• BioChip Journal
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• 제12권4호
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• pp.280-286
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• 2018

Hydrogel scaffolds composed of multiple components are promising platform in tissue engineering as a transplantation materials or artificial organs. Here, we present a new fabrication method for implementing multi-layered macroscopic hydrogel scaffold composed of multiple components by controlling height of hydrogel layer through precise control of ultraviolet (UV) energy density. Through the repetition of the photolithography process with energy control, we can form several layers of hydrogel with different height. We characterized UV energy-dependent profiles with single-layered PEGDA posts photocrosslinked by the modular methodology and examined the optical effect on the fabrication of multi-layered, macroscopic hydrogel structure. Finally, we successfully demonstrated the potential applicability of our approach by fabricating various macroscopic hydrogel constructs composed of multiple hydrogel layers.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.53-61
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• 2011

The fine structural characteristics of the antennal sensory organs of a female millipede Oxidus gracilis (Polydesmida: Paradoxomatidae) were observed with both field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). We could identify four apical cones and three basic types of antennal sensillae in a. gracilis as follows: chaetiform sensilla (CS), trichoid sensilla (TS) and basiconic sensilla (BS). Of these, both types of CS and TS can be observed throughout all antennal segments except the terminal 8th article, whereas the BS are observed within the cuticular depressed regions of the articles from the 5th to the 7th segment. According to their relative microstructure and location, the BS arc divided further into three subtypes: large ($BS_1$) small ($BS_2$) and spiniform ($BS_3$). The $BS_1$ can be seen on the 5th article only, while $BS_2$ can be seen on the 5th and 6th articles. The $BS_3$ is characteristically seen within the depressive region of the 7th article. Both the CS and TS of O. gracilis are similar in structure, and they are related to the function of mechanical reception; however, four large apical cones (AP) and three subtypes of BS are likely to function in gustatory and olfactory reception.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.915-918
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• 2005

Advances in Information Technology and in Biomedicine have created new uses for CAD technology with many novel and important biomedical applications. Such applications can be found, for example, in the design and modeling of orthopedics, medical implants, and tissue modeling in which CAD can be used to describe the morphology, heterogeneity, and organizational structure of tissue and anatomy. CAD has also played an important role in computer-aided tissue engineering for biomimetic design, analysis, simulation and freeform fabrication of tissue scaffolds and substitutes. And all the applications require precision geometry of the organs or bones of each patient. But the geometry information currently used is polygon model with none solid geometry and is so rough that it cannot be utilized for accurate analysis, simulation and fabrication. Therefore a case study is performed to deduce a transformation method to build free form surface from a rough polygon data or medical images currently used in the application. This paper describes the transformation procedure in detail and the considerations for accurate organ modeling are discussed.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.264-270
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• 2002

현재 수많은 의료기관 및 의학기관에서는 실습 및 교육에 대해 만족할 만한 환경이 구축되어 있지 않아 적절한 실습과 교육이 이뤄지지 못하고 있는 실정이다. 본 논문에서는 인체의 골격과 소화기관 및 소화작용을 인터넷상에서 3차원으로 구현하여 전공의뿐만 아니라 일반인들도 원하는 대상을 직접 관찰해 봄으로써 정보획득을 쉽게 할 수 있게끔 하였다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 인체의 전체 골격과 소화기관의 일부를 Web 3D 기술을 대표하는 VRML을 이용해 3차원 영상을 구현함으로써 인체와 소화작용에 대한 입체 생김새를 깨닫는데 도움이 될 수 있도록 실감나게 인터넷상에서 제공하여 교육 및 의료실습에 효과적으로 이용할 수 있게 하였다.

• 대한한의학원전학회지
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.167-184
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• 2017

Objectives : The paper attempted to analyze the contents found in the networks of five viscera in Yixuerumen's Zangfutiaofen published by Li Chan in 1575, and tried to reveal the body structure dealt in the contents through anatomical verification. Methods : Books such as Huataxianshengneizhaotu, Tushupian, and Shisijingfahui were used to compare, understand, and interpret the original texts and annotations of Yixuerumen in an attempt to verify these through anatomy reference texts and computer programs. Results : In Yixuerumen, some contents of the networks of five viscera were revised to see feixi as not one but two, and explained the relationship of intestinal organs through heart and lung. Anatomically speaking, the networks of five viscera has a vertical structure that unfolds top to bottom centering on aorta, and has many organs connected to it such as trachea, esophagus, splenic artery, pulmonary trunk, ureter, mesentery arteriovenous, gonadal artery, and ductus deferens. Conclusions : The networks of five viscera has a great significance in that it is the fruit of much efforts where oriental medicine tried to explain not only the functions of five viscera, but also the creation and circulation of qi, blood, and bodily fluids through anatomical observation.

• 한국동물학회지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.354-364
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• 1990

무당거미의 많은 견사선들 중에서 포획사를 만들어내는 한쌍의 편상선은 분비관과 분비양, 그리고 말단분비부로 이루어져 있었고, 두쌍의 수상선과 함께 후방적돌기에서 triad 복합구조를 형성하고 있었다. 강한 섬유를 생성하기 위해 분비관은 길게 신장되어 있었고, 토사관과 근접된 원위부의 내벽에는 수분의 흡수와 관련된 subcuticle층이 비후되어 있었으며 분비낭에 가까운 근위부에서는 큐티클 전구물질의 수송현상이 관찰되었다. 분비낭의 상피는 원주상의 세포로 이루어져 있었고, 세포질에 구형의 분비과립을 함유하고 있었는데, 부위에 따라 과립의 형태와 전자밀도의 차이가 관찰되었다. 포획사의 주성분을 분비하는 말단분비부의 선상피세포에는 조면소포체가 특이적으로 발달되어 있었고, 생성된 견사물질은 이출분비의 기작에 의해 내강으로 방출되었다.

• 한국어류학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.250-254
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• 2011

한국의 담수어류 중 짱뚱어, 큰볏말뚝말둥어, 말뚝망둥어, 미꾸리, 미꾸라지, 자가사리 등 모두 6종에서 공기로 호흡하기 위해 변형된 부속기관이 알려져 있다. 짱뚱어, 큰볏말뚝말망둥어, 말뚝망둥어, 자가사리 4종은 부족한 산소를 공기로부터 흡입하기 위해 호흡상피 (respiratory epithelium)를 갖는다. 이러한 호흡상피는 풍부한 모세혈관과 2종류의 선세포(점액세포와 곤봉세포-자가사리, 점액세포와 거대세포-짱뚱어) 또는 1종류의 선세포로 구성된 팽대세포 (말뚝망둥어와 큰볏말뚝망둥어)를 갖는다. 특히 거대세포 (swollen cell)는 상피세포의 팽대로 인해 형성된 거미줄 구조 (web-like structure)를 갖고 있다. 또한 짱뚱어의 진피성돌기 (dermal bulge)는 진피성 모세혈관이 매우 풍부하며, 지느러미 등의 부속지를 제외한 피부에 존재한다. 또한 미꾸리와 미꾸라지는 장 상피 (intestinal epithelium)에 모세혈관이 아주 풍부하게 존재한다.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제22권9호
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• pp.1020-1028
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• 2019

Cerebrovascular disease is a common disease in the elderly population. However, we do not have enough understanding of brain-related diseases. Recent advances in microscopy technology have resulted in the acquisition of vast amounts of image data sets for small organs, and it has become possible to handle vast amounts of image data sets due to improved computer performance and software technology. In this paper, the author proposes introduce a method for classifying and analysing only cerebrovascular information in the mouse brain image, as well as a quantitative measure of the portion of the cerebrovascular in the mouse brain. The study of the cerebrovascular structure is significant, and it can be helpful to improve the understanding of cerebrovasculature. As a result, the author expects that this study will be useful for neuroscientists conducting clinical research.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2008년도 추계학술대회A
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• pp.1697-1699
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• 2008

The purpose of tissue engineering is to repair or replace damaged tissues or organs by a combination of cells, scaffold, suitable biochemical and physio-chemical factors. Among the three components, the biodegradable scaffold plays an important role in cell attachment and migration. In this study, we designed 3D porous scaffold by Rapid Prototyping (RP) system and fabricated layer-by-layer 3D structure using Polycarprolactone (PCL) - one of the most flexible biodegradable polymer. Furthermore, the physical and mechanical properties of the scaffolds were evaluated by changing the pore size and the strand diameter of the scaffold. We changed nozzle diameter (strand diameter) and strand to strand distance (pore size) to find the effect on the mechanical property of the scaffold. And the surface morphology, inner structure and storage modulus of PCL scaffold were analyzed with SEM, Micro-CT and DMA.

• BMB Reports
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• 제54권7호
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• pp.344-355
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• 2021

Mucins are high molecular-weight epithelial glycoproteins and are implicated in many physiological processes, including epithelial cell protection, signaling transduction, and tissue homeostasis. Abnormality of mucus expression and structure contributes to biological properties related to human cancer progression. Tumor growth sites induce inhospitable conditions. Many kinds of research suggest that mucins provide a microenvironment to avoid hypoxia, acidic, and other biological conditions that promote cancer progression. Given that the mucus layer captures growth factors or cytokines, we propose that mucin helps to ameliorate inhospitable conditions in tumor-growing sites. Additionally, the composition and structure of mucins enable them to mimic the surface of normal epithelial cells, allowing tumor cells to escape from immune surveillance. Indeed, human cancers such as mucinous carcinoma, show a higher incidence of invasion to adjacent organs and lymph node metastasis than do non-mucinous carcinoma. In this mini-review, we discuss how mucin provides a tumor-friendly environment and contributes to increased cancer malignancy in mucinous carcinoma.