% and the total cost by 3%. With respect to the number of hops, the proposed scheme reduces the signaling cost by 6.9%, the total cost by 2.5%, and the mobility cost by 1.5%. With respect to the number of IP-WSN nodes, the proposed scheme reduces the mobility cost by 1.6%.

• 전자공학회논문지A
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• 제29A권4호
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• pp.38-48
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• 1992

OEIC(Optoelectronic Integrated Circuit)'s can be integrated horizontally or vertically. Horizontal integration approach is, however, more immune to parasitic and more universally applicable. In this paper, a structural modeling, fabrication and characterization of PIN photodiodes which can be used in the horizontal integration are performed. For device modeling, we build a transmission line model from 2-D device simulation, from which lumped model parameters are extracted. The speed limits of the PIN photodiodes can also be calculated under various structural conditions from the model. Thus optimum design of horizontally integrated PIN photodiodes for high speed operation are possible. Such InGaAs/InP PIN photodiodes for long-wavelength communications are fabricated using pit etch, epi growth, planarization, diffusion and metallization processes. Planarization process using both RIE and wet etching and diffusion process using evaporated Zn$_{3}P_{2}$ film are developed. Characterization of the fabricated devices is performed through C-V and I-V measurements. At a reserve bias of 10V, the dark current is less than 5nA and capacitance is about 0.4pF. The calculated bandwidth using the measured series resistance and capacitance is about 4.23GHz.

• 전자공학회논문지S
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• 제35S권1호
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• pp.1-13
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• 1998

The next generation of wireless network will be problably developed as a mobile communications which will support ATM-based multiMedium traffic. We need to develop an dffective MAC protocol in order to support multimedia traffic having variety of QoS characteristics on wireless neteworks. In this paper, we propose a MAC protocol a MAC protocol where mobile terminals having cells to transmit, request slots to base station through requested slot then the base station analyze parameters from mobile and allocate slots to mobile according to priority. The multimedia slot allocation(MSA) protocol divides multimedias applications into real-time/ variant and non real-time services. Entire slots of the frameare partitioned proportionallyby sizeof bandwidth according to types of services, so that related services can use allocated-slots in priority. The proposed algorithm guarantees real time operation since real-time service share slots allocated for non real-real services. The algorithm whih divides slots of the frame is called as an Algorithm A, otherwise as an Algorithm B. The simulation compares by average delay time and cell loss probability between Algorithm and Algorithm B by increasing number of mobile terminal using the proposed MAC protocol. the simulation result for real-time services shows that average delay time and cell loss probability of Algorithm A is better than those of Algorithm B.

• 전자공학회논문지S
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• 제35S권10호
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• pp.27-33
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• 1998

본 논문에서는 ATM 고속위성 버스트 모뎀에 적합한 동기 요소기술과 개선방안을 사용하여 수신기를 설계하고 AWGN 채널 환경하에서 제반 연동평가를 수행하였다. 또한 프리앰블의 진행에 따라 각 동기부가 동작하는 과정을 평균과 분산특성을 이용하여 제시하고 수렴확률을 통해 복조기의 동작상태와 수렴여부를 판단하였다. 결론적으로 UW 검출기와의 연동을 통해 셀 손실율을 분석한 결과 본 논문에서 구현한 버스트 모드 TDMA 수신기는 보편적으로 요구되는 셀 손실율을 충분히 만족함을 알 수 있었다.

• 전자공학회논문지D
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• 제36D권8호
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• pp.1-6
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• 1999

MCM 또는 MIC등에서 광대역 임피던스 정합을 위해 데이퍼 선로를 이용할 때 주파수 영역의 전송 특성만을 고려하는 경항이 있다. 본 논문에서는 테이퍼형 비균일 전송선로에서 디지털 펄스가 전송될 때 시간 영역에서 분산과 반사에 의해 나타나는 신호의 왜곡 특성을 해석하였다. 삼각형과 지수분포형 테이퍼에서 입력과 부하임피던스의 비에 따라 상승/하강 시간을 갖는 펄스를 입력 했을 때 지연과 왜곡 특성을 비교하였다. 위상 정수의 분산 모델은 정확도가 우수한 Kirchning-Jansen의 것을 사용하였으며, 삼각형 테이퍼가 지수형 테이퍼에 비해 시간 지연 특성은 좋게 나타났으나 왜곡이 심하게 나타났다. 시간 영역에서 펄스의 반사 신호의 진폭을 계산하여 나타내었다.

• Journal of Communications and Networks
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.282-295
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• 2007

Due to the nature that high datarate leads to shorter transmission range, the performance enhancement by high datarate 802.11 WLANs may be degraded when applying high datarate to an 802.11 based multihop ad hoc network. In this paper, we evaluate, through extensive simulations, the performance of multihop ad hoc networks at multiple transmission datarates, in terms of the number of hops between source and destination, throughput, end-to-end delay and packet loss. The study is conducted based on both stationary chain topology and mesh topologies with or without node mobility. From numerical results on network performance based on chain topology, we conclude that there is almost no benefit by applying the highest datarate when the chain length is 6 hops or more. With node mobility in mesh topology, the benefit of using high datarate diminishes at even shorter number of hops. To explore the main reasons for this behavior, analyses on multihop end-to-end throughput and network k-connectivity have been conducted later in the paper, and correspondingly an auto-rate adaptation algorithm has been proposed.

• 한국통신학회논문지
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• 제31권6B호
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• pp.527-533
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• 2006

본 논문은 앞으로 산업의 많은 부분에 영향을 미치게 될 ITS(Intelligent Transport System)의 주요 통신 수단인 단거리 전용 통신(DSRC : Dedicated Short Range Communication) 시스템의 성능을 매체 접근 제어(MAC : Media Access Control)단에서의 전송 효율을 분석함으로써 평가하였다. 현재 DSRC는 자동요금징수(ETC : Electric Toll Control)과 버스정보시스템(BIS : Bus Information System) 등의 전송 효율이 시스템이 미치는 영향이 극히 낮은 시스템에 사용되고 있으나, 향후 첨단 운전자 정보 안내 시스템(ADIS : Advanced Driver Information Systems) 또는 첨단차량 및 도로 시스템(AVHS : Advanced Vehicle Highway System) 등과 같은 고도화된 시스템으로 진화할 경우 DSRC의 주요한 매체인 적외선(IR : Infra Red) 방식과 주파수(RF : Radio Frequency) 방식의 MAC 프레임 속성에 따른 서비스의 질은 급격히 변화될 것이다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 그 특성을 전송 속도에 따른 시간의 함수로 구성하여 분석함으로써 이후 다양한 ITS 서비스에 활용할 수 있는 지표를 제공하고자 하였다.

• 전자공학회논문지C
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• 제36C권12호
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• pp.36-46
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• 1999

내장형 시스템의 기능에 대한 요구가 증가할수록 전체 시스템 설계의 복잡도는 높아진다. 복잡한 시스템을 설계하기 위해서는 동일한 환경에서 데이터 처리부분과 제어부분을 대등하게 표현할 수 있는 정형적 설계 환경이 필요하다. 본 논문에서 데이터의 처리는 데이터플로우 모델로 묘사하고, 데이터의 흐름의 제어를 Finite State Machine(FSM)모델로 기술한 후 두 모델의 통신으로 시스템을 표현하였다. 일반적으로 시스템을 기술할 때는 분리된 환경에서 각 부분을 만든 후 이를 최종 단계에서 결합하게 되어 동작을 검증할 수 없었던 반명, 본 환경에서는 초기 설계 단계에서 부분에 적합한 다른 모델로 설계를 한 후 동일한 환경에서 동작을 검증하고 제품을 생산할 수 있다. 특히 논문에서는 두 모델 사이의 신호의 교환 방법을 제시하고 예제를 통해 유효성을 검증해 보았다.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.52-64
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• 1999

QoS monitoring is a kind of real-time systems which allows each level of the system to track the ongoing QoS levels achieved by the lower network layers. For these systems, real-time communications between corresponding transport protocol objects is essential for their correct behavior. When two or more entities are employed to perform a certain task as in the case of communication protocols, the capability to do so is called interoperability and considered as the essential aspect of correctness of communication systems. This paper describes a formal approach on modeling and interoperability test case generation of a real-time QoS monitoring protocol. For this, we specify the behavior of flow monitoring of transport layer QoS protocol, i.e., METS protocol, which is proposed to address QoS from an end-to-end's point of view, based on QoS architecture model which includes ATM net work in lower layers. We use a real-time Input/Output finite State Machine to model the behavior of real-time flow monitoring over time. From the modeled real-time I/OFSM, we generate interoperability test cases to check the correctness of METS protocol's flow monitoring behaviors for two end systems. A new approach to efficient interoperability testing is described and the method of interoperability test cases generation is shown with the example of METS protocol's flow monitoring. The current TTCN is not appropriate for testing real-time and multimedia systems. Because test events in TTCN are for message-based system and not for stream-based systems, the real-time in TTCN can only be approximated. This paper also proposes the notation of real-time Abstract Test Suite by means of real-time extension of TTCN. This approach gives the advantages that only a few syntactical changes are necessary, and TTCN and real-time TTCN are compatible. This formal approach on interoperability testing can be applied to the real-time protocols related to IMT-2000, B-ISDN and real-time systems.

• 전자공학회논문지T
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• 제36T권2호
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• pp.1-7
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• 1999

본 연구는 진공증착중합법에 의해 폴리이미드를 제작하고 박막의 절연파괴특성을 자기절연회복법에 의해 측정하였다. PMDA(Pyromellitic dianhydride)와 DDE(4,4'-diaminodiphenyl ether)를 증착 중합하여 Polyamic-acid(PAA)를 형성하고 이를 열처리함으로서 폴리이미드를 제조하였다. 제조된 박막의 특성을 조사하기 위해 주사형 전자현미경(SEM), 적외선분광장치(FT-IR) 및 오저전자분광장치(AES)를 사용하였다. 절연파괴특성 실험은 동일 시료에서 50회를 반복하였으며 25회 이상에서 절연파괴전계는 포화되었다. 열처리 온도를 200${^\circ}C$, 250$^{\circ}C$, 300$^{\circ}C$ 및 350${^\circ}C$로 변화했을 때 절연파괴전계는 1.21MV/cm, 3.94MV/cm, 4.61MV/cm, 4.55MV/cm로 변화하였다.