• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.42-53
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to clarify how modern fashion show makeup reflects surrealism: it also proposes fashion show make-up expressed by focusing on objects. This study aims to research make-up characterized by surrealistic object expression, which is frequently used in the 21st century modern fashion shows, and reviews the concept of the objects positioned importantly in the history of modern makeup. In this study, the influence of the object over modern makeup, particularly fashion show makeup is reviewed together with the characteristics of the object. As a result of reviewing the concepts of modern fashion show makeup by applying objects, the conclusions that are gained are as follows. Fashion show makeup expressed in today's modern time tends to emphasize the artists' unique expressions and personality, while many artists attempt to use various expression ideas and techniques. Objects are variously expressed in makeup and in the $21^{st}$ century, this is the due to the development of digital technology and expansion of designers' imagination Furthermore, surrealistic makeup achieves eminence in styling by showing the formative limits of human beings. The types of surrealistic techniques are expressed as transposition, distortion, and optical illusion in makeup. Expansion of material became the momentum in order to provide unique ideas in fashion show makeup. Moreover, the object of surrealism has a considerable influence on the development of makeup. In this regard, more positive attempts for new designs are being expected.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.39-56
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• 2004

At the outset, surrealism starts from pure art, but surrealism has greatly influenced commercial art and fashion circles, more so than any other genre of art. The critical thinking methods of surrealism and its mode of expression continues to influence fashion theory extensively. Even now, surrealism may be found in the designs presented in fashion circles and is still expected for future lines. Surrealism in modern fashion has been reborn, newly integrated and transformed, based on the features of Surrealism paintings. The characteristics of its forms can be found in a combination of modern material, modern design and new skills and the classical items : bodyform molding context of architecture, experimental and sex-appealing of body. Expression was made by borrowing natural motives and recreating natural fabrics while the existing typical idea about clothes was destructed, with the boundary of patterns changed. Expression was also made by mixing items, uniting future images, and using up-to-date functional techniques. This study is significant that up-to-date technological culture expands cyber-space and increases surrealistic expressions by combined heterogeneous materials, thus arousing much interest. The purpose of this study is to determine interrelationship between how surrealism developed and what formative properties those clothes affected by surrealism obtained in the 1990s.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.20-40
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to examine the concept of surrealism and its expression technique and to develop creative and artistic women's coat design based on the analysis of various expression techniques of surrealistic artists and designers. To this end, literature review was done and design and actual works of women's coats were made. Surrealism was applied to fashion by Schiaparelli in the 1930s and it has constantly been applied by many fashion designers. The examples used in fashion were examined by shape of body parts or natural objects, metaphor and transformation of objects, position change and optical illusion. Based on this examination, motifs were drawn from paintings of Rene Magritte, Salvador Dali, Vladimir Kush, and Rafal Olbinski, who most inspired contemporary fashion designers with their works. The creative and artistic sense of five women's coats for 20's and 30's were designed using surrealistic paintings and fashion design expression techniques in a view of social problems. This study has a significance in that it expanded the expression techniques of fashion design and its field with original design which is inspired by surrealistic formativeness and expression technique with social criticism. It is also possible for this study to contribute to the development of fashion design if various designs are presented through grafting various artistic expression techniques onto fashion.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.123-138
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• 2004

The objective of this study is to review the expressive effect of fashion illustrations and to enlarge its expressive range by analysing the correlations between fashion illustrations and surrealistic expressive characteristics. The results are as follows. The surrealistic expressive methods of fashion illustration such as depaysement and automatism have been used by many foreign and domestic fashion illustrators. I think that these methods reinforce the subjective aspect of expressive effects and enlarge the transmitting function of fashion message. The elements of expression are divided into color, texture, shape/form and space. Subjective colors rather than natural colors are used for the surrealistic expressive effect of color in fashion illustrations, and illusion of space is expressed by the change of brightness. The surrealistic expressive effect in fashion illustrations distorted the experience of factual texture and disturbed the visual texture. The use of tactile texture presented strange effects perspectively. The objects of shape in fashion illustrations were mainly human body. The form of human body presents reconstituted and reinterpreted figure by transformation or distortion according to the intention of the artist rather than realistic and physical form. In fashion illustration, the transformation of the human body itself whose body parts get separated, superposition of exterior material and human body, and the distortion of human body by the change are done. Space is where background and shapes are inter-penetrated because they are ambiguous and untransparent, and where all are in disorder and unbalance. The method of projection uses distance perspective, multiple perspective and amplified perspective representation, and forms a psychological space feeling. And I think the use of surrealistic expressive methods are very useful for the subjective sensitiveness and the transmission of a fashion message, and presents a possibility to develop a new expressive method.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Interior Design Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.231-236
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• 2007

The aspects of contemporary society change have been changed rapidly running for function value on the part of part industrialization and information-oriented. The transfer to the society focused on a human being emphasis and symbol value is in progress rising with natural desire of recurrence of human nature accordingly and desires of a human being inborn of sensitivity-oriented and pluralism-oriented are being expressed. Answering these social and cultural demands, concerns about an arbitrary mind world of a human being and pursuit dispositions about impractical and transcendental world are coincided with to the purpose and so various kinds of expressions except for art sphere are being experimented and applied. Here upon also in the field of the contemporary interior design, answering sensual desire of users, various arts and cultural tendency, the concept of surrealism is being applied in design introducing the concept of surrealism positive. And fantastical and unreasonable expression features of surrealism are being used as subjective essential elements to make new spaces. Especially amoung various kinds of the interiors designs, the features like surrealistic expressions in Food & Beverage Space which proper identity and strong symbolism will be expressed can be recognized as appropriate expression patterns to give still more sensitivity stimuli to customers. Thus this research disclosed conceptual and ideological background of surrealism and also analyzed and studied surrealistic expression features applied to the interiors designs of Contemporary Food & Beverage Space through expression disposition, study and classification of techniques. And standing on the result of analyzing surrealistic expression features of Contemporary Food & Beverage Space with a key word of expression features derived we groped for estatescape trend demanded in Food & Beverage Space and direction coming.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.127-144
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• 2005

The aim of this study is to find out the symbol of clothing decorations in Elsa Schiaparalli's design works and there are four major points due to the aim of this study. Firstly, a fantasy is represented through Surrealistic Arts which creates mysterious, secrete, and surprising spirits. In Surrealistic Arts, the fashion of schiaparelli demonstrates a fantasy spirit by using the methods like metaphor, transformation, and re-positioning. Secondly, In Surrealistic paintings, normally double image or different image from symbol immanent were expressed. However, Elsa Schiaparelli used double and multi-image decorations instead that has well-organized formative effect. The mixture of double images can be separated as symbolic mixture, design mixture and expressive mixture. Thirdly, the body parts has represented symbolism and sensuality in Surrealism Arts. Elsa Schiaparelli has demonstrated the expression of modern clothing as passionate, desirable, and powerful. This is the reason why her designs were absolutely different from the previous sihouette-focused clothing. Fourth, there are lots of intentional decoration that are different from actual images, such as transformation, exaggeration, minimization and repettion, as well as, re-location, re-arrangement, line-up arrangement, collage and odd materials.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.59 no.8
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• pp.66-81
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• 2009

The purposes of this study were to analyze the formative relationship between Surrealistic clothes and hat with the focus on the period from the 1990's to 2008 and to find out the development direction of next hat design. The method to analyze the relationship between clothes and hats was the formative analysis by Marian L. Davis and Marilyn R. Delong. Hat design of surrealism was cylindrical or tear drop in a shape according to the principle of $D{\acute{e}}paysement$ and Trompe l'oeil, and was similar with the Form of a jacket, a sleeve, or a skirt. In color, accent color coordination mainly appeared and sometimes contrast color coordination induced illusion effect. In material, a variety of materials were used according to the principle of $D{\acute{e}}paysement$ and Trompe l'oeil, and contrast was widely used like color. In Decoration, the decoration or pattern of clothes was intactly applied to hats. The results suggest that clothes and hat have an organic relationship, and a hat style is changed with formative elements of clothes.

• Proceedings of the Costume Culture Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.54-56
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• 2004

• Archives of design research
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• v.11
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• pp.40-45
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• 1995

This study is to experiment a new possibility of sacred illustration for youngsters. Since this illustration will be used individually as a poster or a card. the bible content is layed out based on visual hierarchy The reason for using the contrast of contemporary and classic style is to represent the bible working in our age. This study presents two sample works; one is for 'hope' from Philippians 4; 6.7 and the other is for 'wedding' from Genesis 1; 27.2 24 and Matthew 19; 6.

• Proceedings of the Korea Society of Costume Conference
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• 2004.08a
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• pp.316-317
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• 2004