• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.7-13
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• 2002

Superoxide dismutase (SOD) plays an important role in cellular defense against oxidative stress in plants. We have developed transgenic tomato plants overexpressing a cassava SOD in fruits. Three transgenic tomato plants (one from cv. Pink forcer and two from cv. Koko) using a new vector system, ASOp :: . mSOD1/pBI101, harboring ascorbate oxidase promoter (ASOp) expressing dominantly in cucumber fruits, CuZnSOD cDNA (mSOD1) isolated from cultured cells of cassava, and nptll gene as a selectable marker were successfully developed. SOD specific activity (units/mg protein) in transgenic fruits of both cultivars was increased with maturation of the fruits. SOD specific activity of well-mature fruits in transgenic Pink forcer and Koko showed approximately 1.6 and 2.2 times higher than control fruits, respectively. The strength of SOD isoenzyme bands well reflected the SOD activity during the fruit maturation. These results suggested that SOD gene was properly introduced into tomato fruits in a fruit-dominant expression manner by ASO promoter.

• The Korean Journal of Pharmacology
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.163-170
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• 1992

The present study was attempted to investigate the effect of cyclobuxine (a steroidal alkaloid) on generation of reactive oxygen metablite and myocardial damage promoted by an exogenous administeration of arachidonate in ischemic-reperfused hearts. Langendorff preparation of the isolated rat heart was made ischemic condition by reducing the flow rate to 0.5 ml/min for 45 min, and then followed by normal reperfusion (7 ml/min) for 5 min. The generation of superoxide anion was estimated by measuring the SOD-inhibitable ferricytochrome C reduction. The degree of lipid peroxidation in myocardial tissue was estimated from the tissue malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration using thiobarbituric acid method. The myocardial cell damage was observed by measuring LDH released into the coronary effluent. Sodium arachidonate $(0.1\;and\;1.0\;{\mu}g/ml)$ infused during the period of oxygenated reperfusion stimulated superoxide anion production dose-dependently. The rate of arachidonate-induced superoxide anion generation was markedly inhibited by cyclobuxine $(1.0\;and\;10\;{\mu}g/ml)$. The production of malondialdehyde was increased by infusion of arachidonate. This increase was prevented by superoxide dismutase (300 U/ml) and cyclobuxine $(1.0\;and\;10\;{\mu}g/ml)$. The release of LDH was increased by sodium arachidonate was also inhibited by superoxide dismutase and cyclobuxine. In conclusion, the present results suggest that cyclobuxine inhibits the production of reactive oxygen metabolite and myocardial damages which were promoted by an administeration of arachidonate during reperfusion of ischemic hearts.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.30 no.1
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• pp.15-21
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• 2006

This study was carried out to determine the antioxidative activities of tissue cells of mouse kidney isolated from mice fed with different formulation of drinks. The swimming ability of experimental groups without caffeine showed the same pattern, but caffeine group decreased slightly. Superoxide dismutase(SOD) and catalase(CAT) activities of caffeine-containing groups were decreased significantly, but the control and ginseng-containing groups were increased. Hydroperoxide contents did not increase significantly all experimental groups. Hydroperoxlde contents of the control and ginseng-containing groups were similar, but caffeine-containing groups increased. Compared to the control and ginseng-containing groups, lipid peroxidation level and protein contents in caffeine-containing groups were decreased significantly. In conclusion, the antioxidative activities of mouse kidney isolated from mice fed with ginseng-containing products was increased slightly.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Radiology
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.439-444
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• 2019

In this study, the radiation protection effects of selenium, known as a powerful antioxidant, were studied. After 14 days of oral injection of selenium into the rat, a full body irradiation of 10 Gy was carried out. And after 1 day, 3.5 day, 7 day and 21 day, we observed blood cell components and superoxide dismutase(SOD) and small intestine changes. Compared to irradiation groups, there was a significant protection effect of reducing the hematopoietic immune system damage in the irradiated group after selenium administration(p<0.05). Then, selenium is a valid ingredient that increases the activity of the superoxide Dismutase(SOD), and it is confirmed that it has an effect of inhibiting apoptosis expression of small intestinal cells by irradiation. Based on these results, selenium is considered to be an essential ingredient for protecting living things from radiation.

• BMB Reports
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.684-689
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• 2007

The endogenous neurotoxin, 1-methyl-6,7-dihydroxy-1,2,3,4-tetrahydroisoquinoline (salsolinol), has been considered a potential causative factor for the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD). In the present study, we examined the pattern of human Cu,Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD) modification elicited by salsolinol. When Cu,Zn-SOD was incubated with salsolinol, some protein fragmentation and some higher molecular weight aggregates were occurred. Salsolinol led to inactivation of Cu,Zn-SOD in a concentration-dependent manner. Free radical scavengers and catalase inhibited the salsolinol-mediated Cu,Zn-SOD modificaiton. Exposure of Cu,Zn-SOD to salsolinol led also to the generation of protein carbonyl compounds. The deoxyribose assay showed that hydroxyl radicals were generated during the oxidation of salsolinol in the presence of Cu,Zn-SOD. Therefore, the results indicate that free radical may play a role in the modification and inactivation of Cu,Zn-SOD by salsolinol.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.15-24
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• 1987

To study effects of heated oil on lipid peroxidation in rat liver, rats were fed 3 and 6 weeks by intubating oils heated for l1(HA group) and 24 hours (HB group) at 18$0^{\circ}C$. The contents of lipid peroxides and vitamin E, and the activities of super oxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase in liver were measured. Histological changes of the liver tissue were observed. In both HA and HE groups, the contents of lipid peroxides and the activities of superoxide dismutase were increased, but the activities of glutathione peroxidase and the contents of vitamin E in liver were decreased when compared to the control group which was fed fresh cora oils. During the oil feeding period, the activities of superoxide dismutase and the contents of vitamin E were not significantly changed, but the activities of glutathione peroxidase were decreased, and lipid peroxides were increased in the 3 weeks than in 6 weeks. In HB liver, the heterochromatin of nucleus increased, mitochondria swellen, cristae in mitochondria disappeared, fat droplet and secondary lysosome increased and lumen of rough endoplasmic reticulum enlarged, compared with that of the control group. These phenomena in HA group were less pronounced.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.50 no.3
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• pp.179-184
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• 2014

Mitigation of heavy metal toxicity by iron containing superoxide dismutase (FeSOD) of Streptomyces subrutilus P5 was investigated. For E. coli $DH5{\alpha}$, the survival rate in the presence of 0.1 mM lead ions was only 7% after 120 min; however, with the addition of $0.1{\mu}M$ of purified native FeSOD the survival rate increased to 39%. This detoxification effect was also shown with 0.01 mM copper ions (survival increased from 6% to 50%), and the effect was stronger than with the use of EDTA. E. coli M15[pREP4] producing 6xHis-tagged FeSOD was constructed, and this showed an increase in survival rates throughout the incubation time; in the presence of 0.1 mM lead ions,the final increase at 60 min was from 3% to 19%. The FeSOD absorbed about 123 g-atom lead per subunit; therefore, we suggest that FeSOD could sequestrate toxic heavy metals to enhance bacterial survival against heavy metal contamination.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.207-213
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• 2014

Purpose: The study was aimed at investigating changes in periodontal parameters and superoxide dismutase activity triggered by root surface debridement with and without micronutrient supplementation in postmenopausal women. Methods: Forty-three postmenopausal chronic periodontitis patients were divided into two groups: group 1 (n=22) were provided periodontal treatment in the form of scaling and root planing (SRP) and group 2 (n=21) patients received SRP along with systemic administration of micronutrient antioxidants. Patients in both groups were subjected to root surface debridement. Group 2 patients also received adjunctive micronutrient antioxidant supplementation. Serum and salivary superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity along with periodontal parameters were recorded at baseline and 3 months after therapy. Results: Salivary and serum SOD values significantly (P<0.05) improved with periodontal treatment. Improvement in systemic enzymatic antioxidant status along with reduction in gingival inflammation and bleeding on probing (%) sites was significantly greater in group 2 as compared to group 1. Conclusions: Adjunctive micronutrient supplements reduce periodontal inflammation and improve the status of systemic enzymatic antioxidants in postmenopausal women.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.727-731
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• 2010

The gene APE0743 encoding the superoxide dismutase (ApSOD) of a hyperthermophilic archaeon Aeropyrum pernix K1 was cloned and overexpressed as a GST fusion protein at a high level in Escherichia coli. The expressed protein was simply purified by the process of glutathione affinity chromatography and thrombin treatment. The ApSOD was a homodimer of 25 kDa subunits and a cambialistic SOD, which was active with either Fe(II) or Mn(II) as a cofactor. The ApSOD was highly stable against high temperature. This thermostable ApSOD is expected to be applicable as a useful biocatalyst for medicine and bioindustrial processes.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.81.1-86
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• 1992

The amounts of ascorbic acid in chloroplasts treated with light and light+paraquat (PQ) were reduced by 81 and 82% of initial level, respectively at 24 hr at incubation. And those treated with dark and dark+PQ were decreased by W and 55% of the original level, respectively. Malondialdehyde (MDA) contents at 24 hr of dark and dark+PQ treatment were increased by 6 and 31% of the initial level, respectively. When chloroplasts were treated with light and light+PQ, MDA contents after 24 hr were increased by 88 and 146% of the initial level, respectively. SOD activities treated with light and light+PQ were increased by 10 and 20% of the initial level, respectively for 3 hr and thereafter reduced by 46 and 49% of the original level, respectively at 24 hr. However, the SOD activities treated with dark and dark+PQ were decreased by 37 and 30% of the initial level, respectively. It is considered that PQ triggers the oxidation of ascorbic acid, the induction of lipid peroxidation and the inactivation of SOD under light so that PQ has inhibitors effect on the pathway of plant metabolism. Key word: ascorbic acid, malondialdehyde, superoxide dismutase, paraquat, lipid peroxidation.