• 센서학회지
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.371-377
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• 2006

Nano porous, transparent silica aerogels monoliths were prepared under ambient drying (1 atm, $270^{\circ}C$) condition by the combination of sol-gel process and surface modification with subsequent heat treatment. Three kinds of solvent, n-hexane, n-heptane and xylene, were selected in the point view of low surface tension and vapor pressure in order to restrain a formation of cracks during drying. Crack-free silica aerogels with over 93 % of porosity and below $0.14g/cm^3$ of density were obtained by solvent exchange and surface modification under atmosphere condition. Optimum solvent was confirmed n-heptane among these solvents through estimation of FT-IR, TGA, BET and SEM. Modified silica aerogel exhibited a higher porosity and pore size compare to unmodified aerogels. Hydrophobicity was also controled by C-H and H-OH bonding state in the gel structure and heat treatment over $400^{\circ}C$ effects to the hydrophobicity due to oxidation of C-H radicals.

• 멤브레인
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.126-131
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• 2004

균일한 밀집구조를 지니는 투명한 폴리설폰 필름이 용매를 사용한 표면처리를 통해 개질되었다. 개질은 고분자 필름을 디메털포름아마이드 용매에 1 sec간 담그고 이를 비용매 욕조에 침지시켜 이루어졌다. 개질 전 투명하였던 필름은 개질 후 횐색을 띠며, 많은 기공이 표면에 형성되었다. 비용매로서 물을 사용하였을 때가 이소프로파놀을 사용하였을 때 보다 표면의 불균일도가 증가하였다. 개질된 필름을 사용하여 방사성핵종으로 오염된 지역으로부터 오염물을 채취하였을 때 일반적으로 사용되는 필터페이퍼를 사용하는 것보다 우수한 채취 효율을 보여주었다. 개질된 필름 중에서는 비용매로 물을 사용한 경우 이소프로파놀을 이용한 필름보다 오염물의 채취 효과가 좋은 것으로 나타났다. 한편, 개질된 필름은 고분자 필름의 양쪽 겉표면만을 변화시켜, 필름의 내부는 고유한 밀집도를 유지함으로써, 필터페이퍼 또는 유리섬유를 사용한 오염물 제거 과정에서 나타날 수 있는 매체의 기공을 통한 2차적 오염을 방지하는 효과가 있다.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제33권12호
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• pp.1319-1324
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• 1996

Silica aerogels were synthesis by the sol-gel-supercritical drying process using isopropanol as a solvent. Effets of the heat-treatment and the surface modification through propoxylation on the structural reinforcement as well as the surface hydrophobic/hydrophilic characteristics of aerogels were investigated. Silica aerogels synthesized by supercritical drying were hydrophobic but aerogels heat-treated above 20$0^{\circ}C$ were transformed to be hydrophilic. In particular it was found that the skeletal structure of aerogels heat-treated at 50$0^{\circ}C$ was strong enough not to crack after adsorbing a large amount of water vapor. Hydrophilic aerogels modified by propoxylation at 28$0^{\circ}C$ for 20 h were reversed to the hydrophobic form. Transition between hydrophobicity and hydrophilicity was reversible. The hydrophobicvity and the hydrophilicity of silica aerogels were attributed to the Si-Oh bond and the nonpolar C-H bond groups of orgainc species respectively.

• 공업화학
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.357-362
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 높은 은폐력과 선명한 색상을 나타내는 diketopyrrolopyrroles (DPP) red 254 안료를 제조하기 위하여 미리 합성한 DPP red 254 crude를 용매 열처리 온도, 유도체 첨가 또는 볼밀링 조건들이 조합된 용매 열처리 공정을 통하여 얻어진 시료들의 물성을 비교 분석하였다. 시료의 특성은 FT-IR, UV-Vis 분광기, TEM, PSA, BET surface area analyzer, viscometer 및 spectrophotometer를 이용하여 분석하였다. 합성한 DPP red 254 crude를 볼밀링 나노화하고 용매 열처리하는 방법이 매우 효과적인 안료화 공정임을 확인하였다.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제34권12호
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• pp.3805-3810
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• 2013

The surface modification of silica particles (SPs) was systemically conducted by the treatment of 0.1-10 wt % phenylsilanetriol (PST) on the basis of SPs used through two step processes: 1) the PST coating of SPs via evaporation under reduced pressure and 2) their thermal condensation leading to Si-O-Si bond formation via heating at $130^{\circ}C$. The evaluation of the modified SPs was conducted by the simple floating test on water and the measurement of the contact angle (CA) of water droplet on the 2-dimensional layer of modified SPs on slide glass. When PST was used about 2 wt % or above on the basis of SPs (about average size: 50 nm) used, the modified SPs were fully floated on the water and all dispersed into upper organic solvent layer after a shaking with the mixture of the water and benzene, indicating that the modified SPs have hydrophobic properties. The modified SPs were characterized by $^{29}Si$ MAS NMR and physicochemical properties including SEM, TEM, BET, adsorption/desorption isotherms, etc. were measured and compared each other in details. This research demonstrates that the organosilanetriol is a good modifier applicable for the surface modification of inorganic oxide particles using a low amount of modifier on the basis of oxide particles used.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.477-482
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• 2023

Halloysite nanotube (HNT) has a nanotube structure with the chemical formula of Al₂Si₂O₅(OH)₄ · nH₂O and is a natural sediment of aluminosilicate. A lot of research has been conducted to improve the mechanical properties of epoxy composites by generating interactions between HNTs and polymers through surface treatment of HNTs, such as exchange of amine group as a terminal functional group. However, most of the surface modification methods are performed under wet conditions, which require a relatively large amount of time, manpower and solvent. In order to save time and simplify complicated procedures, a dry coating machine was designed and used for amine group exchange. Comparing the XPS results, it was found that the results of NH₂-HNT prepared using a dry coating machine and the substitution through the wet method were not significantly different, and it has been confirmed that the amount of solvent used and the time savings can be made.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.249-254
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• 2003

AI, AIN 및 질화반응 촉진을 위한 첨가제로서 Li$_2$CO$_3$, Y$_2$O$_3$, CaCO$_3$를 혼합한 후 성형체를 제조하여 질소 분위기에서 열처리하였고, 용매 및 첨가제의 종류와 질화온도가 AI-AIN계의 질화반응에 미치는 영향에 대하여 고찰하였다. 1.0wt%의 olcic acid.를 첨가한 ethanol을 혼합용매로 사용한 경우 AI과 AIN 입자의 표면개질 효과를 질화반응시 산화물 생성을 최소화시킬 수 있었다. 그리고 AI-AIN계에 Li$_2$CO$_3$ 또는 CaCO$_3$를 첨가한 경우Y$_2$O$_3$를 첨가한 경우에 비하여 질화 열처리시 생성되는 산화물의 생성을 크게 억제시킬 수 있었다.

• 접착 및 계면
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.122-129
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• 2022

본 연구에서는 산소 플라즈마 처리시간을 실험 변수로 하여 금속섬유를 처리한 후 섬유표면에 산소함유 기능성 관능기를 도입하여 금속섬유의 친수성을 향상시키기 위한 연구로 플라즈마 처리 전, 후의 표면 특성 변화를 scanning electron microscope (SEM)과 x-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS)를 사용하여 관찰하였다. 또한 플라즈마 처리시간이 금속섬유의 표면에 미치는 영향을 관찰하기 위해 극성 용매와 비극성 용매에 대한 금속섬유의 접촉각 변화를 측정하였다. 측정된 접촉각을 이용해 표면 자유에너지 변화를 계산한 후 산소 플라즈마 처리 전, 후의 금속섬유에 대한 접촉각과 표면 자유에너지를 비교하였으며 접착일과의 상관관계도 고찰하였다. 이런 금속섬유의 표면 변화가 다른 소재와의 복합 시 계면에서의 전단강도 향상에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위해 microdroplet 시편을 제조하여 계면 전단강도를 측정하였으며 접착일과의 상관관계도 함께 파악하였다. 따라서, 금속섬유의 산소플라즈마 처리는 섬유표면에 물리적인 표면적 증가로 인한 수지와의 접촉면의 증가와 표면의 산소함유 기능성 관능기의 도입에 따른 접촉각, 표면 에너지의 변화에 따른 표면 친수화로 고분자 수지와의 계면 전단강도를 향상시켜주는 결과를 얻었다.

• 한국세라믹학회지
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• 제36권7호
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• pp.691-697
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• 1999

TiO2 powder was adsorbed on the surface of mica using the heterocoagulation method in water TiO2 powder was prepared from hydrolysis of titanium-iso propoxide in a mixed solvent of anhydrous ethanol and water. When the molar ratio of water to titanium iso-propoxide was 0.25 monodispersed spherical TiO2 particles were obtained. The prepared TiO2 powder showed anatase phase after heat treatment at 50$0^{\circ}C$ for 2 h and then transformed to rutile phase after heat treatment at 100$0^{\circ}C$ for 2h. The iso-electric points of TiO2 and Mica were pH 3.9 and pH 3.25 respectively which were measured by the Z-potential analysis in water base. The maximum Z-potential difference between two powders was observed in the range of pH 3.6~3.7 TiO2 powder was adsorbed on the surface of mica by heterocoagulation method in pH 3.6~3,7 The properties of prepared TiO2 powder was haracterized by TG-DTA, XRD and SEM The morphology and thermal properties of TiO2-adsorbed mica were examined.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• 제9권5호
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• pp.317-325
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• 2018

Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) ultrafiltration (UF) membrane was modified by silica sol in the coagulation bath during non-solvent induced phase separation (NIPS) process. The effects of silica sol concentrations on the morphology, surface property, mechanical strength and separation property of PVC UF membranes were systematically investigated. PVC membranes were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), contact angle goniometry and tensile strength measurement. The results showed that silica had been successfully assembled on the surface of PVC UF membrane. With the increase of silica sol concentration in the coagulation bath, the morphologies of PVC UF membranes changed from cavity structure to finger-like pore structure and asymmetric cross-section structure. The hydrophilicity and permeability of PVC UF membranes were further evaluated. When silica sol concentration was 20 wt.%, the modified PVC membrane exhibited the highest hydrophilicity with a static contact angle of $36.5^{\circ}$ and permeability of $91.8(L{\cdot}m^{-2}{\cdot}h^{-1})$. The structure of self-assemble silica had significant impact on the surface property, morphology, mechanical strength and resultant separation performance of the PVC membranes.