• The Mathematical Education
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• v.45 no.1 s.112
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• pp.75-96
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to analyze how elementary pre-service teachers learned the pedagogical content knowledge of mathematics and to understand the challenges and difficulties that they experienced in the course of student teaching. A qualitative case study provided an in-depth description of the whole three weeks of student teaching process. Four pre-service teachers and two mentor teachers participated in this study. Multiple data collection techniques were used; classroom observations, in-depth interviews, document analysis, and researcher's field notes. The results of this study showed how pre-service teachers learn PCK of mathematics in designing mathematics lessons, understanding mathematics learners and delivering mathematics lessons and what are the difficulties and challenges they experienced. Finally this study discussed about some suggestions to pre-service program and future research.

• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.36
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• pp.175-209
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• 2014

This paper reports on a qualitative examining the cross-cultural reasons for student engagement and resistance to critical literacy in a three week summer TESOL MA course that was part of a Korean/American university faculty exchange program. Of particular interest was the unique diversity of the class which consisted of 13 subjects from 9 different nations. Using student and instructor reflective journals, field notes on classroom observations, and the course terminal paper on student's philosophies of education as research corpora, results of the study revealed that students resisted instruction in critical literacy for ideological and epistemological reasons. Nonetheless, the data also showed that while all students resisted some theories in critical literacy, all students nonetheless engaged the course content in meaningful ways.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.11
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• pp.224-233
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• 2021

The aim of this study was to describe how a teacher used technologies to improve underserved student's learning in a low-resourced rural elementary classroom and provide implications for teachers' use of technology. The in-depth case study was conducted in a one-student classroom setting that isolated the fifth grader from social and collaborative learning opportunities. The qualitative data was collected in forms of classroom observation field notes, teacher interviews, student interviews and student's reflection journals. Findings are as follows: First, technology partakes an import role in a one-student classroom to support student's collaborative learning. Second, to overcome a digital divide, the teacher created a technology-enhanced environment with alternative methods of her own and supplemented teacher-created resources. Third, the teacher used technologies to support adaptive instruction based on student's needs.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2003.07c
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• pp.2649-2652
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• 2003

In this Paper, an Audio-Visual Teaching aid (AVTA) for use in a classroom and with Internet is presented. A system, which was designed and tested, consists of a wireless Microphone system, Text to Speech conversion Software, Noise filtering circuit and a Computer. An IBM compatible PC with sound card and Network Interface card and a Web browser and a voice and text messenger service were used to provide slightly delayed text and also voice over the internet for remote teaming, while providing scrolling text from a real time lecture in a classroom. The motivation for design of this system, was to aid Korean students who may have difficulty in listening comprehension while have, fairly good reading ability of text. This application of this system is twofold. On one hand it will help the students in a class to view and listen to a lecture, and on the other hand, it will serve as a vehicle for remote access (audio and text) for a classroom lecture. The project provides a simple and low cost solution to remote learning and also allows a student to have access to classroom in emergency situations when the student, can not attend a class. In addition, such system allows the student in capturing a teacher's lecture in audio and text form, without the need to be present in class or having to take many notes. This system will therefore help students in many ways.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.75-83
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to find clues to the risk of voice disorders in soprano students. The subjects of the study were 17 soprano students and 18 general students (women). The phonation of vowels /a/, /i/, and /u/ with C4 and F4 notes in each group were recorded. Then, only soprano students were made to record their classical vocalization containing vibrato. Formant, formant energy, bandwidth, VAI (vowel area index), VSA (vowel space area) and L/H ratio were analyzed. There was significant difference in F3 such that the singers' note was measured around 3 kHz which seems to be 400 Hz higher than one from general students. But, There was no significant difference in L/H ratio between soprano student and the general student. There was a significant difference in F3 in the comparison of the soprano students' two vocalization methods. Classical vocalization was measured at 200Hz higher than sustained phonation in F3. Vocal tract adjustment was made and vowel space changed, but there was no significant difference in F3 energy, which is the index of singers' formant according to the phonation method. The L/H ratio, which can be a direct indicator of vocal effort, has no difference in phonation method and is lowered in all phonation methods as the pitch increases. C4 and F4 pitches are lower than the singing range of the soprano. When the pitch changes, vocal effort increases like a general student which will be an indicator of the risk of vocalization. This will be a clue to the vocalization of the immature soprano student.

• Kyungpook Mathematical Journal
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.381-392
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• 2007

In 1906, da Rios, a student of Leivi-Civita, wrote a master's thesis modeling the motion of a vortex in a viscous fluid by the motion of a curve propagating in $R^3$, in the direction of its binormal with a speed equal to its curvature. Much later, in 1971 Hasimoto showed the equivalence of this system with the non-linear Schr$\ddot{o}$dinger equation (NLS) $$q_t=i(q_{ss}+\frac{1}{2}{\mid}q{\mid}^2q$$. In this paper, we use the same idea as Terng used in her lecture notes but different technique to extend the above relation to the case of $R^3$, and obtained an analogous equation that $$q_t=i[q_{ss}+(\frac{1}{2}{\mid}q{\mid}^2+1)q]$$.

• Speech Sciences
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.93-107
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• 1999

This study deals with a general review of $Gar\acute{i}funa$ and Patois, creole languages which developed out of the sociohistorical situation of the last centuries and are mainly spoken in the West Indies and Carribean Coasts. In this paper, I present some notes and ideas on the linguistic developments and features of these languages. Especially I describe their function connected with a variety of social circumstances and their phonetical/phonological changes from the base languages. This is a result of fieldwork conducted in Honduras, Belize, Cuba and Mexico, from January 1996 to February 1998, using some surveys and collecting words from different materials and texts. And I hope this paper will contribute to research in 'mixed' languages as well as to historical linguists. I am very grateful to Mr. Mauricio $Tom\acute{a}s$, the only uriversity student in $Traves\acute{i}a$, a small town in nothern Honduras and to Mr. Carlos Marcos, a medical student who is from a Haitian family in Santiago de Cuba. Without their cooperation, I couldn't have conducted this research.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.5
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• pp.67-89
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• 1978

This study is the third partial study of the 'A Bibliographical Study of the Toegye.' The contents of the study is divided into three chapters as following : In the first chapter, the authorship of Hsin-ching-fu-chu(心經附註) is described Hsin-ching(心經) was edited by Chen-Te-Hsiu(眞德秀), a scholar of the Sung Dynasty (1178-1235A.D.). He selected several articles on Hsin Study(心學) from classics of ancient China, with the view of spreading of Hsin thought of ancestor. Hsin-ching-fu-chu is an annotated work of Hsin-ching, which was edited by $Ch'\^{e}ng-Min-Ch\^{e}ng$(程敏政). $Ch'\^{e}ng-Min-Ch\^{e}ng$ was a scholar of the Ming Dynasty (died 1499 A.D). His annotation of Hsin-ching was according to the edition of Tuan-Ping (端平) 1st (1234 A.D.). Hsin-ching-fu-chu which was first published in 1492 A.D., by his student, named Wang-Tsu(汪祚). In the second chapter, the editions of Hsin-ching-fu-chu which was published in Korea before 1566 A.D., when Toe-gye's postscript was written, are described. In Korea, three editions were published. The first was published before 1523 A.D. in, kwang-ju(光州), by the wooden plate block. The second was published ca 1564 A.D. in Pyeong-yang(平壤), by the wooden plate, too. These two editions have remained. The last was published ca 1564 A.D., in Hae-ju(海州), but the method of printing couldn't be found out because I have not been able to get the book itself and records on the printing. In the last chapter, facts on Hsin-ching-fu-chu related to Toegye are described. Toegye found Kwang-ju edition of Hsin-ching-fu-chu in 1533 A.D., at Seong-gyun-gwan(成均館) in Seoul. He acquired the book from his friend. He read and studied very hard and remembered all the text. Also, he taught the Hsin-ching-fu-chu to his pupils and guided the reading of Hsin-ching-fu-chu to his followers and student. He read many proof sheets of the new publication of Hsin-ching-fy-chu, correcting then on detail and making notes on them.

• English Language & Literature Teaching
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.161-180
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• 2011

This study aims to illustrate the value of teaching English drama in the course of teaching primary English and suggests a model for primary English drama in an English camp for Children. Drama is the world of assumption where language is used just like in real life. It has a positive effect on foreign language learning by encouraging the operation of certain psychological factors which facilitate oral communication. Dramatic techniques such as storytelling, role play, chant, song and games can be used in the EFL classroom to help bring about such results. Meanwhile, making a primary English drama in an English camp for Children would be practical mode to attain the essential purpose of EFL teaching particularly to get over the drawbacks of Korean students' communicative competence under the school's inflexible EFL education curriculum. In this paper, I will present the effectiveness of English drama and the skills for using it with ESL students and suggest some notes that can be used to reinforce the goals set out from the position of the teacher, student and teaching material. It is confirmed that the trained leader, students' affirmative attitude and systematic teaching materials are needed to maximize the effects of drama activities. In addition to that, there will be showed a model of instruction targeted to the primary students learning English in an English camp for Children.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.1-12
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• 2010

Objectives: This study was to understand the essence and the meanings of smoking experience in female undergraduate students. Methods: Colaizzi's phenomenological method was used. Data were collected by in-depth interviews with six undergraduate female students. Field notes, recording under the subjects' agreement, and telephone interview were also used. Results: In the analysis, 131 significant statements, 15 themes, 7 categories emerged. The seven categories were as follows; 'the first smoking for change and adaptation', 'becoming a part of self', 'good friend without any reason', 'a bond with friends', 'gazing with bad eyes', 'unexpected guest without realizing it', 'willingness to smoke more'. Conclusion: The results of this study will help professionals to understand the smoking behavior of female undergraduate students. We should consider positive experience toward smoking in young women for considering to plan smoking cessation program.