• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.52 no.3
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• pp.413-428
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• 2024

Purpose: This study aims to optimize the adhesive strength of epoxy adhesive when applied to tiles, addressing frequent issues of adhesion degradation observed in indoor interiors. The degradation often leads to costly repairs and maintenance, highlighting the need for improved adhesive formulations and application techniques. Methods: Employing the DMAIC (Define, Measure, Analyze, Improve, Control) methodology integral to Six Sigma and utilizing MINITAB for data analysis, this research focused on critical factors like curing time, application method, and mixing ratio. The Taguchi Experimental Design within the Design of Experiments (DOE) framework was applied to determine the impact of these parameters on adhesive strength. Results: The analysis facilitated by Taguchi's method led to notable improvements in adhesive workability and consistency. It identified the optimal combination of factors that significantly increase adhesive strength, evidenced by the improvement in signal-to-noise ratio and I-MR control charts. Conclusion: By applying a structured statistical approach through Six Sigma and the Taguchi method, the study successfully pinpointed optimal conditions for epoxy adhesive application on tiles. This contributes to quality management in the manufacturing and application processes of epoxy adhesives, ensuring enhanced durability and reliability in indoor tiling applications. The findings offer a significant methodological framework for future material optimization research.

• Clinical and Experimental Vaccine Research
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.63-71
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• 2022

Purpose: Sexually transmitted infections are a major worldwide concern, and human papillomavirus (HPV) is one of the significant risk factors. Many populations suffer from various diseases caused by HPV, and the overall death toll due to cervical carcinoma is remarkable. Despite vaccine availability, perception about vaccine safety and efficacy, its' preventive outcome is still inferior among the health professionals and vaccine providers. So, this study aims to assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice level of HPV and its' vaccination among doctors, dentists, and medical students. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional survey was carried out between April to August 2021, where 626 participants from all types of medical institutions of Bangladesh were interviewed using a validated and structured questionnaire that consists of four extensive areas; socio-demographic characteristics, HPV knowledge, attitude, and practices regarding vaccination. Results: The knowledge and practice standards showed very poor outcomes where 43.29% of the participants showed good knowledge and only 11.82% conveyed good practices. Nevertheless, the attitude towards HPV vaccination was revealed high (75.88%). Female participants showed more positive attitudes than males. Conclusion: Physicians and dentists play vital roles in raising public knowledge about HPV and awareness regarding HPV vaccination programs. The provision of medical education on HPV must be prioritized, and current training techniques must be re-evaluated. Thus, by implementing this strategy, improvement in national vaccination policy can be expected.

• Journal of Adhesion and Interface
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.75-81
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• 2024

This study analyzes the acid properties of zeolites synthesized through the use of surfactant-based structure-directing agents. To achieve this, zeolites possessing both micropores and mesopores were synthesized using surfactants containing multiple quaternary ammonium molecules. Those surfactants form mesoscale micelles to be mesopores after calcination, while the ammonium moieties direct zeolitic microporous structure. These hierarchical zeolites were then subjected to adsorption of different probe molecules, pyridine, and 2,6-di-tert-butylpyridine, followed by thermal desorption and analysis using FT-IR spectroscopy. The results reveal that unlike conventional zeolites consisting solely of micropores, the hierarchical zeolites exhibit strong acidity not only within the micropores but also on the external surface of the mesopores. This observation suggests the formation of strong acid sites attributed to the hierarchical porous structure induced by surfactant-type structure-directing agents. Consequently, these findings imply potential applications in various catalytic chemical reactions leveraging the surface acidity of zeolites.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.45 no.2
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• pp.111-121
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• 2024

Objectives: This study aimed to identify the current status, satisfaction, obstacles, and improvement points of the School Doctor Program of Korean Medicine, while providing supporting data for its enhancement. Methods: A self-reporting online survey was conducted among doctors of the Seoul Korean Medicine Association who applied to participate in the 2023 School Doctor Program of Korean Medicine. The questionnaire assessed various aspects including program status, satisfaction, evaluation, advantages, obstacles, promotion plans for the 2023 program, and intention to participate in the 2024 program. The survey was conducted from March 5th to 12th, 2024. Results: A total of 60 doctors participated in the survey, with 57 respondents included in the analysis. Among them, 45 Korean medical doctors had actively engaged in the school doctor program. Main reasons for non-participation included lack of request from assigned schools or scheduling conflicts between the desired program time and the conditions of Korean medicine doctors. Participants who conducted the program reported its effectiveness in fostering positive perceptions of Korean medicine. Despite obstacles, the majority expressed willingness to participate in the 2024 program. To promote the program, there is a need for a structured system to facilitate school cooperation and promote the School Doctor Program of Korean Medicine. Conclusions: Promoting the School Doctor Program of Korean Medicine requires collaboration from schools, provision of standardized manuals and programs, and support from the Korean Medicine Association. Strengthening systems for school cooperation and program promotion is essential for its advancement.

• Journal of Public Diplomacy
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• v.3 no.2
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• pp.1-26
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• 2023

Although immigration and related policies are among crucial factors building a country's reputation, in-depth studies comparing nation branding strategies of countries facing high influx of refugees are lacking. This holds especially true when it concerns nations with different geopolitical, cultural, state structural and linguistic characteristics. There is also a growing need to widen our knowledge on digital nation branding and how it can be applied to respond to crisis situations as the refugee dilemma. This empirical study aims to fill these gaps focusing on Belgium and Sweden as an insightful comparative case study. The study's objectives are: (i) comparing similarities and differences between the countries' approach to managing their (digital) nation brand; ii) studying the countries' digital nation branding and communication management regarding migration and asylum topics since the mid-2010s refugee crisis. Data were collected via in-depth interviews with sixteen representatives of Belgian and Swedish governmental institutions. Our findings reveal differences between branding strategies of Belgium and Sweden resulting from their different contextual characteristics. What characterizes both nations' strategies is the increased importance of using digital media and the need of adapting to their market logics. Although the mid-2010s refugee crisis has not changed the countries' general digital nation branding strategy, but rather brought sensitive topics into sharp focus, it did lead to communication challenges that the institutions had to face. The Swedish institutions seem to be more active and structured in countering them. We conclude that well-established nation branding strategies are useful tools for governments to base on before, during and after crisis events. The example of Sweden shows that crises can act as an opportunity to reinforce a nation brand.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.51-73
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• 2014

The purpose of this study is to develop a family life educational program and verify the effectiveness hereof in order to improve a family life and enhance practice ability for marriage immigrant women. The content of family life educational program was composed based on the family life education lesson of the home economics textbooks. The adequacy of the program content was verified by the two experts. The study subjects were the 14 marriage immigrant women living in J-gu of Seoul and the program was conducted for 3 days from September 16 to October 7 2014 at the Seoul J Multicultural Family Support Center. As for program evaluation, this study conducted both an objective evaluation and subjective evaluation (semi-structured interview and survey). The author of this study composed the questions of the objective evaluation on the basis of the previous studies and home economics textbooks. The aforementioned two experts verified the questions thereof. The important findings of this study are as follows. First, this study developed the family life educational program that consisted of a total of 8 rounds on the basis of "the happy family life education lesson led by family". Second, this study ensured that the family life educational program for marriage immigrant women would help understand the Korean traditional culture and also the family culture of their homeland. Also, this study aimed to allow the study subjects to develop an attitude to respect the diversity of family life culture. Third, it was found that the effectiveness of the program was statistically significant in the objective evaluation through the ex ante and ex post assessment as a result of the program effectiveness test. From the subjective evaluation, all the participants had a high degree of satisfaction with more than 4.0 points in all of the following areas: program objective achievement, adequacy of program contents and activities and program operation. As a result of the subjective evaluation through the semi-structured interview, this study confirmed a high level of desire for family life education through the willingness of marriage immigrant women to continue to learn the in-depth contents related to family life education. The above findings of this study imply that a family life educational program based on home economics can play a critical role in implementing a healthy family life education for marriage immigrant women.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.370-382
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• 2010

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the level of health promoting behaviors and the significant factors in rural elderly(young-old vs old-old). Methods: The data was collected using structured questionnaires from June 22th to Sep. 18th, 2009. A total of 556 elderly aged 65 years or over were selected from 14 rural districts in C province, South Korea. Age was divided into two groups as below 65-74 and 75 or older. A structured questionnaire was used to obtain information on the demographic characteristics, their perceived health status, the difficulty of activities of daily living, quality of life, self-efficacy and health promoting behaviors. The health promoting behaviors included nutrition, stress management, interpersonal support, exercise, health responsibility and self-actualization. The scores for health promoting behaviors were used mean and standard deviation. The data was analyzed using SPSS Win 12.0. Results: Of the 556 subjects, we found that the young-old(65-74 aged) were 359 and the old-old elderly(over 75 aged) were 197. We found that the level of health promoting behavior was higher for young-old ($2.75{\pm}0.374$) compared to old-old elderly people ($2.67{\pm}0.399$). In multiple linear regression, quality of life, self-efficacy, living with spouse, and number of generation living together for the young-old, and quality of life for old-old elderly were significantly associated with health promoting behaviors. Conclusions: The study findings indicate that there are age differences in associated factor of health promoting behaviors. Therefore our findings may provide useful assistance in developing effective intervention programs to improve health promoting behavior of the elderly in rural areas according to their age differences.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.117-128
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• 2002

Objectives：For the purpose of obtaining the more vivid present status and prevention program of teenage pregnancy, this survey was done by Obstetricians, as study subject, who manage the pregnant teenager in real clinical situation. Methods：Structured survey form about teenage pregnancy was sent to 2,800 obstetricians. That form contained frequency, characteristics, decision making processes, and psychiatric aspects of the teenage pregnancy. 349 obstetricians replied that survey form and we analysed these datas. Results：(1) The trend of teenage pregnancy was mildly increased. (2) The most common cases were unwanted pregnancy by continuing sexual relationship with boyfriends rather than by forced, accidental sexual relationship with multiple partners. (3) The most common reason of labor was loss the time of artificial abotion. (4) Problems of pregnant girls' were conduct behaviors and poor informations about contraception rather than sexual abuse or mental retardation. (5) Most obstetricians percepted the necessity of psychiatric consultation, however psychiatric consultation was rare due to parents refusal and abscense of available psychiatric facility. (6) For the prevention of teenage pregnancy, the most important thing was practical education about contraception. Conclusions：Based on the result of this study, further study using structured interview schedule with pregnant girl is needed for the detecting risk factor of teenage pregnancy and effective systematic approach to pregnant girl.

• Proceedings of the Korean Reliability Society Conference
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• 2001.06a
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• pp.277-278
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• 2001

The successful operation of a product In service depends upon the effective provision of logistic support in order to achieve and maintain the required levels of performance and customer satisfaction. Logistic support encompasses the activities and facilities required to maintain a product (hardware and software) in service. Logistic support covers maintenance, manpower and personnel, training, spares, technical documentation and packaging handling, storage and transportation and support facilities.The cost of logistic support is often a major contributor to the Life Cycle Cost (LCC) of a product and increasingly customers are making purchase decisions based on lifecycle cost rather than initial purchase price alone. Logistic support considerations can therefore have a major impact on product sales by ensuring that the product can be easily maintained at a reasonable cost and that all the necessary facilities have been provided to fully support the product in the field so that it meets the required availability. Quantification of support costs allows the manufacturer to estimate the support cost elements and evaluate possible warranty costs. This reduces risk and allows support costs to be set at competitive rates.Integrated Logistic Support (ILS) is a management method by which all the logistic support services required by a customer can be brought together in a structured way and In harmony with a product. In essence the application of ILS:- causes logistic support considerations to be integrated into product design;- develops logistic support arrangements that are consistently related to the design and to each other;- provides the necessary logistic support at the beginning and during customer use at optimum cost.The method by which ILS achieves much of the above is through the application of Logistic Support Analysis (LSA). This is a series of support analysis tasks that are performed throughout the design process in order to ensure that the product can be supported efficiently In accordance with the requirements of the customer.The successful application of ILS will result in a number of customer and supplier benefits. These should include some or all of the following:- greater product uptime;- fewer product modifications due to supportability deficiencies and hence less supplier rework;- better adherence to production schedules in process plants through reduced maintenance, better support;- lower supplier product costs;- Bower customer support costs;- better visibility of support costs;- reduced product LCC;- a better and more saleable product;- Improved safety;- increased overall customer satisfaction;- increased product purchases;- potential for purchase or upgrade of the product sooner through customer savings on support of current product.ILS should be an integral part of the total management process with an on-going improvement activity using monitoring of achieved performance to tailor existing support and influence future design activities. For many years, ILS was predominantly applied to military procurement, primarily using standards generated by the US Government Department of Defense (DoD). The military standards refer to specialized government infrastructures and are too complex for commercial application. The methods and benefits of ILS, however, have potential for much wider application in commercial and civilian use. The concept of ILS is simple and depends on a structured procedure that assures that logistic aspects are fully considered throughout the design and development phases of a product, in close cooperation with the designers. The ability to effectively support the product is given equal weight to performance and is fully considered in relation to its cost.The application of ILS provides improvements in availability, maintenance support and longterm 3ogistic cost savings. Logistic costs are significant through the life of a system and can often amount to many times the initial purchase cost of the system.This study provides guidance on the minimum activities necessary to Implement effective ILS for a wide range of commercial suppliers. The guide supplements IEC60106-4, Guide on maintainability of equipment Part 4: Section Eight maintenance and maintenance support planning, which emphasizes the maintenance aspects of the support requirements and refers to other existing standards where appropriate. The use of Reliability and Maintainability studies is also mentioned in this study, as R&M is an important interface area to ILS.

• Radiation Oncology Journal
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.369-380
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• 2001

Purpose : By developing on-line statistics program to record the information of radiation oncology to share the information with internet. It is possible to supply basic reference data for administrative plans to improve radiation oncology. Materials and methods : The information of radiation oncology statistics had been collected by paper forms about 52 hospitals in the past. Now, we can input the data by internet web browsers. The statistics program used windows NT 4.0 operation system, Internal Information Server 4.0 (IIS4.0) as a web server and the Microsoft Access MDB. We used Structured Query Language (SQL), Visual Basic, VBScript and JAVAScript to display the statistics according to years and hospitals. Results : This program shows present conditions about man power, research, therapy machines, technics, brachytherapy, clinic statistics, radiation safety management, institution, quality assurance and radioisotopes in radiation oncology department. The database consists of 38 inputs and 6 outputs windows. Statistical output windows can be increased continuously according to user's need. Conclusion : We have developed statistics program to process all of the data in department of radiation oncology for reference information. Users easily could input the data by internet web browsers and share the information.