• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.72-77
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• 2008

This paper investgated on fabrication process and tolerance of resistance body with a uniform thickness formed by the process of cavity type on organic substrate for application of embedded resistor. To improve the tolerance of resistance value according to a position of PCB cause by conventional screen printing, we introduced the process of cavity type from organic substrate. A resistor with a desired shape and volume was precisely formed by the process of cavity using a resistor paste and screen printing. This method can increase PCB's productivity by shortening its production time because process conditions of a screen prining device can be set quickly without any affection on its position accuracy.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.399-405
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• 2010

In this paper, the movement faces the problem of the difficult points upon the gaze of the user that corrective action is needed to solve the identification system offers a new perspective. Using the Kalman filter using the position information of the current head position estimated the future. In order to determine the authenticity of the face features of the face structural element information and the processing time is relatively fast horizontal and vertical histogram analysis method to detect the elements of the face. and people grow and infrared bright pupil effect obtained by constructing a real-time pupil detection, tracking and pupil - geulrinteu vectors are extracted.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.7 no.5
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• pp.797-806
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• 2012

Fault detection and isolation (FDI) algorithms provide fault monitoring methods in GPS measurement to isolate abnormal signals from the GPS satellites or the acquired signal in receiver. In order to monitor the occurred faults, FDI generates test statistics and decides the case that is beyond a designed threshold as a fault. For such problem of fault detection and isolation, this paper presents and evaluates position domain integrity monitoring methods by formulating various pseudorange prediction methods and investigating the resulting test statistics. In particular, precise measurements like carrier phase and Doppler rate are employed under the assumption of fault free carrier signal. The presented position domain algorithm contains the following process; first a common pseudorange prediction formula is defined with the proposed variations in pseudorange differential update. Next, a threshold computation is proposed with the test statistics distribution considering the elevation angle. Then, by examining the test statistics, fault detection and isolation is done for each satellite channel. To verify the performance, simulations using the presented fault detection methods are done for an ideal and real fault case, respectively.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.45 no.4
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• pp.246-248
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• 2009

Atlantoaxial rotatory fixation (AARF) in adult is a rare disorder that occurs followed by a trauma. The patients were presented with painful torticollis and a typical 'cock robin' position of the head. The clinical diagnosis is generally difficult and often made in the late stage. In some cases, an irreducible or chronic fixation develops. We reported a case of AARF in adult patient which was treated by immobilization with conservative treatment. A 25-year-old female was presented with a posterior neck pain and limitation of motion of cervical spine after a traffic accident. She had no neurological deficit but suffered from severe defect on the scalp and multiple thoracic compression fractures. Plain radiographs demonstrated torticollis, lateral shift of odontoid process to one side and widening of one side of C1-C2 joint space. Immobilization with a Holter traction were performed and analgesics and muscle relaxants were given. Posterior neck pain and limitation of the cervical spine' motion were resolved. Plain cervical radiographs taken at one month after the injury showed that torticollis disappeared and the dens were in the midline position. The authors reported a case of type I post-traumatic AARF that was successfully treated by immobilization alone.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.1468-1473
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• 2013

This paper dealt with the propagation characteristics of acoustic signals produced by partial discharges and the positioning of PD origin in insulation oil to develop insulation diagnostic techniques of oil-immerged transformers. Electrode systems such as needle to plane, plane to plane, and particle electrodes were fabricated to simulate some defects of power transformers. In addition, the frequency spectrum and propagation characteristics of acoustic signals with partial discharge (PD) in insulation oil were analyzed. Although there were differences based on the type of defect, the frequency spectra of the acoustic signals measured by wide and narrow band acoustic emission (AE) sensors were distributed in the range of 50 kHz-400 kHz. Therefore, a narrowband AE sensor is suitable for the diagnosis of oil-immersed power transformers. We could find the position of the PD source with an error margin of 10% in the experiments by calculating the position of the PD occurrence using the time difference of arrival measured by five AE sensors.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.18-25
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• 2003

A haptic hand controller (HHC) operated by the user’s hand can receive information on position and orientation of the hand and display force and moment generated in the virtual environment to the hand. In this paper, a 3-DOF hand controller is first presented, in which all the actuators are mounted on the fixed base by combining a 5-bar linkage and a gimbal mechanism. The 6-DOF HHC is then designed by connecting these two 3-DOF devices through a handle which consists of a screw and nut. Analysis using performance index is carried out to determine the dimensions of the device. The HHC control system consists of the high-level controller for kinematic and static analysis and the low-level controller for position sensing and motor control. The HHC used as a user interface to control the mobile robot in the virtual environment is given as a simple application.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2009.06a
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• pp.121-125
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• 2009

There have been many developed systems for harnessing the solar energy such as solar water heaters, solar thermal power systems, PV systems, daylighting and solar hydrogen systems. all of them are capable of reducing $CO_2$ emission. However, the efficiency of those systems which work without a solar tracker is lower. This paper is a step by step procedure for fabrication and a performance test of a solar tracking system. The system developed in this study consists of motion controllers, motor drives, step-motors, feedback devices and application. CdS sensors are introduced into the solar tracking system for playing a primary role in poor conditions for tracking due to a gear backlash and a strong wind. Mini-dish was used as a concentrator for collecting sun light. The solar position data, in terms of azimuth and elevation, sunrise and sunset times was compared with those of KASI(Korea Astronomy & Space Science Institute). The results presented in this article provide the high accuracy of the present system in solar tracking and indicate a potential for energy savings.

• The Journal of Korea Robotics Society
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.107-114
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• 2020

In robotic harvesting, a gripper to manipulate the fruits needs to be attached to the robot system. We proposed a flexible robot gripper that can actively respond to the shape of an object such as fruits in the previous work. However, we found that there is a possibility of not being reliably gripped when the object slides during contact with a finger. In this paper, the improved gripper design is proposed to fundamentally solve the problems of the previous gripper. The position of the finger and the maximum closed position are changed, and the design improvement is performed to increase the grip stability by changing the installation angle of the link portion of the finger. Based on the improved design, a modified gripper is fabricated by 3-D printing, and then gripping experiments are performed on spherical object and fruit model object. It is shown that the gripper can stably grip the objects without excessive bending of the finger link of the gripper. The contact pressure between the finger and the surface of the object is measured, and it is verified that it is a sufficiently small pressure that does not cause damage to the fruit. Therefore, the proposed gripper is expected to be successfully applied in harvesting.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.147-150
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• 2014

Objective: Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine (CERM) converted its language to English only beginning with the first issue of 2011. From that point in time, one of the goals of the journal has been to become a truly international journal. This paper aims to identify the position of CERM in its scholarly journal network based on the journal's metrics. Methods: The journal's metrics, including citations, countries of author affiliation, and countries of citing authors, Hirsch index, and proportion of funded articles, were gathered from Web of Science and analyzed. Results: The two-year impact factor of 2013 was calculated at 0.971 excluding self-citation, which corresponds to a Journal Citation Reports ranking of 85.9% in the category of obstetrics and gynecology. In 2012, 2013, and 2014, the total citations were 17, 68, and 85, respectively. Authors from nine countries contributed to CERM. Researchers from 25 countries cited CERM in their articles. The Hirsch index was six. Out of 88 original articles, 35 studies received funds (39.8%). Conclusion: Based on the journal metrics, changing the journal language to English was found to be successful in promoting CERM to international journal status.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.449-454
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• 2011

The infection of pandemic influenza viruses such as swine flu (H1N1) and avian flu viruses to the host cells is related to the following two factors: First, the surface protein such as HA (hemagglutinin) and NA (neuraminidase) of the influenza virus. Second, the specific structure of the oligosaccharide [sialic acid(${\alpha}2$-6) galactose(${\beta}1$-4)glucose or sialic acid(${\alpha}2$-3)galactose(${\beta}1$-4)glucose] on the host cell. After recognizing the specific structure of the oligosaccharide on the surface of host cells by the surface protein of the influenza virus, the influenza virus can secrete sialidase and cleave the sialic acid attached on the final position of the specific structure of the oligosaccharide on the surface of host cells. Tamiflu (oseltamivir), known as a remedy of swine flu, has a saccharide analog structure, especially the sialic acid analog. Tamiflu can inhibit the invasion of influenza viruses (swine flu and avian flu viruses) into the host cells by competition with sialic acid on the terminal position of the specific oligosaccharide on the surface of the host cell. Because of the emergence of Tamiflu resistance, the development of new potent anti-influenza inhibitors is needed. The inhibitors with positive-charge groups have potential as antiviral therapeutics, and the strain specificity must also be resolved.