• Computers and Concrete
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.407-416
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• 2021

The checking stresses in the Chinese codes for reinforced concrete (RC) or prestressed concrete (PC) bridges are aimed for the thin-web beam, which cannot reflect the actual behavior of the modern structures. The incompleteness of the checking stresses could give rise to the deficiency in the design and calculation, and unable to reveal the reason of some common cracks in the structure. In this paper, the complete stress checklist for RC or PC girder bridges are listed, as well as the corresponding crack shapes. The expression of the complete checking stresses is proposed in details. Spatial Grid Model can reflect all the concerned stresses in the structure. Through the comparison of the calculation results from the spatial grid model and the solid model, it is seen that the spatial grid model can reflect load effects such as shear lag effect, thin-wall effect and local effect. The stresses obtained from the spatial grid model could help engineers to have a good understanding of the structural behavior. Meanwhile, the stress checklist provides the information for analyzing and solving the deficiency in the structure.

• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.11-32
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• 2002

This article evaluates the existing subjective measures that have been utilized in surface transportation to assess various aspects of operator status such as fatigue, sleepiness, arousal, mood, etc. Specifically, the representative six subjective instruments - Epworth Sleepiness Scale, Karolinska Sleepiness Scale, Pearson and Byars Fatigue Checklist, Stanford Sleepiness Scale, Stress-Arousal Checklist, and NPRU Mood Scale - are compared and contrasted in terms of reliability, . validity, sensitivity, and appropriateness for application. Recommendations for application of the subjective measures in surface transportation are discussed.

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.189-208
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• 2015

The purposes of this study were twofold. Firstly, we sought to examine the effects of the severity of behavior problems of children with autism spectrum disorders and maternal stress coping styles on maternal parenting stress. Secondly, we investigated whether maternal stress coping styles moderate the relationship between the severity of children's behavior problems on parenting stress. The participants of this study comprised 106 mothers of children with ASD who were aged 6 to 18. In order to measure the research variables, the Parenting Stress Scale(Hwang, 2002), the Korean version of Child Behavior Checklist for Ages 6-18(Oh, Kim, Ha, Lee, & Hong, 2010), the Ways of Coping Checklist(Kim, 1987) were used. The data were analyzed by means of descriptive statistics and hierarchical multiple regression analyses. The results indicated that both the severity of externalizing behavior problems and the emotion-focused stress coping styles had significant and positive effects on parenting stress. Second, the stress coping styles had no moderating effect on the relationship between the severity of behavior problems(externalizing behavior problems, internalizing behavior problems) and maternal parenting stress.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.49 no.6
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• pp.376-385
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• 2016

Objectives: This study was conducted to investigate the relationships among job stress, job satisfaction, and mental health in marine officers. Methods: The researchers gathered data on marine officers working at a harbor in Chungcheong Province, South Korea, using a self-reported questionnaire. Mental health was measured by the Symptom Checklist-90-Revision (SCL-90-R), and general characteristics including socioeconomic factors, job stress, and job satisfaction were measured by structured questionnaires. Multiple regression analysis was performed to investigate the relationships among job stress, job satisfaction, and mental health status according to the symptom dimensions of the SCL-90-R. Results: Among the marine officers, obsessive-compulsive behavior, depression, and somatization were the most problematic symptoms. Those who reported poor health, low job satisfaction, and high job stress had a higher prevalence of psychoticism, somatization, depression, anxiety, and phobic anxiety. Conclusions: An occupational health system should be introduced that would regularly check the mental health of marine officers in charge of ships and sailors, in order to help reduce their stress levels, enhance their job satisfaction, and thereby improve their mental health.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.236-245
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• 2011

Objectives : The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship of the parenting stress with their children's characteristics for typically developing preschool children. Methods : Parents of 38 preschool children (mean age : 4.4${\pm}$0.7 years, 22 boys) completed the Korean Parenting Stress Index, the Korean Child Behavior Checklist, the Conners Parent and Teacher Rating Scale-Abbreviated form (CPRS and CTRS), the Junior Temperament and Character Inventory, the Children's Sleep Habit Questionnaire and the Social Responsiveness Scale. All 38 children performed the Comprehensive Attention Test (CAT). Results : The children's inattentive and hyperactive problems, as measured by the CBCL, CPRS and CAT, had positive correlation with parenting stress. Both internalizing and externalizing behavioral problems were associated with parenting stress. Of the child's temperament dimensions, Novelty Seeking and Harm Avoidance were positively correlated with parenting stress, but Persistence and Cooperativeness were negatively correlated with parenting stress. Sleep anxiety and other sleep characteristics showed a correlation with parenting stress. Social Motivation and Communication were also positively related to parenting stress. Conclusion : Our results suggest that parenting stress could be related to the children's cognition, emotion, behavioral characteristics, sleep habits and social development. These results could assist in the development of interventions to improve the parental well-being in typically developing preschool children.

• Journal of the Korean Academy of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.49-57
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• 2007

Objectives : The research is designed in order to know how much Traumatic Symptom Checklist fur Children(TSCC) is effective in the case of child abuses, especially in the estimation of the psychopathology of child sexual abuse. Methods : A sample includes a group of thirty children of 4th, 5th and 6th grade whose sexual abuse have confirmed and also a group of thirty four normal kids who have no abuse. Along with TSCC, Children's Depression Inventory (CDI) and Revised Children's Manifest Anxiety Scale (RCMAS) were used to children and child behavior checklist (K-CBCL), sexual behaviors (CSBI), and Kiddie-Schedule for Affective Disorder and Schizophrenia-Present and Lifetime version (K-SADS-PL) record sheets were used to kids' parents. Results : In case of the sexual abuse group, the most meaningful difference from the analyzed result is shown at sexual concerns scale which is one of the clinical scale in TSCC (p<.01). Also, the sexual abuse group has the meaningful higher score than the general group's one in the stress scale after the other anxiety, depression, anger and dissociation (p<.01). Conclusion : The scale of TSCC has relatively shown the characteristic symptom and severity which were gained from the children who have experienced trauma, especially sexual abuse.

• Journal of Oriental Neuropsychiatry
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.13-23
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• 2020

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to review the research trends in the treatment of hatha-style yoga on Post Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). Methods: We searched articles in Pubmed and the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) January 2010-December 2019, for studies to treat PTSD using hatha-style yoga. Selected studies were evaluated by the CLEAR-NPT (A Checklist to Evaluate a Report of a Non-pharmacological Trial). Results: Seven randomized controlled clinical trials were selected. PSS-I (PTSD Symptom Scale-Interview) was the most frequently used as diagnostic criteria. The PCL (PTSD Checklist) was also the most commonly used outcome measurement. Of the seven articles, most studies reported that hatha-style yoga was effective to reduce symptoms of PTSD. Conclusions: Hatha-style yoga practice intervention can be used to relieve symptoms of PTSD. More studies should be conducted to make hatha-style yoga as protocol (complementary therapy) for PTSD patients.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.99-108
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between physical fitness, and physical and psychological stress of females. The subjects of this study were 139 adult women, without a specific medical illness. The stress level was evaluated by Derogetis's checklist-90-Revision symptom of physical and psychological stress (Cronbach's a=0.88, 0.87). The physical fitness factors in this study were cardiopulmonary endurance, muscle endurance, muscle strength, power, agility, and flexibility. To analyze the data to examine the relationship between the physical and psychological stress, and physical fitness, correlation analysis was applied. The findings of this study were as follows. First, among the physical fitness factors, cardiopulmonary endurance, along with muscle strength and power had significant relations with physical stress (p<.01). Second, among the physical fitness factors, cardiopulmonary endurance showed a significant relation with psychological stress (p<.05).

• Korean Journal of Child Studies
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.55-72
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• 2008

This study investigated how mother's thinking styles are represented and researched relationships between their thinking styles, their stress coping styles, and child-rearing stress. Subjects were 254 mothers of children attending child care centers and kindergartens. Instruments were the Thinking Styles Questionnaire Short Version (Sternberg & Wagner, 1991), Parenting Stress Index/Short Form (Abidin, 1990), and the Way of Coping Checklist (Lazarus & Folkman, 1984) Data were analyzed by MANOVA, Pearson's correlation, and regression. Results showed more educated mothers had legislative and internal thinking styles, and mothers employed outside the home had hierarchical, internal, and liberal thinking styles. Varieties of maternal thinking styles were related to parental distress, to parent-child dysfunctional interaction and to child's difficult temperament.

• Journal of Trauma and Injury
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.113-119
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• 2017

Purpose: Despite the numerous protocols and evidence-based guidelines that have been published, application of the therapeutics to eligible patients is limited in clinical settings. Therefore, a rounding checklist was developed to reduce errors of omission and the implementation results were evaluated. Methods: A checklist consisting of 12 components (feeding, analgesia, sedation, thromboembolic prophylaxis, head elevation, stress ulcer prevention, glucose control, pressure sore prevention, removal of catheter, endotracheal tube and respiration, delirium monitoring, and infection control) was recorded by assigned nurses and then scored by the staff for traumatized, critically ill patients who were admitted in the trauma intensive care unit (ICU) of Dankook University Hospital for more than 2 days. A total of 170 patients (950 sheets) between April and October 2016 were divided into 3 periods (period 1, April to June; period 2, July to August; and period 3, September to October) for the analysis. Questionnaires regarding the satisfaction of the nurses were conducted twice during this implementation period. Results: Record omission rates decreased across periods 1, 2, and 3 (19.9%, 12.7%, and 4.2%, respectively). The overall clinical application rate of the checklist increased from 90.1% in period 1 to 93.8% in period 3. Among 776 (81.7%) scored sheets, the rates of full compliance were 30.2%, 46.2%, and 45.1% for periods 1, 2, and 3, respectively. The overall mean score of the questionnaire regarding satisfaction also increased from 61.7 to 67.6 points out of 100 points from period 1 to 3. Conclusions: An ICU rounding checklist could be an effective tool for minimizing the omission of preventative measures and evidence-based therapy for traumatized, critically-ill patients without overburdening nurses. The clinical outcomes of the ICU checklist will be evaluated and reported at an early date.