• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.99-102
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• 2007

The analog typed interface of main control room in nuclear power plant(NPP) is gradually being replaced to the one suitable for the digital environment. SKN 3,4 is currently developed in such a way to employ digitalized displays and controls such as computerized procedure system(CPS), large display panel(LDP), and Soft control. The main control room (MCR) of the SKN3, 4 was designed based on the human factors guidelines, which somehow lack of the confidence for the rapidly the developed guidelines needs to extend to the one to apply for the total digital environment including task environment, hardware and workstation. In order to achieve the research objectives, tremendous guidelines and technical papers related to evaluation issues of digital environment has been collected, analyzed and transformed to electric database forms and then built on database management system to retrieve the appropriate isues for the practical usage of evaluators-in-field.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.44 no.6
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• pp.653-662
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• 2012

We evaluate the technical and organizational aspects of the severe accident management guideline (SAMG), focusing on the decision-making process in the technical support center (TSC). From the technical aspects, we conclude that the present SAMG is a good tool that can assist the TSC in efficiently managing probable severe accidents. However, we suggest that the clear separation of the emergency operating procedure (EOP) and SAMG, which shifts plant control from the main control room (MCR) to the TSC, might not be an effective framework from an organizational perspective. Studies on organizational behavior demonstrate that a group decision made under a risky situation might be polarized in either a risky or cautious way. We recognize that we cannot be free from the polarization effect since the current SAMG recommends that the TSC evaluate the advantages and disadvantages of strategies to be implemented and choose the best one based on a group decision process. Illustrative examples of accident management under risky conditions are recapitulated from previous studies of the authors and we propose that the SAMG should be more proceduralized to remove this polarization from the decision-making process.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.143-153
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• 2016

Objective: The purposes of this study are to survey needs for changing accident investigation from blaming to systems approach and to briefly summarize systems-based accident analysis techniques. Background: In modern complex socio-technical systems, accidents are caused by a variety of contributing factors including human, technical, organizational, social factors, not by just a single violation or error of a specific actor, but accidents investigation used to be focused on the incorrect action of individuals. A new approach investigating causes of accidents as a symptom of a deficient system is required. Method: This study was mainly based on survey of literatures related to accidents, accidents investigation, which included academic journals, newspapers, etc. Results: This study showed that accidents investigation of Korea focusing on blaming is problematic. This was confirmed by two concepts of migration and hindsight bias frequently found in accident causation studies, and an attribute of accidents having varying causes. This was illustrated with an example of Sewol ferry capsizing accident. Representative systems-based accident analysis models including Swiss cheese model, AcciMap, HFACS, FRAM and STAMP were briefly introduced, which can be used in systematic accidents investigations. Finally, this study proposed a procedure for establishing preventive measures of accidents, which was composed of two steps: public inquiry and devising preventive measures. Conclusion: A new approach considering how safety-critical components such as technical and social elements, and their interactions lead to accidents is needed for preventing reoccurrence of similar accidents in complex socio-technical systems. Application: The results would be used as a reference or guideline when the safety relevant governmental organizations investigate accidents.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2005.11c
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• pp.39-43
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• 2005

There are big differences between developed countries and Korea regarding to the circumstances of electrical installation construction. In other words, Korea, in spite of its small market size, has large pools of electrical construction companies or associated workers, and there are a lot of poorly electrical construction companies in domestically. Thus, in reality, it is difficult to invest in technical development to enhance Korea's technical level on electrical installation and companies are likely to construct as occasion demands instead of constructing in a technical manner. Therefore, the government needs to develop a standard specification as a guideline for stable, economical and technical electrical installation construction. With this standard specification, almost all electrical construction companies could practically use it and also could guarantee their construction quality as well. It is important to induce small companies to utilize the standard specification to secure their construction excellent quality so that the life of the nation, individual's properties and national properties could be well protected.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.99-111
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to provide a design and operation technical guideline for meeting the appropriate design criteria to bio-gasification facilities treating organic wastes. Based on the results obtained during the field surveys, the overall design and operation guidelines for bio-gasification facilities, monitoring items, cycle and commissioning period were presented. According to the flow of anaerobic digestion process, Various design factors for bio-gasification facilities were proposed in this study. When designing the initial anaerobic digestion capacity, 10 ~ 30% of the treatment capacity was applied considering the discharge characteristics by the incoming organic wastes. At the import storage hopper process, limit concentration of transporting organic wastes was limited to TS 10 % or less, and limit concentration of inhibiting factor was suggested in operation of anaerobic digester. In addition, organic loading rate (OLR) was shown as $1.5{\sim}4.0kgVS_{in}/(m^3{\cdot}day)$ for the combined bio-gasification facilities of animal manure and food wastes. Desulfurization and dehumidification methods of biogas from anaerobic digestor and proper periods of liquifization tank were suggested in design guideline. It is recommended that the operating parameters of the biogasification facilities to be maintained at pH (acid fermentation tank 4.5~6.5, methane fermentation tank 6.0~8.0), temperature variation range within $2^{\circ}C$, management of volatile fatty acid and ammonia concentration less than 3,000 mg/L, respectively.

• Journal of the Korea Organic Resources Recycling Association
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.67-73
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• 2019

In this study, to optimize the production and utilization of biogas for organic waste resources, the precision monitoring of on-site facilities and the energy balance by facility were analyzed, and the solutions for field problems were investigated, and the design and operation guidelines for pretreatment facilities and generators were presented. Gas pre-treatment is required to solve frequent failures and efficiency degradation in operation of high quality refining facilities, and processing processes such as desulfurization, dehumidification, deoxidization, dust treatment, volatile organic compounds, etc. Since these processes are substances that are also eliminated from the high-quality process, quantitative guidelines are not presented in the gas pretreatment process, but are suggested to operate during the processing process as a qualitative guideline. In particular, dust, siloxane, and volatile organic compounds are the main cause of frequent failure of high-quality processes if they are not removed from the gas pretreatment process. Design of the biogas high-quality process. The operation guidelines provide quality standards [Methane content (including propane) of 95% or more] with 90% or more utilization of the total gas generation, two systems, and a margin of 10% or more. It also proposed installing gas equalization tank, installing thermal automatic control system for controlling equalization of auxiliary fuel, installing dehumidification device at the back of high quality for removing moisture generated in the process of gas compression, installing heat-resisting facilities to prevent freezing of facilities in winter and reducing efficiency, and installing membrane facilities in particular.

• Journal of KIBIM
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.1-5
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• 2011

A recent introduction of BIM has raised a necessity for BIM guidelines and guidelines following the decision about the BIM introduction are being present both home and abroad. This study hereby intended to develop BIM guidelines to the architectural field, for which the role and development directives of BIM guidelines were set up based on BIM concepts and examples of foreign guidelines. As a result, the role of guideline in (1)Activation of BIM (2)Support BIM process (3)Support and enhance collaboration (4)Standardized implementation of construction information (5)Technical support for BIM utilizing technology. It also classified the role of each guideline, standard and manual to establish detailed development directives. Besides, regarding the BIM process to clarify the goal to share among participants, information levels per stage and applicable scopes, for the sake of when to introduce BIM and how to use it properly, their contents were suggested in consideration of applicable BIM technologies based on business for each design stage at home.

• Journal of Korea Spatial Information System Society
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.85-93
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• 2010

The goal of U-Eco City testbed is improving the technical completion of ubiquitous technology/Services which have been developed in other core projects in U-Eco City, by implementing newly developed ubiquitous technology/Services to testbed. When the newly developed ubiquitous technology/Services are implemented in the testbed, we will monitor whether the developed ubiquitous technology/Services can be applied in the real situation and if they have problems we will find out the solution to solve the problems. Final goal of this reaserch is framework development for the U-Eco City construction guideline. We developed the framework development for the U-Eco City construction guideline by i)analyzing steps for construction of U-Eco City, ii) analyzing details of each steps for construction of U-Eco City, and iii) including results of research which have been developed in other core projects in U-Eco City.

• Journal of Biomedical Engineering Research
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• v.40 no.6
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• pp.250-259
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• 2019

Ophthalmic Laser System is widely used in Selective Laser Trabeculoplasty of Open Angle Glaucoma and Ocular Hypertension. Versatile ophthalmic laser system is a medical device with technology that checks the condition of the treatment area by irradiating a continuous laser pulse on the treatment area, and monitoring the microbubble reaction caused by the temperature increase of the melanosome through the ultrasonic signal and the optical signal sensor. It performs selective laser treatment without damaging the photoreceptor by controlling the wavelength of the laser when microbubbles are detected. This study aims to suggest a guideline for evaluating safety, performance and clinical effectiveness of Versatile Ophthalmic Laser System in accordance with the growing technology. International Standards, Regulations, and Clinical Trial Protocols were investigated and analyzed for this study. As a result of this study, the safety, performance and clinical effectiveness test guideline for Versatile Ophthalmic Laser System were proposed. This guideline will ensure the safety and efficacy of Medical device, and furthermore it is expected to be able to promote the development of technology development by supporting a clinical trial plan.

• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.661-666
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• 2002

The safety and serviceability of concrete structures are influenced by corrosion of steel bars in concrete. Several methods have been available to protect the reinforcing bars from corrosion. Among them, the surface coating method is one of the easiest way to apply to concrete structures. However, the realistic guideline for surface coating materials has not been established yet in this country. In this study, in order to establish a reasonable technical guidelines, the durability of the concrete treated by coatings was evaluated.