• 한국지구과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2010.04a
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• pp.54-54
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• 2010

국내에서 새의 발자국 화석에 대한 고생물학적 연구가 수행된 지 40년이 지난 시점에서 척추동물 발자국과 보행렬 화석 관련 용어를 검토한 결과 학자들마다 다르게 사용하고 있음을 알게 되었다. 학자들 간의 학술적 이해와 학술 교류 및 일반인들의 이해를 돕고 혼란을 없애기 위해서 서로 다르게 사용된 용어들은 가장 적절하게 표현되어야 한다는 생각에서, 그리고 전문가의 건설적인 조언과 의견을 듣기 위해서 검토 내용을 바탕으로 개인적인 생각을 다음과 같이 정리 제안한다. 1. Track (footprint)은 발자국, track fossil은 발자국 화석, track length와 track width는 각각 발자국 길이와 발자국 폭으로 나타내는 것이 적절한 것으로 생각한다. 2. Trackway는 보행렬, trackway width 보행렬 폭으로 표현하는 것이 좋을 것으로 생각한다. 3. Pace는 걸음 거리, pace angle은 걸음 각, stride는 보폭, stride length는 보폭 거리로 나타내는 것이 적절한 것으로 생각되어 이러한 용어의 사용을 제안한다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Information Science Society Conference
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• 2001.04a
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• pp.13-15
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• 2001

슈퍼스칼라 프로세서에서 값 예측기는 한 명령어의 결과를 미리 예측하여 명령들 간의 데이터 종속관계를 극복하고 실행함으로써 명령어 수준 병렬성 (Instruction Level Parallesim, ILP)을 향상시키는 기법이다. 최근의 값 예측기는 프로세서의 명령 이슈율이 커짐에 따라 예측 테이블의 갱신이 테이블의 참조 속도를 따라가지 못하여 예측기의 성능이 저하되는 경향이 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 성능저하를 줄이기 위해 명령의 결과가 나올 때까지 기다리지 않고 테이블 값을 모험적으로 갱신(speculative update)하는 스트라이드 값 예측기를 제안한다. 제안된 방식의 타당성을 검증하기 위해 SimpleScalar 시뮬레이터 상에 제안된 예측기를 구현하여 SPECint95 벤치마트를 시뮬레이션하고 제안된 스트라이드 모험적 갱신(stride speculative update)이 기존의 스트라이드 예측기 보다 성능이 향상됨을 보인다.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.197-202
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• 2001

The biomechanical analysis of the load carrying effect on different floor surfaces has been conducted. Four different floor surfaces were prepared for ten subjects with each walking at a fixed velocity(1.33 m/sec) while carrying five different loads. The results showed that because of the significant interaction effect between floor slipperiness and the load carrying task, the load carrying effect should be analyzed according to different levels of the floor slipperiness, especially contaminant floors. On oily surfaces, slip distance(SD) and heel velocity (HV) increased whereas stride length(SL) decreased as load increased. In other words, significantly longer SD, faster HV, and no normal gait were found as load increased. As a result, a different protocol should be applied to measure floor slipperiness on oily floors as compared to dry surfaces for tribological approach.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.104-108
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• 2021

In order to improve performance in IoT, edge computing system, a memory is usually configured in a hierarchical structure. Based on the distance from CPU, the access speed slows down in the order of registers, cache memory, main memory, and storage. Similar to the change in performance, energy consumption also increases as the distance from the CPU increases. Therefore, it is important to develop a technique that places frequently used data to the upper memory as much as possible to improve performance and energy consumption. However, the technique should solve the problem of cache performance degradation caused by lack of spatial locality that occurs when the data access stride is large. This study proposes a technique to selectively place data with large data access stride to a software-controlled cache. By using the proposed technique, data spatial locality can be improved by reducing the data access interval, and consequently, the cache performance can be improved.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.221-228
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• 2016

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate differences in gait parameters and symmetry between walking speed by using the Froude number and preferred walking speed. Method: Fifty adults (age: $21.0{\pm}1.7years$, body weight: $71.0{\pm}9.2kg$, height: $1.75{\pm}0.07m$, leg length: $0.89{\pm}0.05m$) participated in this study. Leg length-applied walking speed was calculated by using the Froude number, defined as Fr = ${\upsilon}^2$/gL, where v is the velocity, g is the gravitational acceleration, and L is the leg length. Video data were collected by using eight infrared cameras (Oqus 300, Qualysis, Sweden) and the Qualisys Track Manager software (Qualisys, Sweden), with a 200-Hz sampling frequency during two-speed walking (preferred walking speed [PS] and leg length-applied walking speed [LS]) on a treadmill (Instrumented Treadmill, Bertec, USA). The step length, stride length, support percentage, cadence, lower joint angle, range of motion (ROM), and symmetry index were then calculated by using the Matlab R2009a software. Results: Step and stride lengths were greater in LS than in PS (p < 0.05). The right single-support percentage was greater in LS than in PS (p < 0.05). The hip joint angle at heel contact and toe-off were greater in LS than in PS (p < 0.05). The hip and knee joint ROM were greater in LS than in PS (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Based on our findings, we suggest that increased walking speed had a significant effect on step length, stride length, support percentage, and lower joint ROM.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.127-133
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• 2018

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of foam roller (FR) stretching, kinesiotaping (KT), and dynamic stretching (DS) on gait parameters after inducing muscle fatigue in the ankle joint. Design: Cross-sectional study. Methods: The subjects were thirty healthy young adults between the ages of 20 and 31 years at Baekseok University who voluntarily participated in this study. The participants were randomly assigned to either the FR group, KT group, or the DS group after inducing muscle fatigue of the ankle joint. Fatigue induction of the ankle joint muscles was performed by alternating a heel up and down exercise with the standing posture on the ground. The speed was maintained at 40 beats/minute using a metronome. Subsequently, the respective intervention was applied to each group. Gait parameters were measured before and after ankle muscle fatigue induction, and after intervention using the GAITRite system. One-way ANOVA was used to compare gait parameters among groups, while repeated measures ANOVA was used to compare gait parameters within each intervention group. Results: The FR group increased significantly in velocity, step length, and stride length except for cadence after intervention compared to after ankle muscle fatigue induction (p<0.01). Furthermore, the KT group showed significant increases in velocity, cadence, step length, and stride length after intervention, especially in cadence group (p<0.05). All intervention groups showed significant increases in stride length after intervention, especially the DS group (p<0.05). Conclusions: Therefore, we suggest that KT, FR, and DS can be an effective intervention on gait parameters when the ankle joint is unstable and injured.

• Journal of KIISE:Computer Systems and Theory
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• v.26 no.11
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• pp.1429-1436
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• 1999

데이타들에 대한 선인출 효과를 얻기 위하여 캐쉬 메모리의 캐쉬 블록은 다중 워드로 구성된다. 그러나 선인출된 데이타들이 사용되지 않을 경우 캐쉬 메모리가 낭비되고 따라서 캐쉬 실패율이 증가한다. 데이타 배열 병합 방법은 캐쉬 실패 원인의 하나인 캐쉬 충돌 실패를 감소시키기 위하여 사용되고 있다. 그러나 기존의 배열 병합 방법은 유용하지 못한 데이타들을 캐쉬 블록에 선인출하는 현상을 보인다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 현상을 개선한 스트라이드 배열 병합을 제안한다. 모의시험에서 캐쉬 블록이 다중 워드로 구성된 경우 스트라이드 배열 병합은 캐쉬 충돌 실패를 감소시킬 뿐 만 아니라 유용한 데이타 선인출을 증가 시키므로 캐쉬 성능을 향상시킴을 보여준다. 또한 이렇게 향상된 캐쉬 성능은 프로세서 증가에 따른 확장성 있는 프로그램 성능을 나타낸다.Abstract The cache memory is composed of cache lines with multiple words to achieve the effect of data prefetching. However, if the prefetched data are not used, the spaces of the cache memory are wasted and thus the cache miss rate increases. The data merging-arrays method is used for the sake of the reduction of the cache conflict misses. However, the existing merging-arrays method results in the useless data prefetching. In this paper, a stride merging-arrays method is suggested for improving this phenomenon. Simulation results show that when a cache line is composed of multiple words, the stride merging-arrays method increases the cache performance due to not only the reduction of cache conflict misses but also the useful data prefetching. This enhanced cache performance also represents the more scalable performance of parallel applications according to increasing the number of processors.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Physical Medicine
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.69-74
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• 2014

PURPOSE: The aim of this study is to compare the spatio-temporal gait parameters between paretic and non-paretic limb while stepping over the different obstacle's heights in subjects with stroke. METHODS: Nine subjects with stroke were participated in this study. Subjects were asked to step over obstacles with a different height. 8 camera motion analysis system(Motion Analysis Corporation, Santa Rosa, USA) was used to measure spatio-temporal parameters. The two way repeated measurement ANOVA was used to compare spati-temporal gait parameters between paretic and non-paretic limbs while stepping over a different obstacle's height(0cm, 10cm, 20cm). RESULTS: Step width, velocity, single supoort time, and double support time were not different among obstacle's height(p>0.05) but stride length, step length, and cadence were significantly different(p>0.05). In stride length, cadence, and double support time, the interactions between obstacle's heights and limbs were not different(p>0.05) but it was significantly different in velocity, step length, and single support time(p<0.05). Velocity, stride length, cadence, and double support times were not different between paretic limb and non-paretic limb(p>0.05) but step length and single support times were significantly different between paretic limb and non-paretic limb(p<0.05). CONCLUSION: These results show that there are differences with spatio-temporal gait parameters among obstacle's heights and between paretic and non-paretic limb during obstacle crossing in subjects with stroke.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information Security & Cryptology
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.437-447
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• 2018

Virtual Reality (VR) is becoming a new standard in the game industry. PokeMon GO is a representative example of VR technology. The day after the launch of PokeMon Go in the U.S, It has achieved the highest number of iOS App Store downloads. This is an example of the power of VR. VR comprises gyroscopes, acceleration, tactile sensors, and so on. This allow users could be immersed in the game. As new technologies emerge, new and different threats are created. So we need to research the security of VR technology and game system. In this paper, we conduct a threat analysis for information assurance of VR device (Oculus Rift) and game system (Quake). We systematically analyze the threats (STRIDE, attack library, and attack tree). We propose security measures through DREAD. In addition, we use Visual Code Grepper (VCG) tool to find out logic errors and vulnerable functions in source code, and propose a method to solve them.

• The Journal of Korean Physical Therapy
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.45-64
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of the pelvic tilting exercise, pelvic tilting exercises with floor walking training, pelvic tilting exercises with treadmill walking training on quantitative gait function in patients with hemiplegia. Thirty patients with hemiplegia due to cerebrovascular disease participated in this study. Subjects were randomly assigned to one of pelvic tilting exercise group, pelvic tilting exercise with floor walking training group and pelvic tilting exercises with treadmill walking training group. The effects of each therapeutic method were evaluated by measurements of gait velocity, cadence, stride length, step length, base of support and foot angle using ink-foot prints. Data were analyzed statistically using paired t-test and one-way ANOVA. The results of this research are as followings : 1. After treatment, it turned out that pelvic tilting exercises with treadmill walking training has the most effect on gait velocity, cadence, stride length, step length and foot angle, which has significant difference in statistics (p<0.05). 2. Quantification of the gait velocity, cadence, both stride length and step length demonstrated a significant increase (p<0.05) after treatment in all groups when compared with values measured before treatment. The base of support and foot angle in affected side decreased significantly (p<0.05) after treatment in all groups when compared with values measured before treatment. 3. The lumbosacral angle noted a significant increase (p<0.05) after treatment in all groups, however, an ANOVA analysis did not reveal any differences between groups.