• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.263-276
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• 2021

Marine benthic organisms have been used as the indicators for the environment assessment and recently considered as a very important component in the biodiversity and ecosystem restoration. In Korean waters, the quantitative data on marine benthos was used as one of major components for the marine pollution assessment for 50 years since 1970s. The species identification which is an important factor for the quantitative biological data was mainly performed by the marine benthic ecologists. This leads to the deterioration of the data quality on marine benthos from the misidentication of major taxonomic groups due to the lack of taxonomic expertise in Korea. This taxonomic problem has not been solved until now and remains in most data from national research projects on the marine ecosystems in Korean waters. Here we introduce the quality assurance and control (QA/QC) system for the marine biological data in UK, that is, NMBAQC (Northeast Atlantic Marine Biological Analytic and Quality Control) Scheme which has been performed by private companies to solve similar species identification problems in UK. This scheme asks for all marine laboratories which want to participate to any national monitoring programs in UK to keep their identification potency at high level by the internal quality assurance systems and provides a series of taxonomic workshops and literature to increase their capability. They also performs the external quality control for the marine laboratories by performing the Ring Test using standard specimens on various faunal groups. In the case of Korea, there are few taxonomic expertise in two existing national institutions and so they can't solve the taxonomic problems in marine benthic fauna data. We would like to provide a few necessary suggestions to solve the taxonomic problems in Korean marine biological data in short-terms and long-terms: (1) the identification of all dominant species in marine biological data should be confirmed by taxonomic expertise, (2) all the national research programs should include taxonomic experts, and (3) establishing a private company, like the Korea marine organism identification association (KMOIA), which can perform the QA/QC system on the marine organisms and support all Korean marine laboratories by providing taxonomic literature and species identification workshops to enhance their potency. The last suggestion needs more efforts and time for the establishment of that taxonomic company by gathering the detailed contents and related opinions from diverse stakeholders in Korea.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.60 no.3
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• pp.231-238
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• 2022

Purpose. This study aimed to investigate the effect of different veneering methods on the tensile bond strength between polyetherketoneketone (PEKK) and denture base resins. Materials and methods. A total of 80 PEKK T-shaped specimens were fabricated and the primer (Visio.link) was applied after airborne-particle abrasion with 110 ㎛ alumina oxide powder. According to the veneering method, the specimens were divided into four groups (n = 20) to be veneered with the gingival colored packable photopolymerized composite resin (SR Adoro); flowable photopolymerized composite resin, (Crea.lign); heat-polymerized resin (Vertex); and self-polymerized resin (ProBase Cold). Each group was divided into two subgroups (n = 10) according to the artificial thermal aging. After the tensile bond strength measurement via universal testing machine, the fracture sections of all specimens were observed. Two-way ANOVA and Tukey's HSD post hoc test were used for the statistical analysis (α = .05). Results. The results of the two-way ANOVA showed statistically significant differences in the tensile bond strength according to the veneering method and artificial thermal aging of denture base resins (P<.001). The highest tensile bond strength showed in the packable photopolymerized resin group before and after the artificial thermal aging. The lowest tensile bond strength showed in the heat-polymerized resin group. The mixed and adhesive fracture showed in all groups. Conclusion. The veneering method and artificial thermal aging can influence in the tensile bond strength between the resin and PEKK. The artificial thermal aging can reduce the tensile bond strength.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.50 no.4
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• pp.63-76
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• 2022

This study was conducted to compare the perceptions of the park use status, importance, and satisfaction of users in the first implemented and completed Uijeongbu Jikdong Neighborhood Park among the private park special projects carried out as a countermeasure for long-term non-execution of urban parks. To this end, in the initiated project, apartment residents and non-residents were classified according to the promotion plan, and a questionnaire research on importance and satisfaction was conducted to analyze the park use status and IPA(importance-performance analysis). First, as a result of the analysis of the current situation in terms of locational characteristics that occur during the promotion of special projects for private parks, unlike the mountainous areas, the targeted site was close to flat land, indicating that users' satisfaction with the landscape was high. Second, the access of the apartment residents in the initiated project site was easy. Thus, the use rate of residents was relatively higher than that of the non-residents. Third, differences in perception by item were identified through the analysis of IPA and the establishment of strategies. In quadrant I, among the facilities and services, installing restrooms was the priority for residents, and parking facilities and rest facilities were the priority than installing restrooms for non-residents. In quadrant II, overall scores for residents and non-residents were similar, but the distance to the park was in quadrant III due to the low level of satisfaction among non-residents. In this study, the difference in perception between residents and non-residents may cause problems in access and facilities in managing the park in the future. Therefore, it would be necessary to find a way to improve it by establishing a management strategy that takes into account the difference in the perception of residents after construction. In addition, through the results of this study, it was judged that the purpose of park development, the selection of types of parks, and the selection of plans and management indicators for each kind would be significant in the promotion of initiated projects in the planning of park development.

• Korean Journal of Animal Reproduction
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2001

This study was to test whether in vitro matured Hanwoo oocytes can be successfully cryopreserved by a new vitrification procedure using MVC method. For the vitrification, oocytes were pretreated in 10% ethylene glycol (EG10) for 5~10 min, exposed in EG30 for 30 sec, each oocyte was individually put on the inner wall of 0.25 $m\ell$ straw, and then straws were directly plunged into L$N_2$. Thawing was taken by 4-step procedures 〔1.0 M sucrose (MS), 0.5 MS, 0.25 MS, and 0.125 MS〕 at 37$^{\circ}C$. In vitro developmental capacity (survival, cleavage ($\geq$2-cell) and blastocyst rates) in vitrified group was no significant difference compared to that in other treatment groups (exposed; 100.0, 74.4, 32.3% and control; 100.0, 78.3, 36.3%): high mean percentage of oocytes (91.2%) was survived, 69.4% of them were cleaved and 27.9% of cleaved embryos were developed to blastocyst. Especially, after transfer of in vitro developed embryos in vitrified group, four of six recipient animals were pregnant and three of them were ongoing-pregnant by manual palpation at 250 days after transfer. This result demonstrates that MVC method is very appropriate freezing method for the Hanwoo in vitro matured oocytes and that ovum bank can be maintained efficiently by MVC cryopreservation method.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Dental Administration
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.31-37
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• 2017

Recently interest in infection control is increasing in hospitalsnfection control has become more important in the overall health care practiceental hospital also requires thorough infection control. There are various kinds of vectormedical clothing. Contaminated clothing of a hospital staff can be a vector of nosocomial infecton. actual case of nosocomial infecton caused by contaminated medical clothing, nursing students were measuring contamination levels of uniforms and pathogenic microorganism wdetected in front of the uniform and pocket. There is also a high risk of exposure to contamination in the dental hospital. We conducted a study to enhance awareness about infection and proper clothing management by comparing before and after contamination of clothing caused by aerosols produced during scaling. Subjects were scaling operators' uniforms in the department of dental hygiene, K University located in Daejeon. Before scaling, the uniform was sterilized by autoclavecaling was performed times in the same place (an average of 60 minutes per person, a total of 180 minutes). ive parts of the uniform (sleeves, chest, belly, thigh, edge of pants) contracted Rodak-plate for 15 seconds. After incubating the contacted Rodak-plate at 37℃ incubator, contamination levels by measuring the number of colonies. As a result, all parts increased number of colonies. ontamination order chestedge of pants thigh belly sleeves. Increase rate of colonies was also high in the order chest edge of pants thigh belly sleeves. This study showed seriousness of clothing contaminationcaused by aerol produced during scalingcontamination of clothing can be a path to nosocomial infecton. According to th study, infection control for clothing as well as dental instruments should be implemented and thorough infection control training needed for dental staff. In further researches, practical infection prevention supplementing clothing management method.

• Korean journal of health promotion
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.91-95
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• 2019

Background: Obesity and deterioration of pulmonary function are known to increase all-cause mortality and morbidity associated with chronic diseases. Obesity is a known risk factor for decreasing pulmonary function; however, studies on the effect of changes in body weight or body mass index (BMI) on pulmonary function are rare. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between the change in body weight or BMI and the pulmonary function test (PFT) in Koreans who underwent consecutive screening at a health promotion center. Methods: We enrolled 5,032 patients who underwent consecutive screening health check-ups at a health promotion center in 2015 and 2017. The BMI was calculated as the body weight (kg) divided by the square of the height (m²) in 2015 and 2017. We analyzed the association between the change in body weight or BMI and PFT. Results: In males, PFT and changes in body weight were associated with forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV₁) but not with changes in BMI. In females, FEV₁/forced vital capacity and forced expiratory flow between 25-75% of vital capacity (FEF_25-75%) were significantly associated with the changes in body weight and BMI. A correlation analysis between body weight and BMI showed a negative correlation with FEF_25-75% in males. In females, FEV₁/FVC and FEF_25-75% were negatively correlated. Conclusions: We observed that the increase in body weight and BMI was significantly associated with pulmonary function. This finding suggests that careful monitoring of body weight and BMI may aid in maintaining proper pulmonary function, thereby, reducing mortality and morbidity.

• 한국노년학
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• v.39 no.4
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• pp.663-677
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• 2019

This study was performed to identify the relationship and effects of nursing work environment and role conflict on job embeddedness among nurses working in long-term care hospitals. The data were collected from 200 nurses working in 10 long-term care hospitals from G - province from July to August 2018. Structured questionnaires assessing general characteristics and three major variables were distributed to the study participants and final 190 data set were analyzed using SPSS ver 25.0 program. Study results were as follows; mean score of job embeddedness was 2.98±0.46 out of 5 and the score of sub-domains were in order of fit, links, and sacrifice. The average score of the nursing work environment was 3.14 ± 0.42 and the leadership was the highest sub-domain followed by the working system, the relationship with peers, and the support of the institution. Overall role conflicts score was 3.43 ± 0.51, and environmental disorder, role ambiguity, lack of ability, lack of cooperation were reported in order as sub-domains. Job embeddedness of the study participants showed a statistically significant positive correlation with the nursing work environment and negative correlation with the role conflict. Factors affecting job embeddedness were nursing work environment, age, and role conflict, and the explanatory power of the model was 50.4%. The findings suggest that the overall level of job embeddedness of nurses working in long-term care hospitals is below middle level and efforts to improve job embeddedness through strategies related to nursing work environment and role conflict in organizational level. In addition, the relationship between age and job embeddedness needs to be studied further.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.129-141
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• 2023

Crop models have been used to predict yield under diverse environmental and cultivation conditions, which can be used to support decisions on the management of forage crop. Cultivar parameters are one of required inputs to crop models in order to represent genetic properties for a given forage cultivar. The objectives of this study were to compare calibration and ensemble approaches in order to minimize the uncertainty of crop yield estimates using the SIMPLE crop model. Cultivar parameters were calibrated using Log-likelihood (LL) and Generic Composite Similarity Measure (GCSM) as an objective function for Metropolis-Hastings (MH) algorithm. In total, 20 sets of cultivar parameters were generated for each method. Two types of ensemble approach. First type of ensemble approach was the average of model outputs (E_em), using individual parameters. The second ensemble approach was model output (E_pm) of cultivar parameter obtained by averaging given 20 sets of parameters. Comparison was done for each cultivar and for each error calculation methods. 'Jowoo' and 'Yeongwoo', which are forage rice cultivars used in Korea, were subject to the parameter calibration. Yield data were obtained from experiment fields at Suwon, Jeonju, Naju and I ksan. Data for 2013, 2014 and 2016 were used for parameter calibration. For validation, yield data reported from 2016 to 2018 at Suwon was used. Initial calibration indicated that genetic coefficients obtained by LL were distributed in a narrower range than coefficients obtained by GCSM. A two-sample t-test was performed to compare between different methods of ensemble approaches and no significant difference was found between them. Uncertainty of GCSM can be neutralized by adjusting the acceptance probability. The other ensemble method (E_pm) indicates that the uncertainty can be reduced with less computation using ensemble approach.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.137-155
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• 2009

The purpose of the present study was to analyse the effectiveness of a gifted education program. To analyse the effectiveness of an education program for the gifted affiliated with a university, the study carried out a quasi-experimental design to compare the 153 gifted students who enrolled in an education center for the gifted and the 131 potentially gifted students who were nominated by teachers for their high achievements and interests in science but without any education services for the gifted. These two groups of students were compared in the aspects of problem finding ability in science, motivation, self regulation, science-related attitudes, and science anxiety through the pre- and post-treatment settings. The results indicated that the gifted group showed a significant improvement in originality and elaboration of problem-finding ability, but the potentially gifted group showed significant decrease in most variables of problem finding. Related to motivation and self-regulated learning, gifted students showed an increase in cognitive strategy use and decrease in intrinsic value, but the potentially gifted students showed significant decreases in most variables related to motivation and self-regulation, except intrinsic value. Related to the scientific attitudes and science anxiety, there were no significant changes between pre- and post-tests in the gifted group, but significant decreases in most variables were found in the potentially gifted group. The results of paired t-test and Ancova indicate that significant differences between the gifted and the potentially gifted groups are mainly due to the significantly lowered performance in post tests in the potentially gifted group, rather than a significant increase in gifted group.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.1082-1094
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• 2023

The purpose of this study was to examine the characteristics of Leuconostoc spp. isolated from radish kimchi and to investigate the potential for the use of functional ingredients by evaluating enzymatic characteristics, safety, and immune-enhancing effects among the isolates, including Lactobacillus rhamnosus ATCC53103 (LGG) as a control strain. All test strains exhibited β-glucosidase enzyme activity that releases β-1,4 sugar chain bonds. In addition, as a result of antibiotic resistance assay among the isolates, MIC values on 8 antibiotics were below compared to the EFSA standard, and hemolytic experiments confirmed that all showed gamma hemolysis without hemolytic ability. As a result of the antibacterial activity experiment, the Leu. mesenteroides K2-4 strain showed a higher activity than LGG against Bacillus cereus and Staphylococcus aureus. Additionally, the activity of the NF-kB/AP-1 transcription factor increased when the isolates were treated in macrophage RAW cells. These results were related to increasing the high mRNA expression levels on TNF-α and IL-6 by Leu. mesenteroides K2-4 strain to be treated at low concentration. Consequently, we suggest that it will be useful as a candidate for functional food ingredients.