• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.30 no.8
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• pp.1061-1065
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• 2017

Objective: This study was conducted to locate quantitative trait loci (QTL) influencing fatty acid (FA) composition in a large $F_2$ intercross between Landrace and Korean native pigs. Methods: Eighteen FA composition traits were measured in more than 960 $F_2$ progeny. All experimental animals were genotyped with 165 microsatellite markers located throughout the pig autosomes. Results: We detected 112 QTLs for the FA composition; Forty seven QTLs reached the genome-wide significant threshold. In particular, we identified a cluster of highly significant QTLs for FA composition on SSC12. QTL for polyunsaturated fatty acid on pig chromosome 12 (F-value = 97.2 under additive and dominance model, nominal p-value $3.6{\times}10^{-39}$) accounted for 16.9% of phenotypic variance. In addition, four more QTLs for C18:1, C18:2, C20:4, and monounsaturated fatty acids on the similar position explained more than 10% of phenotypic variance. Conclusion: Our findings of a major QTL for FA composition presented here could provide helpful information to locate causative variants to improve meat quality traits in pigs.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.30 no.3C
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• pp.83-91
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• 2005

We analyze the performance of an adaptive hybrid search code acquisition algorithm for direct-sequence code division multiple access (DS-CDMA) systems under slowly-moving mobile environments. The code acquisition algorithm is designed to provide the desired feature of constant false alarm rate (CFAR) to cope with nonstationarity of the interference in CDMA forward links. An analytical expression for the mean acquisition time is first derived and the probabilities of detection, miss, and false alarm are then obtained for frequency-selective Rayleigh fading environments. The fading envelope of a received signal is assumed to be constant over the duration of post-detection integration (PDI), considering slow fading environments. Finally, the performance of the designed code acquisition algorithm shall be evaluated numerically to examine the effect of some design parameters such as the sub-window size, size of the PDI, decision threshold, and so on, considering cdma2000 environments.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.194-201
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• 2004

Optical fibers are indispensable fer optical communication systems that transmit large volumes of data at high speed. But the aligning technology under the sub-micron accuracy is required for the precise axis adjustment and connection. For the purpose of precise alignment of the optical arrays, in this research, we have developed the 12-axis(with 8 automated axis and 4 manual axis) automatic optical fiber alignment system including the image processing-based searching system, the automatic loading system using the robot and the suction toot and the automatic UV bonding system. In order to obtain the sub-micron alignment accuracy, two 4-axis PC-based motion controllers and the two 50nm resolution 6-aixs micro-stage actuated by micro stepping motors are adopted. The fiber aligning procedure consists of two steps. Firstly, the optical wave guide and an input optical array are aligned by the 6-axis input micro-stage with the IR camera. The image processing technique is introduced to reduce primary manual aligning time and result in achieving the 50% decrease of aligning time. Secondly, the IR camera is replaced by the output micro-stage and a wave guide and two optical arrays are aligned simultaneously before the laser power intensity delivered to the optical powermeter reached the threshold value. When the aligning procedure is finished, the wave guide and arrays are W bonded. The automatic loading/unloading system is also introduced and the entire wave guide handing time is reduced significantly compared to the former commercial aligning system.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.65-74
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• 2017

Here we investigated the central processing mechanisms of mechanical allodynia and found a direct excitatory link with low-threshold input to nociceptive neurons. Experiments were performed on male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing 230-280 g. Subcutaneous injection of interleukin 1 beta ($IL-1{\beta}$) ($1ng/10{\mu}L$) was used to produce mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia. Intracisternal administration of bicuculline, a gamma aminobutyric acid A ($GABA_A$) receptor antagonist, produced mechanical allodynia in the orofacial area under normal conditions. However, intracisternal administration of bicuculline (50 ng) produced a paradoxical anti-allodynic effect under inflammatory pain conditions. Pretreatment with resiniferatoxin (RTX), which depletes capsaicin receptor protein in primary afferent fibers, did not alter the paradoxical anti-allodynic effects produced by the intracisternal injection of bicuculline. Intracisternal injection of bumetanide, an Na-K-Cl cotransporter (NKCC 1) inhibitor, reversed the $IL-1{\beta}$-induced mechanical allodynia. In the control group, application of GABA ($100{\mu}M$) or muscimol ($3{\mu}M$) led to membrane hyperpolarization in gramicidin perforated current clamp mode. However, in some neurons, application of GABA or muscimol led to membrane depolarization in the $IL-1{\beta}$-treated rats. These results suggest that some large myelinated $A{\beta}$ fibers gain access to the nociceptive system and elicit pain sensation via $GABA_A$ receptors under inflammatory pain conditions.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.30 no.10
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• pp.1500-1506
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• 2017

Objective: High $NH_3$ emissions from poultry houses are reported to have negative impacts on health, welfare and safety of birds and humans, and on the environment. Objective of the present study was to determine the effects of two litter amendments on the $NH_3$ levels in broiler closed houses under hot-humid conditions. Methods: Giving a completely randomize design, nine closed houses, each housed 32,500 birds on paddy husk litter, were randomly allocated into two treatment (Mizuho; a bacterial culture mix and Rydall OE; an enzymatic biocatalyst) and control groups. $NH_3$ levels were determined thrice a day (0600, 1200, and 1800 h), at three heights from the litter surface (30, 90, and 150 cm), at 20 predetermined locations of a house, from day 1 to 41. Results: Rydall significantly reduced the $NH_3$ level compared to control and Mizuho. $NH_3$ levels at 30 cm were significantly higher than that of 90 and 150 cm. The $NH_3$ levels at 30 cm height were higher than 25 ppm level from day 9, 11, and 13 in Mizuho, control, and Rydall groups, respectively to day 41. $NH_3$ levels at 150 cm height were higher than maximum threshold limit of 50 ppm for human exposure from day 12, 14, and 15 in Mizuho, control, and Rydall groups, respectively to day 33. Being significantly different among each other, the $NH_3$ level was highest and lowest at 0600 and 1800 h. Litter amendments had no significant effects on growth performance. Rydall significantly increased the litter N content on day 24. Conclusion: It was concluded that the $NH_3$ levels of closed house broiler production facilities under tropical condition are so high that both birds and workers are exposed to above recommended levels during many days of the growing period. Compared to microbial culture, the enzymatic biocatalyst was found to be more effective in reducing $NH_3$ level.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.33 no.6A
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• pp.577-582
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• 2008

In this paper, we present a scheme to overcome the worst case complexity of the sphere decoder. If the number of visited nodes reaches the threshold, the detected symbol vector is determined between two candidate symbol vectors. One candidate symbol vector is obtained from the demodulated output of ZF receiver which is initial stage of the sphere decoder. The other candidate symbol vector consists of two sub-symbol vectors. The first sub-symbol vector consists of lately visited nodes running from the most upper layer. The second one contains corresponding demodulated outputs of ZF receiver. Between these two candidate symbol vectors, the one with smaller euclidean distance to the received symbol vector is chosen as detected symbol vector. In addition, we show the upper bound of symbol error rate performance for the sphere decoder using the proposed scheme. In the simulation, the proposed scheme shows the significant reduction of the worst case complexity while having negligible SER performance degradation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.285-292
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• 2013

This study proposes a network matching method based on a network division technique. The proposed method generates polygons surrounded by links of the original network dataset, and detects corresponding polygon group pairs using a intersection-based graph clustering. Then corresponding sub-network pairs are obtained from the polygon group pairs. To perform the geometric correction between them, the Iterative Closest Points algorithm is applied to the nodes of each corresponding sub-networks pair. Finally, Hausdorff distance analysis is applied to find link pairs of networks. To assess the feasibility of the algorithm, we apply it to the networks from the KTDB center and commercial CNS company. In the experiments, several Hausdorff distance thresholds from 3m to 18m with 3m intervals are tested and, finally, we can get the F-measure of 0.99 when using the threshold of 15m.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.1135-1142
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• 2015

Multilayered ZnO-$SnO_2$ heterostructure thin films consisting of ZnO and $SnO_2$ layers are produced by alternating the pulsed laser ablation of ZnO and $SnO_2$ targets, and their structural and field-effect electronic transport properties are investigated as a function of the thickness of the ZnO and $SnO_2$ layers. The performance parameters of amorphous multilayered ZnO-$SnO_2$ heterostructure thin-film transistors (TFTs) are highly dependent on the thickness of the ZnO and $SnO_2$ layers. A highest electron mobility of $43cm^2/V{\cdot}s$, a low subthreshold swing of a 0.22 V/dec, a threshold voltage of 1 V, and a high drain current on-to-off ratio of $10^{10}$ are obtained for the amorphous multilayered ZnO(1.5nm)-$SnO_2$(1.5 nm) heterostructure TFTs, which is adequate for the operation of next-generation microelectronic devices. These results are presumed to be due to the unique electronic structure of amorphous multilayered ZnO-$SnO_2$ heterostructure film consisting of ZnO, $SnO_2$, and ZnO-$SnO_2$ interface layers.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.39 no.8
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• pp.17-23
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• 2002

The SrS:CuCl TFEL devices were fabricated by electron-beam deposition and the luminescent characteristics of the fabricated SrS:CuCl TFEL devices were studied. The SrS powder was used as the host materials and 0.05 ~ 0.6 at% of CuCl powder was added as the luminescent center. The deposition conditions of substrate temperature, electron beam current, and deposition rate were 500 $^{\circ}C$ , 20 ~ 40 mA, and 5 ~ 10 /sec, respectively The total thickness of the phosphor layer deposited was 6000 . The blue emission at low CuCl concentrations was observed from the luminescent centers of monomer, dimer, trimer, and tetramer, The bright greenish blue emission at high CuCl concentrations was observed from the dimer and trimer luminescent centers. The maxium luminance was observed from the SrS:CuCl TFEL devices doped with 0.2 at% of CuCl concentration and the threshold voltage, luminance(L$_{40}$ ), efficiency(η$_{20}$) and CIE coordinate obtained were 55 V, 728 cd/$m^2$, 0.49 lm/w, and (0.21, 0.33), respectively..

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.27 no.11
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• pp.1733-1736
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• 2006

A new biologically active peptide with structural similarity to neuromedin N (NMN) has been isolated from extracts of visceral tissue of the African lungfish, Protopterus dolloi, using the rectum of the quail as the bioassay system. The primary structure of NMN-related peptide was established as Lys-Ala-Pro-Tyr-Ile-Leu-OH ([$Ala_2$]-NMN) and contained one substitution ($Ala_2\rightarrow$Ile) compared with the porcine NMN. [$Ala_2$]-NMN was found to have an excitatory effect on rectal muscle tissues of quail (Coturnix japonica), newt (Cynops pyrrhogaster) and black bass (Micropterus sulmoides). The threshold concentration of [Ala2]-NMN for contraction of C. japonica muscle was found to be approximately $10^-11$M. [$Ala_2$]-NMN showed contractile activities in the following order: C. japonica > C. pyrrhogaster > M. sulmoides. The identification of [Ala2]-NMN provides evidence that NMN family, hitherto confined to mammals, has a widespread occurrence in lungfish.