• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
• /
• 제33권1호
• /
• pp.17-25
• /
• 2017

Two marine gastrotrich species of the genus Acanthodasys, A. ericinus Lee, 2012 and A. comtus Lee, 2012, are taxonomically reconsidered. Both of them were originally described based on the specimens from intertidal or sublittoral sandy bottom of the Yellow Sea and Jeju Island, South Korea, and included in a monographical publication of in 2012. However, the description of them was quite insufficient, and designations of type specimens were entirely lacking. In this study, we make a subsequent designation of type specimens for the two Acanthodasys species, and carry out a full redescription of them with additional remarks on their morphological micro-characteristics by scanning electronic microscopy. Some brief nomenclatural notes on Korean marine gastrotrichs are also provided.

• 농촌계획
• /
• 제15권4호
• /
• pp.161-172
• /
• 2009

This study focuses on the application of landscape planning(i.e. including rural landscape character area designation and rural landscape planning etc.). That application of landscape planning provides the probably most operable and comprehensive version of what is generally accepted by the discipline. According to the planning discipline the schemes of planning are to; Firstly, we derived the improvement of landscape and the methods of landscape characterization subsequent to analyze the present condition and grasp the landscape resources in Yesan via reviewing the current study and field survey. Secondly, in order to achieve environmentally friendly rural landscape plan and characteristic rural landscape creation, we planed the draft landscape area such as woodland, hydrology area, urbanized area, rural communities, etc. which was classified by sphere of life moreover, we planed partly outdoor facilities, road and colour suchlike. Thirdly, we tried to seek the programme of conservation and utilization for scenic and characteristic rural landscape area via rural landscape character area designation. Lastly, it is proposed that rural landscape planning lead to inhabitant participation, system improvement, subject performance for carrying out efficient rural landscape planning.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
• /
• 제16권2호
• /
• pp.196-201
• /
• 1994

One case of an unusual form of carcinoma involving the submucosal gland and duct of tongue was reported and reviewed. According to Gerughty et al(1968) four distinct component parts were classified : ductal carcinoma in situ(involvement of the ductal epithelium by in situ carcinomatous changes), squamous cell carcinoma, and a mixed carcinoma(combination of glandular and squamous characteristics and occasionally consisted of large nests composed of "glassy" cell). This tumor was fond to be extremely aggressive and highly malignant. The histopathologic features and the clinical behavior of this tumor were sufficiently distinctive to warrant the designation adenosquamous carcinoma : exhibit concomitant glandular and squamous neoplasm. The mode of therapy was evaluated and the treatment of choice appears to be radical surgery. So, we has done the radical neck dissection and partial glossectomy. However, the limited number of cases indicated that collection and subsequent analysis of additional cases must be performed before any definitive conclusion can be drawn.

• Strategy21
• /
• 통권33호
• /
• pp.37-64
• /
• 2014

The year 2010 has been regarded as a year of China's assertive diplomacy. A series of China's behavior--including China's critical reaction to the U.S. for its sales of weapons to Taiwan, the Dalai Lama's visit to President Obama, China's arbitrary designation of 'core interests' over the South China Sea, China's inordinate reactions to the sinking of the Cheonan and Yeonpyeong bombardment, and China's activities in the Senkaku/Diaoyu island areas--has served as the witnesses to China's assertive diplomacy in 2010. The major causes of China's assertive diplomacy can be summed up by three factors: potential power transition from U.S. to China; emerging China's nationalism; and the recession of the Tao Guang Yang Hui as a diplomatic principle. But a majority of Western sinologists claim that China's assertive diplomacy is defensive in terms of its character. China's neighboring states, however, perceive its assertive diplomacy as diplomatic threat. Due to these states' geographical proximity and capability gaps with China, these neighbors experience difficulties in coping with China's behavior. In particular, China's coercive economic diplomacy, in which China tends to manipulate the neighbors' economic dependency on China for its diplomatic leverage, is a case in point for China's assertive diplomacy. China's assertiveness seems to be continued even after the inauguration of Xi Jinping government. Although the Xi government's diplomatic rhetorics in "New Type of Great Power Relationship" and the "Convention for Neighboring States Policy" sound friendly and cooperative, its subsequent behavior, like unilateral announcement of Chinese Air Defense Identification Zone (CADIZ), does not conform with its rhetoric. Overall, China's assertiveness has been consolidated as a fashion of its diplomacy, and it is likely to continue in its relations with neighbors. As a neighboring state, the ROK should approach to it with more balanced attitude. In addition, it needs to find out a new diplomatic leverage to deal with China in accordance with its security environment, in which China plays a growing role.

• Current Optics and Photonics
• /
• 제2권3호
• /
• pp.241-249
• /
• 2018

We report a midinfrared dual-field-of-view (FOV) optical system design for an airborne electro-optical targeting system. To achieve miniaturization and weight reduction of the system, it has a common aperture and fore-optics for three different spectral wavelength bands: an electro-optic (EO) band ($0.6{\sim}0.9{\mu}m$), a midinfrared (IR) band ($3.6{\sim}4.9{\mu}m$), and a designation laser wavelength ($1.064{\mu}m$). It is free to steer the line of sight by rotating the pitch and roll axes. Our design co-aligns the roll axis, and the line of sight therefore has a fixed entrance pupil position for all optical paths, unlike previously reported dual-FOV designs, which dispenses with image coregistration that is otherwise required. The fore-optics is essentially an achromatized, collimated beam reducer for all bands. Following the fore-optics, the bands are split into the dual-FOV IR path and the EO/laser path by a beam splitter. The subsequent dual-FOV IR path design consists of a zoom lens group and a relay lens group. The IR path with the fore-optics provides two stepwise FOVs ($1.50^{\circ}{\times}1.20^{\circ}$ to $5.40^{\circ}{\times}4.32^{\circ}$), due to the insertion of two Si lenses into the zoom lens group. The IR optical system is designed in such a way that the location and f-number (f/5.3) of the cold stop internally provided by the IR detector are maintained when changing the zoom. The design also satisfies several important performance requirements, including an on-axis modulation transfer function (MTF) that exceeds 10% at the Nyquist frequency of the IR detector pitch, with distortion of less than 2%.

• Wind and Structures
• /
• 제27권5호
• /
• pp.347-356
• /
• 2018

In this paper, stress distribution for a structurally stable greenhouse is considered in the present paper with subsequent investigation into the detailed stress distribution contour with the variation of self-weight and wind pressure level designation method under wind velocity of less than 30 m/sec. For reliable analysis, wind pressure coefficients of a single greenhouse unit were modeled and compared with experiment with correlation coefficient greater than 0.99. Wind load level was designated twofold: direct mapping of fluid dynamic analysis and conversion of modeled results into wind pressure coefficients ($C_P$). Finally, design criteria of EN1991-1-4 and NEN3859 were applied in terms of their wind pressure coefficients for comparison. $C_P$ of CFD result was low in the most of the modeled area but was high only in the first roof wind facing and the last lee facing areas. Besides, structural analysis results were similar in terms of stress distribution as per EN and direct mapping while NEN revealed higher level of stress for the last roof area. The maximum stress levels are arranged in decreasing order of mapping, EN, and NEN, generating 8% error observed between the EN and mapping results under 30 m/sec of wind velocity. On the other hand, effect of dead weight on the stress distribution was investigated via variation of high stress position with wind velocity, confirming shift of such position from the center to the forward head wind direction. The sensitivity of stress for wind velocity was less than 0.8% and negligible at wind velocity greater than 20 m/sec, thus eliminating self-weight effect.

• 한국중재학회지:중재연구
• /
• 제28권3호
• /
• pp.35-53
• /
• 2018

The purpose of this paper is to focus on the development of the arbitration system, such as the establishment of the arbitration industry and expanding the scope of arbitration fields. The solution method of arbitration differs greatly from that of the court's trial process. This can be seen in the way of autonomous conflict resolution. Therefore, the role of arbitrator is a very important function. In this sense, it seems necessary to establish a professional arbitrator system. Now the Arbitration Promotion Act has been enacted and interest in the arbitration industry is also rising. It is necessary to deal effectively with new incidents according to changes in the legal environment internationally. In order to do this, it is imperative to train professional arbitrators. A training plan for arbitration manager to assist this is now under consideration. The coming of the Fourth Industrial Revolution and the growth of artificial intelligence (AI) technology will simply stop the uniform way of determining winners by lawsuits. Even in new companies entering new markets as well as overseas companies, assistance from arbitration experts is indispensable in order to effectively deal with international trade disputes that will develop in the future. In addition to fostering the arbitration industry, it is necessary to train experts in domestic and foreign arbitration and arbitration practitioners to provide high-quality legal services. For these human resource development measures, we will explore the subject and procedural methods. The Arbitrators Association should concentrate on these matters and be cautious when focusing on the training of arbitrators and arbitration managers through the selection process. The Arbitrators Association must strengthen the level of new education (designation / consignment). Measures must be taken in order to grant such procedures as well as subsequent steps.

• 항공우주시스템공학회지
• /
• 제17권4호
• /
• pp.95-103
• /
• 2023

항공기 엔진부품 수리는 항공기 산업 계층구조 중 맨 하위 단에 속하는 분야로서, 상위 단에 속하는 항공기 제작이나 정비와 비교하면 연구에서 소외된 면이 있으나, 2019년 대한항공 엔진정비공장에서 엔진부품 수리를 위해 외국에 지불한 비용이 $1.3억에 달할 정도로 큰 비중을 차지하고 있어 국산화의 필요성이 큰 산업 분야이다. 엔진 부품수리 국산화 목표 달성을 위해서는 수리기술 개발을 기반으로, 엔진제작사와의 계약관계의 조율, 엔진제작사나 외국 수리업체의 의존으로부터 탈피 등 여러 조건이 있으나, 독자적인 수리를 할 수 있는 인증체계의 확보 역시 필요하다. 이 연구의 목적은 이와 같은 인증체계의 확보에 대한 필요성을 제시함으로써, 실질적으로 인증체계를 확보하고자 노력하는 후속 연구에 토대가 되고자 한다.

• 한국산림과학회지
• /
• 제100권3호
• /
• pp.522-534
• /
• 2011

본 연구의 목적은 ABS 사례연구를 통해 우리나라 산림 임업 분야 대응정책과제를 도출하는 것이다. 식물종에 대한 대표적인 ABS 선례 조사를 통해 가장 최근 ABS 협정이 이루어진 후디아를 연구대상으로 선정하였다. 후디아 ABS 진행배경을 분석하였고, 2002년 CBD COP6 회의에서 선정된 '본 가이드라인'의 ABS 절차와 후디아 사례를 비교분석하였다. 분석결과 도출된 ABS 주요공통사항과 2010년 CBD COP10 회의에서 선정된 '나고야의정서'와 함께 우리나라가 현재 당면해 있는 과제 및 역할관계를 조명하고자 하였다. 연구결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 종 서식지를 생물분류별로 나누어 그에 따른 지역공동체를 설립하고 지역 주체적 생산, 관리, 감시 등의 기반시설을 조성하여야 할 것이다. 2. 전반적인 ABS 관련 정보공유, 관련협약 이행증진 및 모니터링을 위한 ABS 국가연락기관이 지정되어야 할 것이다. 3. 입법적, 행정적, 정책적 절차에 따른 ABS 협약체계 구축, PIC 및 MAT 양식제공 및 내용평가 확인을 위한 국가책임기관의 지정이 필요할 것이다. 4. ABS 관련 산림생물자원의 연구개발 및 관련 연구사업의 통합적 관리시스템이 구축되어야 할 것이다. 5. 생물자원별 소관 부처간 책임 및 역할분배를 통한 정보개발이 이루어져야 할 것이며 상호간 호환성 있는 시스템 개발을 위한 산학연구기관의 워킹그룹개설을 지향되어야 할 것이다. 6. 부처별 담당생물자원의 ABS 지원센터를 설립하여 산업계와 국민의 효율적인 접근을 도모해야 할 것이다. 7. 지역공동체 권리확보, ABS 협약 이행의 모니터링을 위한 국가감시기관의 선정과 국내 산림생물자원 해외유출 방지를 위한 대응체계가 구축되어야 할 것이다. 이와 같은 결과를 통해 우리나라 자생산림생물주권확립을 위한 대응방안을 모색할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국환경생태학회지
• /
• 제22권5호
• /
• pp.521-529
• /
• 2008

전라남도에 위치한 무안만 연안습지를 4개 영역(동암, 구로, 복룡 및 완산 갯벌)의 갯벌로 구분하여 수조류의 서식지 이용, 갯벌의 가치 및 등급평가를 위해 2007년 2월부터 10월까지 계절별로 4회에 걸쳐 이 지역에 도래하는 수조류를 조사하였다. 논병아리류 2종, 백로류 7종, 수면성 오리류 7종, 잠수성 오리류 6종, 섭금류 20종, 갈매기 3종 및 기타 9종 등을 포함하여 54종 15,755개체의 수조류가 관찰되었으며, 9,291개체가 관찰된 섭금류가 우점 분류군으로 나타났다. 이들 분류군에서 갈매기류와 섭금류는 동암갯벌을 이용하는 비율이 높았으며, 구로갯벌을 이용하는 분류군은 주로 수면성 및 잠수성 오리류와 논병아리류로 나타났다. 종과 개체수를 고려한 UPGMA 군집분석 결과, 동암갯벌과 복룡갯벌이 밀접한 유사성을 보였으며 구로갯벌과 왕산갯벌이 유사하게 나타났다. 수조류의 다양도지수, 풍부도지수, 우점도지수 등의 생태적 지수, 법적보호종 및 최대 개체수 등을 기준으로 해서 갯벌등급을 살펴보았을 때, 복룡갯벌의 가치 및 중요도 순위가 다른 3개 갯벌보다 높게 나타났다. 이와 같이 수조류에 의한 갯벌 등급화는 중요한 갯벌지역의 판단 및 지정, 그에 따른 효율적인 보전과 관리에 있어서 객관적인 자료를 제시할 순 있을 것으로 판단된다.