• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.21 no.5
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• pp.399-410
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• 2012

Due to development of modern medical services and economics, people raised expectation and demand about medical services from previous disease treatment to comprehensive health care covering prevention and health care. Responses of each medical facility to these social needs and the evolution of concept of medicine rapidly occur. The health examination centers are being operated with the purpose of health examination and this trend is reflected on several aspects such as the size of the facilities, function and configuration of space in health examination centers. Thus, health examination centers consisting of various space systems appear, but this trend and interpretations are lacking. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to draw trends of system through analysis of types and its evolved space systematic analysis and establish it. Analysis targets were classified into small, medium and large groups by sizes based on number of space and a total of 12 health examination centers in four for each category were selected. As research methods, functional relationship of space was examined through analysis of type in which segmentalized type tools were applied in local units. The flow diagram was established based on direction turning point and was classified into sub-flow and main-flow in local units and the systems between local units were derived. Finally, the results of this study can be summarized as the following three results. 1) The space connection system of health examination center showed four systems such as circulation, independence, continuation, and network. 2) Local type indicators and global type indicators which were evolved more from limitation of type analysis tools in existing research were derived so that more systematic analysis could be made. 3) Network system is distributed approach system and space for each function is formed around public space.

• The Journal of Korean Society for School & Community Health Education
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.113-125
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• 2012

Objectives: This study was aimed to inspect what relation there exists between the elderly's social support, self-esteem and the suicidal thinking, and examined factors influencing their suicidal ideation. Methods: For 207 old persons above 65 residing at Seoul, questionnaire survey was performed for 4 weeks. For response data, t-test and ANOVA, Pearson's Correlation Coefficient and Multiple Regression Analysis were performed using spss 18.0 program. Results: The results of analysis are like followings. 1. As for the social support according to the general characteristics, there was statistically significant difference in sex distinction, religion, living arrangement, educational level, monthly allowance and mode to use spare time. As for self-esteem according to the general characteristics, there was statistically significant difference in sex distinction, religion, living arrangement and monthly allowance. And as for the suicidal ideation, there was statistically significant difference in the marital status. 2. As for the relation between the social support, self-esteem and the suicidal ideation, it showed statistically very significant positive correlation in the social support and self-esteem. And there existed relatively higher positive correlation in family support among sub-factors of the social support and the positive self-recognition among sub-factors of self-esteem. 3. It showed that positive and negative self-recognition as sub-factors of self-esteem, others' support as sub-factor of the social support influence on the suicidal ideation. In other words, as positive self-recognition was lower, as negative self-recognition was higher, as social support of others was lower, they had much more effect on the suicidal ideation of the elderly. And it showed about 36.1% of the explanatory capability. Conclusions: Health care providers should develop school health education for the elderly.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.583-590
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• 2020

Deinococcus actinosclerus BM2^T (GenBank: KT448814) is a radio-resistant bacterium that is newly isolated from the soil of a rocky hillside in Seoul. As an extremophile, D. actinosclerus BM2^T may possess anti-inflammatory properties that may be beneficial to human health. In this study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory effects of BM2U, an aqueous extract of D. actinosclerus BM2^T, on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-mediated inflammatory responses in RAW264.7 macrophage cells. BM2U showed antioxidant capacity, as determined by the DPPH radical scavenging (IC₅₀ = 349.3 ㎍/ml) and ORAC (IC₅₀ = 50.24 ㎍/ml) assays. At 20 ㎍/ml, BM2U induced a significant increase in heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression (p < 0.05). BM2U treatment (0.2-20 ㎍/ml) significantly suppressed LPS-induced increase in the mRNA expression of proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6 (p < 0.05). BM2U treatment also suppressed the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), which are involved in the production of inflammatory mediators. BM2U treatment also inhibited the activation of nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs): JNK, ERK, and p-38 (p < 0.05). Collectively, BM2U exhibited anti-inflammatory potential that can be exploited in attenuating inflammatory responses.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.50
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• pp.97-107
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• 2023

Malaria remains to be one of the most severe global public health concerns. Traditionally, Aspilia Africana and Warburgia ugandensis have been used to treat malaria in several African countries for millennia. In the current study, A. africana calli (AaC), A. africana in vitro roots (AaIR), A. africana wild leaf (AaWL), and W. ugandensis stem bark (WuSB) were dried and pulverized. Fourier transform near-infrared spectroscopy was used to analyze the powdered samples, while 80% ethanolic extracts of each sample were assayed for antiplasmodial activity (against Plasmodium falciparum strains DD2 (chloroquine-resistant) and 3D7 (chloroquine-sensitive)) and cytotoxicity. WuSB showed the highest antiplasmodial activity (IC₅₀ = 1.57 ± 0.210 ㎍/ml and 8.92 ± 0.365 ㎍/ml against P. falciparum 3D7 and DD2, respectively) and selectivity indices (43.90 ± 7.914 and 7.543 ± 0.051 for P. falciparum 3D7 and DD2, respectively). The highest total polyphenolic contents (total phenolic and flavonoid contents of 367.9 ± 3.55 mg GAE/g and 203.9 ± 1.43 mg RUE/g, respectively) were recorded for WuSB and the lowest were recorded for AaC. The antiplasmodial activities of the tested plant tissues correlated positively with total polyphenolic content. The high selectivity indices of WuSB justify its traditional applications in treating malaria and present it as a good candidate for discovering new antimalarial compounds. We recommend elicitation treatment for AaIR, which showed moderate antiplasmodial activity against P. falciparum DD2, to increase its secondary metabolite production for optimal antimalarial activity.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.27 no.1
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• pp.39-48
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• 2023

Spinal nerve injury causes mechanical allodynia and structural imbalance of neurotransmission, which were typically associated with calcium overload. Storeoperated calcium entry (SOCE) is considered crucial elements-mediating intracellular calcium homeostasis, ion channel activity, and synaptic plasticity. However, the underlying mechanism of SOCE in mediating neuronal transmitter release and synaptic transmission remains ambiguous in neuropathic pain. Neuropathic rats were operated by spinal nerve ligations. Neurotransmissions were assessed by whole-cell recording in substantia gelatinosa. Immunofluorescence staining of STIM1 with neuronal and glial biomarkers in the spinal dorsal horn. The endoplasmic reticulum stress level was estimated from qRT-PCR. Intrathecal injection of SOCE antagonist SKF96365 dose-dependently alleviated mechanical allodynia in ipsilateral hind paws of neuropathic rats with ED₅₀ of 18 ㎍. Immunofluorescence staining demonstrated that STIM1 was specifically and significantly expressed in neurons but not astrocytes and microglia in the spinal dorsal horn. Bath application of SKF96365 inhibited enhanced miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents in a dosage-dependent manner without affecting miniature inhibitory postsynaptic currents. Mal-adaption of SOCE was commonly related to endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress in the central nervous system. SKF96365 markedly suppressed ER stress levels by alleviating mRNA expression of C/ EBP homologous protein and heat shock protein 70 in neuropathic rats. Our findings suggested that nerve injury might promote SOCE-mediated calcium levels, resulting in long-term imbalance of spinal synaptic transmission and behavioral sensitization, SKF96365 produces antinociception by alleviating glutamatergic transmission and ER stress. This work demonstrated the involvement of SOCE in neuropathic pain, implying that SOCE might be a potential target for pain management.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.388-399
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• 2018

Purpose: The aim of this qualitative study was to identify the experiences of smoking and smoking cessation in out-of-school youth. Methods: The participants were 12 out-of-school youths belonging the Youth support Center located in A and B area. The data were collected from January 8 to 15, 2018, using a FGI(Focus Group Interview). The main sub-domains of the experiences of smoking and smoking cessation in out-of-school youth by 7 questions were categorized from the intrapersonal, interpersonal, organizational, and community factors in ecological model. Results: The motivation, continuity, disadvantage of smoking experiences of out-of-school youth were analyzed in 10 sub-domains (curiosity, friend's invitation, mood of adapted group, habit, relieving stress, providing breaks, friendship, physical damage, loss of money, a bad sight of smoker). The reason, difficulty, advantage, reason for restarting smoking cessation experiences of out-of-school youth were analyzed in 15 sub-domains (physical damage, for future hope, invitation of others, influence of family, weight gain, emotional stress, worsening friendship, improvement physical condition, saving money, better relationships, not with bad friends, withdrawal, smoking of friends, drinking, separated a lover). Conclusion: Based on the results, it is expected that a Specialized Smoking Cessation Education Program will be developed for out-of-school youth's health activities in ecological factors.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.12 no.10
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• pp.178-194
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• 2012

Regional medical center, this country's public health researchers to activate discussion about public health nature of publicness and Regional medical center to identify actual conditions of the present analysis of previous studies based on the experience of researchers and policy factors, environmental factors, financial factors, and self-sustaining factors affecting the activation of the public health by assuming that the four provinces, Chungnam Regional Medical Center conducted the survey to target four factors through empirical analysis and 40 kinds of relationships with sub-variables hypothesis. To empirical analysis as a background element present hypotheses and research model setting, study population and method of analysis of the set, factor analysis and reliability, validity analysis conducted, and Windows 7 operating system SPSS 19.0 analysis tool for Regional Medical Center enable the public health was to investigate the relationship between factors and variables, PLS 2.0 as an analytical tool to test the hypothesis through the analysis of the model was used.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.32 no.4
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• pp.221-230
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• 2014

Purpose: To evaluate the risk of vertebral compression fracture (VCF) after conventional radiotherapy (RT) for colorectal cancer (CRC) with spine metastasis and to identify risk factors for VCF in metastatic and non-metastatic irradiated spines. Materials and Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 68 spinal segments in 16 patients who received conventional RT between 2009 and 2012. Fracture was defined as a newly developed VCF or progression of an existing fracture. The target volume included all metastatic spinal segments and one additional non-metastatic vertebra adjacent to the tumor-involved spines. Results: The median follow-up was 7.8 months. Among all 68 spinal segments, there were six fracture events (8.8%) including three new VCFs and three fracture progressions. Observed VCF rates in vertebral segments with prior irradiation or pre-existing compression fracture were 30.0% and 75.0% respectively, compared with 5.2% and 4.7% for segments without prior irradiation or pre-existing compression fracture, respectively (both p < 0.05). The 1-year fracture-free probability was 87.8% (95% CI, 78.2-97.4). On multivariate analysis, prior irradiation (HR, 7.30; 95% CI, 1.31-40.86) and pre-existing compression fracture (HR, 18.45; 95% CI, 3.42-99.52) were independent risk factors for VCF. Conclusion: The incidence of VCF following conventional RT to the spine is not particularly high, regardless of metastatic tumor involvement. Spines that received irradiation and/or have pre-existing compression fracture before RT have an increased risk of VCF and require close observation.

• Journal of Environmental Health Sciences
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• v.46 no.6
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• pp.667-675
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• 2020

Objectives: Exposure to fine dust (PM10) could contribute to the occurrence of cardiovascular disease or respiratory abnormalities. Since garlic is known to possess an anti-oxidative stress effect, the present study was performed to evaluate the effect of garlic intake on fine dust-mediated pulmonary toxicity. Methods: Rats were intratracheally instilled with fine dust at 15 mg/kg body weight (BW)/day for five days following five-day intragastric intubation of garlic at 0.7 or 1.4 g/kgBW/day, or 13.1 mg/kgBW/day S-allyl-cysteine (SAC) as a reference component in garlic. Blood and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were collected. Results: Deposit of fine dust was visually and histopathologically observed in the lungs. Body weight gain during the instillation period was significantly lowered in all the groups instilled with fine dust. Neutrophil numbers in blood were significantly elevated in the fine dust alone group, but this alteration was diminished in the groups administered with garlic. Levels of serum glutathione were lower in the rats instilled with fine dust alone, and this decrease in the glutathione level seems dose-dependently compensated among the groups administered with garlic. Similar findings were observed in the BALF with statistical significance. Typical pulmonary histopathological observation related with inflammation was demonstrated in the lungs of the rats exposed to fine dust alone, whereas such histopathologic findings were not improved in the groups administered with garlic. Conclusion: The present study suggests that garlic intake could alleviate fine dust-mediated pulmonary or systemic toxicities. Further investigation is necessary to delineate the mechanism of garlic-mediated effects on pulmonary function.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.97-107
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• 2018

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to examine the success and barrier factors of hypertension registration program in Goseong community health center proven improving hypertension treatment rate by community health survey. Methods: We conducted a qualitative research using both a performance review of the program and in-depth interviews with the 8 operators who had worked for this program in April 2018. Results: In this study, the success factors were analysed as follows: First, the willingness to improve health indicators, second, the implementation of large-scale projects, third, improving program processes, fourth, continuous efforts for achievement of goal, not output or reward, and the barrier factors are as follows. First, uniform output monitering, second, evaluation after the fashion of contest, third, the confusing concept of an integrated health promotion program, fourth, the attitude of the person worried with task change. Conclusions: This study suggested that the health community health center should follow the basic principles of public health, and the central government should introduce a health policy of decentralization.