• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.66-74
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• 2008

Two experiments were conducted to assess the effect of replacing a conventional concentrate with mixed cassava (Manihot esculenta) foliage and legume (Phaseolus calcaratus) foliage. In Exp. 1, three rumen fistulated crossbred cows were used for in sacco rumen degradability studies. In vitro gas production was also studied. In Exp. 2, 11 crossbred F2 heifers (Red Sindhi$\times$Holstein Friesian), with initial live weight of $129{\pm}6kg$ and aged six months, were allocated in a Completely Randomized Design (CRD) to evaluate a mixture (ratio 3:1) of cassava and legume foliage (CA-LE feed) as a protein source compared to a traditional concentrate feed (Control) in diets based on fresh elephant grass (Pennisetum purpureum) and urea treated rice straw ad libitum. The Control feed was replaced by the CA-LE feed at levels of 0% (Control), 40% (CA-LE40), and 60% (CA-LE60) based on dry matter (DM). The in sacco degradation of CA-LE feed was higher than Control feed (p<0.05). After 48 h incubation the degradation of CA-LE feed and Control feed was 73% vs. 58% of DM and 83% vs. 65% of CP, respectively. The gas production of CA-LE feed was also significantly higher than of Control feed during the first 12 h of incubation. The results of the performance study (Exp. 2) showed that the level of CA-LE feed in the concentrate had no effect on total dry matter intake (p>0.05), but live weight gains (LWG) in CA-LE40 and CA-LE60 were significantly higher (551 and 609 g/d, respectively) than in the Control group (281 g/d). The intake of CP was higher (p<0.05) for the treatments CA-LE40 and CA-LE60 (556 and 590 g/d, respectively) compared to that of Control (458 g/d), while there was no significant difference in ME intake. The feed conversion ratio was 16.8, 9.0 and 7.9 kg DM/kg LWG in Control, CA-LE40 and CA-LE60, respectively. The feed cost of CA-LE40 and CA-LE60 corresponded to 43% and 35%, respectively, of the feed cost of Control feed. The best results were found when CA-LE feed replaced 60% of DM in Control feed and considerably decreased feed cost. It is concluded that feeding cassava foliage in combination with Phaseolus calcaratus legume as a protein supplement could be a potentially valuable strategy which leads to reduced feed costs and a more sustainable system in smallholder dairy production in Vietnam.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.541-547
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• 2019

Objective: This study investigated the effects of photoperiod on nutrient digestibility, hair follicle (HF) activity and cashmere quality in Inner Mongolia white cashmere goats. Methods: Twenty-four female (non-pregnant) Inner Mongolia white cashmere goats aged 1 to 1.5 years old with similar live weights (mean, $20.36{\pm}2.63kg$) were randomly allocated into two groups: a natural daily photoperiod group (NDPP group:10 to 16 h light, n = 12) and a short daily photoperiod group (SDPP group: 7 h light:17 h dark, n = 12). All the goats were housed in individual pens and fed the same diets from May 15 to October 15, 2015. The digestibility of crude protein (CP), dry matter (DM), and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) were measured in different months, along with secondary hair follicle (SHF) activity, concentration of melatonin (MEL), and cashmere quality. Results: Although there was no significant difference in the live weights of goats between the SDPP and NDPP groups (p>0.05), the CP digestibility of goats in the SDPP group was significantly increased compared to the NDPP group in July, September, and October (p<0.05). For the DM and NDF digestibility of goats, a significant increase (p<0.05) was found during in September in the SDPP group. Furthermore, compared to the NDPP group, the SHF activity in July, the MEL concentration in July, and the cashmere fiber length and fiber weight in October were significantly increased in the SDPP group (p<0.05). Conclusion: The cashmere production of Inner Mongolia white cashmere goats was increased without obvious deleterious effects on the cashmere fibers in the SDPP group (metabolizable energy, 8.34 MJ/kg; CP, 11.16%; short daily photoperiod, 7 h light:17 h dark).

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제57권1호
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• pp.136-152
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• 2024

본 연구를 통해 개발된 청소년 식생활·영양 실천 평가 항목은 총 22개의 문항으로 청소년들이 개인의 전반적인 식사의 질 및 식행동, 식환경을 영역별로 평가 가능하며, 향후 청소년의 식생활 개선을 위한 평가 도구로 활용될 수 있다. 한국인을 위한 식생활 지침을 기반으로 청소년의 다양한 식생활, 식문화와 관련된 선행연구, 국민건강영양조사자료, 국가 정책 및 지침에 대한 검토와 전문가 대상 타당도 평가를 진행하여 58개의 수도권단위 예비 조사용 체크리스트 평가항목을 우선 선정하였다. 수도권단위 조사는 중·고등학생 403명을 대상으로 진행되었고, 조사 자료의 탐색적 요인분석 결과 식단의 질 평가항목을 식품섭취, 식행동, 식생활 환경 세 영역으로 분류하였다. 식사섭취실태와의 상관관계 분석을 통해 수렴타당도를 분석하고 최종 모형으로 총 22개의 평가항목이 도출되었다. 최종적으로 청소년 식단의 질 평가도구는 식품섭취 영역 10개 항목 (채소류, 황색채소, 생과일, 계란 및 육류, 콩과 견과류, 우유·유제품, 다양한 식품군, 가당음료, 가공육류, 튀김류), 식행동 영역 4개 항목 (유산소, 체중유지, 끼니섭취 횟수와 규칙적인 식사), 식생활 환경 영역 8개 항목 (유통기한, 덜어먹기, 로컬푸드, 친환경식품, 가정 내 신선한 과일채소, 유제품의 비치와 부모님의 식사준비 여부 및 건강한 간식 섭취의 격려)으로 구성되었다. 본 연구의 청소년 식생활·영양 실천 평가 항목은 22개의 간단한 문항으로 청소년들이 개인의 전반적인 식사의 질 및 식행동, 식환경을 영역별로 점수 평가하는데 용이하다는 점에서 청소년의 식생활 개선을 위한 도구의 활용이 기대된다.