• The Journal of Industrial Distribution & Business
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• v.13 no.9
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• pp.1-9
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• 2022

Purpose: This study evaluates the ability to improve the economic welfare of rural communities in Indonesia by using the inequality measures of the distribution of information between leaders and their people as a variable that weakens the capacity of increasing the welfare. Research Design, Data, and Methodology: The research designed by developing an instrument using data validity and reliability testing. Before, primary data collected through interviews, questionnaires, observation, and documentation on the selected respondents. Then, the research method used is mixed methods research, in which quantitative and qualitative methods combined. Result: The finding from this study is that there is an inequality measure in the form of a high gap between the score of information distribution obtained by the village government compared to the score of the community, which has led to the welfare of the village which is still at a moderate level and not ready to become a prosperous society. Conclusion: The weakness of the village community is related to two things, namely the behavior and knowledge of the community about the issues, so the implication is that there must be a strong effort from the central government to ensure that technology is more evenly distributed to all villagers.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.54 no.12
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• pp.4474-4480
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• 2022

Deep geological disposal using a multibarrier system is a promising solution for treating high-level radioactive (HLRW) waste. The HLRW canister represents the first barrier for the migration of radionuclides into the biosphere, therefore, the corrosion behavior of canister materials is of significance. In this study, the electrochemical behaviors of SS316L, Ti-Gr.2, Alloy 22, and Cu in naturally aerated KAERI underground research tunnel (KURT) groundwater solutions were examined. The corrosion potential, current, and impedance spectra of the test materials were recorded using electrochemical methods. According to polarization and impedance measurements, Cu exhibits relatively higher corrosion rates and a lower corrosion resistance ability than those exhibited by the other materials in the given groundwater condition. In the anodic dissolution tests, SS316L exposed to the groundwater solution exhibited the most uniform corrosion, as indicated by its surface roughness. This phenomenon could be attributed to the extremely low concentration of chloride ions in KURT groundwater.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.501-516
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• 2023

Dynamic irregularity and acceleration of bridges subjected to high-speed trains provide crucial information for comprehensive evaluation of the health state of under-track structures. This paper proposes a novel approach for real-time estimation of vertical track dynamic irregularity and bridge acceleration using deep generative adversarial network (GAN) and vibration data from in-service train. The vehicle-body and bogie acceleration responses are correlated with the two target variables by modeling train-bridge interaction (TBI) through least squares generative adversarial network (LSGAN). To realize supervised learning required in the present task, the conventional LSGAN is modified by implementing new loss function and linear activation function. The proposed approach can offer pointwise and accurate estimates of track dynamic irregularity and bridge acceleration, allowing frequent inspection of high-speed railway (HSR) bridges in an economical way. Thanks to its applicability in scenarios of high noise level and critical resonance condition, the proposed approach has a promising prospect in engineering applications.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.55 no.5
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• pp.1527-1532
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• 2023

The noise reduction algorithm using the non-local means (NLM) approach is very efficient in nuclear medicine imaging. In this study, the applicability of the NLM noise reduction algorithm in single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) images with a brain phantom and the optimization of the NLM algorithm by changing the smoothing factors according to various reconstruction methods are investigated. Brain phantom images were reconstructed using filtered back projection (FBP) and ordered subset expectation maximization (OSEM). The smoothing factor of the NLM noise reduction algorithm determined the optimal coefficient of variation (COV) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) results at a value of 0.020 in the FBP and OSEM reconstruction methods. We confirmed that the FBP- and OSEM-based SPECT images using the algorithm applied with the optimal smoothing factor improved the COV and CNR by 66.94% and 8.00% on average, respectively, compared to those of the original image. In conclusion, an optimized smoothing factor was derived from the NLM approach-based algorithm in brain SPECT images and may be applicable to various nuclear medicine imaging techniques in the future.

• The Journal of Economics, Marketing and Management
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.15-27
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• 2023

Purpose: Taking Tesla Motors as a case study object, this research aims to summarize the management strategy of Tesla Motors through an evaluation of its business models in Korea and China then helps other new energy automobile enterprises in formulating strategic directions in a targeted manner. Research design, data and methodology: Using the case study method, this study conducts in-depth research on the business model of Tesla, a representative enterprise of the new energy automobile industry. This study mainly uses secondary data obtained from the official websites to support our research. Results: With its top-level innovative technology, distinctive marketing model, and extensive strategic model, Tesla holds the largest share of the new energy vehicle market. Local market brands such as BYD and Hyundai-Kia still have a considerable competitive advantage, and there is a need to learn from each other for further development. Conclusions: To adapt to the needs of economic transformation and environmental development, implementing business strategies related to new energy automobile enterprises is a topic worthy of study. Enterprises such as BYD and Hyundai-Kia have unique advantages in their home markets. However, as sustainable development progresses, these advantages will gradually weaken, and further measures are necessary to maintain their competitive advantage.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.56 no.5
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• pp.1845-1853
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• 2024

The setpoint of the reactor trip system shall be set to consider the measurement uncertainty of the instrument channel and provide a reasonable and sufficient margin between the analytical limit and the trip setpoint. A comparative analysis was conducted to find out an appropriate uncertainty combination method through an example problem. The four methods were evaluated; 1) ISA-67.04.01 method, 2) the GUM95 method, 3) the modified GUM method developed by Fotowicz, and 4) the modified IEC61888 method proposed by authors for the pressure instrument channel presented in ISA-RP67.04.02 example. The appropriateness of each method was validated by comparing it with the result of Monte Carlo simulation. As a result of the evaluation, all methods are appropriate when all measurement uncertainty elements are normally distributed as expected. But ISA-67.04 method and GUM95 method overestimated the channel uncertainty if there is a dominant input element with rectangular distribution among the uncertainty input elements. Modified GUM95 methods developed by Fotowicz and modified IEC61888 method by authors are able to produce almost the same level of channel uncertainty as the Monte Carlo method, even when there is a dominant rectangular distribution among the uncertainty components, without computer-assisted simulations.

• Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology(JNFCWT)
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.9-16
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• 2024

The bentonite buffer material is a crucial component in an engineered barrier system used for the disposal of high-level radioactive waste. Because a large amount of heat from the disposal canister is released into the bentonite buffer material, the thermal conductivity of the bentonite buffer is a crucial parameter that determines the design temperature. At the Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), a new standard bentonite (Bentonil-WRK) has been used since 2022 because Gyeongju (KJ) bentonite is no longer produced. However, the currently available data are insufficient, making it essential to investigate both the basic and complex properties of Bentonil-WRK. Thus, this study evaluated its geotechnical and thermal properties and developed a thermal conductivity empirical model that considers its dry density, water content, and temperature variations from room temperature to 90℃. The coefficient of determination (R²) for the model was found to be 0.986. The thermal conductivity values of Bentonil-WRK were 1-10% lower than those of KJ bentonite and 10-40% higher than those of MX-80 bentonites, which were attributable to mineral-composition differences. The thermal conductivity of Bentonil-WRK ranged between 0.504 and 1.149 W·(m^-1·K^-1), while the specific heat capacity varied from 0.826 to 1.138 (kJ·(kg^-1·K^-1)).

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.77-84
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• 2017

Recently, interest in safety has been increasing in every area, especially in the field of transportation. The accurate evaluation of the stability of road facilities is needed to improve the level of safety in the field of transportation and the application of new technologies is required to reduce the number of natural disasters. In this study, the wind data were compared and analyzed according to the type of measurement, and an evaluation of the stability of road signs using the wind data was conducted. In addition, a stability plan to secure road signs was elaborated and its effect on the wind load was analyzed. It was found that the wind data measured by a mobile atmospheric observing system (MAOS) was 2.43 times bigger than that measured by the Korea meteorological administration (KMA) and road weather information system (RWIS). In terms of their stability, the road signs were susceptible to failure caused by gusty winds and it was found necessary to ensure their stability. In the future, it will be possible to evaluate the stability of road facilities using road line weather data and the application of wind load reduction technologies is expected to improve road safety.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.304-309
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• 2006

In order to examine the antimicrobial effect on dairy processing facilities and products, Prunus mume extinct (PME) was applied to the pilot plant system of dairy industry and yogurt, PME showed thermal and pH stability in the wide spectrum of temperature ($40{\sim}150^{\circ}C$) and pH ($4{\sim}10$) and remarkable antimicrobial activities against dairy spoilage microorganisms. As the result of aseptic treatment of dairy processing facilities with PME microbial colony including coliform bacteria was not detected canpore to those detected in the control. In the level of PME concentration which inhibit the growth of putrefactive microorganisms we could produce yogurt with good scores of sensory evaluation.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.35 no.6
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• pp.1237-1243
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• 2003

As a newly emerging pasteurization method for improving the shelf-life of powdered ginseng, the corona discharge generated at high voltage conditions was examined for its effects on microbial pasteurization, physicochemical characterization, and sensory evaluation. The pasteurizing effects of corona discharge on total bacteria, yeast, molds, and coliforms increased with increasing voltage. However, corona discharge treatment of 5 kv/cm did not show significant effects of pasteurization on the yeast, molds, and coliforms. Treatment with 20 kv/cm reduced about 95% of the total bacteria $(6.14{\pm}0.04{\rightarrow}\;4.59{\pm}0.04$) and coliforms ($2.43{\pm}0.05{\rightarrow}\;1.00{\pm}0.05$) and 99% of the yeast and molds ($4.65{\pm}0.06{\rightarrow}\;2.73{\pm}0.06$). The proximate analysis, minerals, free sugars, crude saponin, and colors of the control ginseng and the ginseng treated with 20 kv/cm were not significantly different at p<0.05. Corona discharge of up to 20 kv/cm did not affect the proximate analysis, minerals, free sugars, crude saponin, and colors of the powdered ginseng. Sensory evaluation scores on color, flavor, taste and overall acceptability between the control ginseng and ginseng treated with 20 kv/cm corona discharge were not significantly different at p<0.05 level. Consequently, corona discharge treatment is thought to be a good alternative pasteurization method for improving the shelf-life of powdered ginseng due to its effective pasteurization, maintenance of nutrients and good sensory characteristics.