• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.73-91
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• 2015

The effectiveness of tuned mass dampers (TMDs) in reducing the seismic response of civil structures is still a debated issue. The few studies regarding TMDs on inelastic structures indicate that they would perform well under moderate earthquake loading, when the structure remains linear or weakly nonlinear, while tending to fail under severe ground shaking, when the structure experiences strong nonlinearities. TMD seismic efficiency should be therefore rationally assessed by considering to which extent moderate and severe earthquakes respectively contribute to the expected cost of damages and losses over the lifespan of the structure. In this paper, a method for evaluating, in a life-cycle cost (LCC) perspective, the seismic effectiveness of TMDs on inelastic building structures is presented and exemplified on the SAC LA 9-storey steel moment-resisting frame benchmark building. Results show that the LCC concept may provide an appropriate alternative to traditional performance criteria for the evaluation of the effectiveness of TMDs and that TMD installation on typical existing middle-rise buildings in high seismic hazard regions may significantly reduce building lifetime cost despite the poor control performance observed under the most severe seismic events.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제37권5호
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• pp.631-644
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• 2013

This study investigates the gaps between ideal and actual corporate social responsibility (CSR) by comparing levels of CSR perceptions and examining the relationship differences between CSR perception, perceived quality, and affective trust from a consumer perspective. Data from 315 adult samples were collected through a nationwide online survey. In order to compare ideal and actual CSR, the study employed the approach of latent means analysis (LMA) and multi-group comparisons within the framework of a structural equation modeling (SEM). The result of latent means comparison showed significant differences of perceptions on fashion CSR across ideal and actual contexts. Only actual economic CSR was evaluated higher than in the ideal context and the effect size of inter-management CSR was the largest among seven domains. Multi-group SEM revealed a significant discrepancy between ideal and actual CSR structural models that exhibited relationships of CSR perception, perceived quality, and affective trust. The paths from internal management and ethical CSR to perceived quality and from economic and philanthropy CSR to affective trust were different across ideal and actual contexts. Implying the understanding of consumer CSR perceptions and the mediating role of perceived quality, this study suggests that marketers narrow the gap between ideal and actual CSR.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제18권11호
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• pp.338-347
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• 2018

본 논문은 마리오 푸조의 원작 소설 "대부 The Godfather"의 영화 시나리오 <대부>에서 프란시스 포드 코폴라의 관점과 각색 스타일을 개념화한 구조적 방법론을 제시한다. 본고는 두 단계로 나뉜다: 첫번째 단계인 "형식적 단계"는 서사의 분석을 요약하고 소설에서 시나리오로 삭제, 추가 및 변형하는 구조적 전환의 효과를 살펴본다. 두 번째 단계는 "의미적 단계"로 원작소설 안의 구조 자체와 각색자의 관점 사이의 차이점을 알아내는 것과 관련된다. <대부>의 오프닝 시퀀스는 소설에서 시나리오로 각색된 한 예로써 각색 스타일을 구체적으로 설명하기 위해 위의 쟁점들을 탐구하는 사례 연구로 사용된다.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.1071-1078
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• 2021

The purpose of this study is to investigate the relationship among the components of brand equity and to examine the effects of these components on the overall customer-based brand equity from the perspective of the Generation Z. This study is applied in the case of Borobudur World Heritage Destination, which is in Indonesia. A survey questionnaire has been collected through purposive sampling from 167 Generation Z who have visited Borobudur World Heritage Destination. The research hypotheses were supported by the empirical test using a Structural Equation Model with AMOS. The result concludes that destination brand awareness has significant, positive effects on destination brand image and perception of destination quality; destination brand image has positive influences on perception of destination quality and destination brand loyalty; perception of destination quality has significant, positive impacts on destination brand loyalty. Except for destination brand image and destination brand awareness, the perception of destination quality and destination brand loyalty have positive and direct impacts on overall destination brand equity. In sum, overall customer-based brand equity of a world heritage destination in the context of a developing economy is directly influenced by only two components of brand equity, namely, the perception of destination quality and destination brand loyalty.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.115-124
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• 2022

There are many different types of tanks on ships that meet various requirements. Each tank is required to undergo hydrostatic testing according to the Ship Safety Act after being installed onboard. In some hydrostatic tests, excessive deformation may occur. The overpressure of the air in the tank generated during testing is one of the possible causes of deformation. Based on the dimensions of the tank, nozzle, and pipes installed, it was confirmed that the overpressure of the air can cause problems with the structure, according to the Bernoulli equation. Additionally, finite element analysis (FEA) was performed on the tank structure to confirm the deformation and the stress occurring in the structure. From the perspective of deformation, the maximum deflection limit was set based on the criteria provided by the Eurocode and DNV. From the perspective of stress, the structural safety assessment was performed by comparing the allowable stress and equivalent stress generated in the structure. To determine whether the behavior of the actual structure was well implemented via FEA, beam theory was applied to the tank structure and compared with the FEA results. As a result of the analysis, severe deformation was found in some cases. This means that the overpressure of the air may be the cause of actual deformation. It was also confirmed that permanent deformation may occur.

• 한국전산구조공학회논문집
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.115-127
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• 2000

본 논문에서는 건물 구조 통합 구조설계 시스템의 구현을 위한 설계모델인 설계 객체 모델을 제안하였다. 건물 구조에 대한 구조 설계 정보를 단계(초기구조설계, 해석, 상세설계) / 계층(시스템, 서브시스템, 콤퍼넌트)별로 분류 모델링한 후, 제시된 요구조건에 대한 세부관점별 해결방법을 고려하여 설계 객체 모델을 개발하였다. 이와 같은 방법론을 통하여 시스템 구현을 고려한 설계 객체 모델의 체계적 분석과 모델링이 가능하였다. 제시된 설계 객체 모델은 계획 설계 측면의 설계정보 표현을 통하여 효율적인 설계정보의 관리가 가능하며, 위상 설계 객체에 의한 공간상 구조부재의 인식이 용이하고, 해석 관련 설계정보를 이해하기 용이한 표현으로 관리할 수 있게 한다.

• 한국경영과학회지
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.1-18
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• 2015

This paper proposes relational capability as a main driver of constructing inter-organizational collaboration networks. Based on social network theory and relational view literature, three components of relational capability are constructed and implemented by an agent-based model. The components include organizational capability, structural capability, and trust between a partner and a focal firm. These three components are updated by two micro mechanisms: structural mechanism and relational mechanism. Structural mechanism is a feedback loop in which the relational capability increases structural capability and vice versa. Relational mechanism is a learning-by-doing process in which a focal firm experiences success or failure of collaboration and the experience increases or decreases cumulative trust in a partner firm. Result of agent-based simulation shows that a collaboration network emerges through interactions of firm's relational capabilities and the characteristics of emerged networks vary with the contribution of structural capability and trust to relational capability. Specifically, in case structural capability contributes more to relational capability, the average degree centrality and collaboration proportion increases as time passes and enters into an equilibrium state. In that case, almost every firms participated in the network collaborates each other so that the emerged network becomes highly cohesive. In case trust contributes more to relational capability, the results are reversed. In an equilibrium state, the balance of contribution between structural capability and trust makes an emerged network larger and maximizes average degree centrality of the network.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.494-503
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of sustainability management (SM) at coffee houses on customers' store image and behavioral intention. In addition, customers' willingness to pay a premium for sustainable coffee houses was studied. During October 2011, a web survey was conducted via an on-line research company with customers aged 20 to 39 visiting one of the top five coffee houses in Korea at least once a month. A total of 300 targeted customers responded and all the data were analyzed. An exploratory factor analysis derived two dimensions of SM: SM in Social and Environmental Perspective and SM in Economic Perspective. The result of structural equation modeling indicated that SM in Economic Perspective at coffee houses had a significant positive effect on customers' behavioral intention with mediating effect by store image, but SM in Social and Environmental Perspective did not have such effect. Approximately one-third (31%) of the respondents were willing to pay a premium for a sustainable coffee house in a scenario. approximately 84% of the respondents unwilling to pay a premium for the sustainable coffee house chose the cost-related reasons including "Coffee price at the coffee house that they most often visit is already expensive (62.3%)" for such unwillingness. The results of this study showed that SM of coffee houses, especially that in Economic Perspective, could contribute to store image, and therefore increase customers' favorable behavioral intention, although the additional cost resulted from such SM practices might not be easily accommodated by customers.

• Asia pacific journal of information systems
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.207-228
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• 2007

Measuring Information Technology(IT) organizations' activities have been limited to mainly measure financial indicators for a long time. However, according to the multifarious functions of Information System, a number of researches have been done for the new trends on measurement methodologies that come with financial measurement as well as new measurement methods. Especially, the researches on IT Balanced Scorecard(BSC), concept from BSC measuring IT activities have been done as well in recent years. BSC provides more advantages than only integration of non-financial measures in a performance measurement system. The core of BSC rests on the cause-and-effect relationships between measures to allow prediction of value chain performance measures to allow prediction of value chain performance measures, communication, and realization of the corporate strategy and incentive controlled actions. More recently, BSC proponents have focused on the need to tie measures together into a causal chain of performance, and to test the validity of these hypothesized effects to guide the development of strategy. Kaplan and Norton[2001] argue that one of the primary benefits of the balanced scorecard is its use in gauging the success of strategy. Norreklit[2000] insist that the cause-and-effect chain is central to the balanced scorecard. The cause-and-effect chain is also central to the IT BSC. However, prior researches on relationship between information system and enterprise strategies as well as connection between various IT performance measurement indicators are not so much studied. Ittner et al.[2003] report that 77% of all surveyed companies with an implemented BSC place no or only little interest on soundly modeled cause-and-effect relationships despite of the importance of cause-and-effect chains as an integral part of BSC. This shortcoming can be explained with one theoretical and one practical reason[Blumenberg and Hinz, 2006]. From a theoretical point of view, causalities within the BSC method and their application are only vaguely described by Kaplan and Norton. From a practical consideration, modeling corporate causalities is a complex task due to tedious data acquisition and following reliability maintenance. However, cause-and effect relationships are an essential part of BSCs because they differentiate performance measurement systems like BSCs from simple key performance indicator(KPI) lists. KPI lists present an ad-hoc collection of measures to managers but do not allow for a comprehensive view on corporate performance. Instead, performance measurement system like BSCs tries to model the relationships of the underlying value chain in cause-and-effect relationships. Therefore, to overcome the deficiencies of causal modeling in IT BSC, sound and robust causal modeling approaches are required in theory as well as in practice for offering a solution. The propose of this study is to suggest critical success factors(CSFs) and KPIs for measuring performance for IT organizations and empirically validate the casual relationships between those CSFs. For this purpose, we define four perspectives of BSC for IT organizations according to Van Grembergen's study[2000] as follows. The Future Orientation perspective represents the human and technology resources needed by IT to deliver its services. The Operational Excellence perspective represents the IT processes employed to develop and deliver the applications. The User Orientation perspective represents the user evaluation of IT. The Business Contribution perspective captures the business value of the IT investments. Each of these perspectives has to be translated into corresponding metrics and measures that assess the current situations. This study suggests 12 CSFs for IT BSC based on the previous IT BSC's studies and COBIT 4.1. These CSFs consist of 51 KPIs. We defines the cause-and-effect relationships among BSC CSFs for IT Organizations as follows. The Future Orientation perspective will have positive effects on the Operational Excellence perspective. Then the Operational Excellence perspective will have positive effects on the User Orientation perspective. Finally, the User Orientation perspective will have positive effects on the Business Contribution perspective. This research tests the validity of these hypothesized casual effects and the sub-hypothesized causal relationships. For the purpose, we used the Partial Least Squares approach to Structural Equation Modeling(or PLS Path Modeling) for analyzing multiple IT BSC CSFs. The PLS path modeling has special abilities that make it more appropriate than other techniques, such as multiple regression and LISREL, when analyzing small sample sizes. Recently the use of PLS path modeling has been gaining interests and use among IS researchers in recent years because of its ability to model latent constructs under conditions of nonormality and with small to medium sample sizes(Chin et al., 2003). The empirical results of our study using PLS path modeling show that the casual effects in IT BSC significantly exist partially in our hypotheses.

• 한국가정과교육학회지
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• 제19권4호
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• pp.219-232
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• 2007

본 연구는 가정과교사의 교육과정 관점과 주거교육가치관 요소에 대한 인식을 알아보고 이들의 관계를 밝히는 데 목적을 두고 있다. 연구 자료는 전국에서 중학교 가정교과의 주생활 영역을 지도하고 있거나 지도해 본 경험이 있는 교사를 상대로 e-mail과 방문을 통해 설문지로 수집하였으며, 207부를 최종 분석에 사용하였다. 자료는 SPSS/WIN(ver. 10.0) 프로그램을 이용하여 평균, 표준편차, 백분율, t-test, ANOVA와 scheffe, 상관관계 분석을 실시하였다. 본 연구를 통해 밝혀진 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 가정과교사의 교육과정 관점은 실존적 관점이 가장 높았고, 그 다음으로 구조적 관점, 전통적 관점의 순으로 높았다. 전통적 관점은 교사의 연령과 교직경력이 많고 남녀공학보다는 남학교나 여학교 근무 교사가 그리고 사립학교에 다니는 교사가 높았다. 실존적 관점은 여교사, 가정교육전공, 대학원 재학 이상 학력, 공립학교에 다니는 교사가 높았다. 구조적 관점은 여교사, 연령이 적고, 가정교육전공, 그리고 대학원 재학 이상의 학력을 지닌 교사가 높았다. 둘째, 가정과교사의 주거교육가치관 요소의 일반적 경향은 9개 요소 모두 평균 이상이었다. 그 중 주거의 생태학적 요소를 가장 중요하게 생각하고 있었고, 그 다음으로 경제적인 요소, 사회심리적 요소, 공간계획적 요소, 지역환경적인 요소, 진로교육적인 요소, 문화적 요소, 주거관리적인 요소, 주택정책적 요소 순이었다. 가정과교사의 일반적 특성 중에서 전공자격, 최종학력은 5개의 주거 가치관 요소와 차이를 보였으며 학교 형태는 4개, 가족수, 소득수준, 교직경력은 각각 2개씩, 그리고 성별, 결혼여부, 거주주택 유형, 연령은 각각 1개씩의 주거가치관 요소와 차이를 보였다. 가정교육 전공 교사가 사회심리적 요소, 경제적인 요소, 지역환경적인 요소, 생태학적 요소를 기술교육 전공 교사보다 중요하게 생각한 반면 기술교육 전공 교사는 주거관리적 요소를 가정교육 전공 교사보다 중요하게 생각하였다. 최종학력에 따라서는 대학원 재학 이상인 교사가 그렇지 않은 교사보다 사회심리적 요소, 지역환경적 요소, 생태학적 요소, 주택정책적 요소, 그리고 문화적 요소를 중요하게 생각하였다. 학교 형태에 따라서는 여학교에 근무하는 교사가 남학교나 남녀 공학에 근무하는 교사 보다 사회심리적 요소와 주택 정책적 요소를 보다 더 중요하게 생각하고 여학교나 남녀공학에 근무하는 교사는 남학교에 근무하는 교사보다 지역환경적 요소와 생태학적 요소를 더 중요하게 생각하였다. 셋째, 가정과교사의 교육과정 관점과 주거교육가치관 요소와의 관계를 알아본 결과, 전통적 관점은 주거교육가치관 요소 중 오직 주거관리적 요소와 관계가 있었으나 그 정도는 낮으며 실천적 관점과 구조적 관점은 주거가치관의 각 요소에 따라 약간 다르기는 했으나 주로 보통의 관계를 보였다.