• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.362-366
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• 2007

곤달비 메탄올 추출물은 100mg/kg 및 200mg/kg의 경구투여로 STZ로 유도된 당뇨병의 제반 증상을 완화하였다. 즉, STZ의 투여는 흰쥐의 체중, 수분 섭취, 식이섭취를 증가시켰으며, 혈당량, 혈청 triglyceride 량, 동맥경화 위험지수를 증가시켰으나, 곤달비 추출물의 투여는 이러한 당뇨병에 관련된 증상을 개선하였다. 이와 더불어, 위의 당뇨병 모델 쥐에서 당내성 실험에서도 곤달비 추출물이 현저한 효과를 나타내었으므로 혈당의 세포내 이행을 촉진시키는 것으로 확인되었다. 이상과 같은 결과로부터 곤달비 추출물은 당뇨병 및 그에 따르는 고지혈증에 유효하였으므로 당뇨병 질환의 완화를 위하여 사용될 수 있는 산채 식품인 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 결과를 바탕으로 곤달비의 활성 물질의 입증과 그 이용에 관한 계속적인 연구가 필요한 것으로 생각된다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.204-209
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• 2010

STZ으로 당뇨를 유발 8주 후 당뇨대조군은 공복혈당이 $451{\pm}42.6\;mg/dL$인데 비해 Kocat-D1-1(Kocat-D1 추출물을 0.25 g/kg/day 투여한 군)에서는 $334.3{\pm}32.9\;mg/dL$, Kocat-D1-2(Kocat-D1 추출물을 1 g/kg/day 투여한 군)에서는 $259.5{\pm}35.0\;mg/dL$로 투여 농도에 의존적으로 당뇨대조군에 비해 유의적 수준으로 혈당이 낮아졌다. OGTT 검사에서도 180분 경과 후에도 당뇨대조군은 포도당 투여전보다 혈당이 $55.5{\pm}5.1\;mg/dL$ 높았으나 Kocat-D1-2는 $17.0{\pm}7.4\;mg/dL$로 유의적으로 낮아졌다. STZ에 의해 유도된 당뇨쥐는 정상대조군에 비해 혈장내의 GOT($411.3{\pm}31.3\;U/L$), GPT($162.3{\pm}23.2\;U/L$) 모두 현저히 증가하였다. 이에 비해 Kocat-D1-2 군에서는 GOT($247.0{\pm}33.4\;U/L$), GPT($116.3{\pm}17.4\;U/L$) 모두 유의적인 수준으로 당뇨대조군에 비해 감소하였다. 알부민 수치 또한 정상대조군 $3.9{\pm}0.1\;U/L$에 비해 당뇨대조군은 $2.7{\pm}0.3\;U/L$으로 낮아졌으나 Kocat-D1-2군에서는 $3.0{\pm}0.1\;U/L$로 증가하였다. HDL-콜레스테롤 수치 또한 정상대조군이 $26.8{\pm}3.9\;mg/dL$인데 비해 당뇨대조군은 $11.7{\pm}1.3\;mg/dL$로 낮아졌다. 그러나 Kocat-D1을 투여한 두 군 모두 각각 $22.3{\pm}2.0$, $26.8{\pm}1.2\;mg/dL$로 유의적인 수준으로 증가하였다. 간조직의 조직학적 관찰에서도 당뇨대조군의 경우 간세포사이에 지방구가 관찰되었으나, Kocat-D1-2는 거의 정상대조군과 유사하였으며 지방구를 관찰 할 수 없었다. 각 실험군의 혈액 중 인슐린 농도를 측정한 결과 정상대조군 $0.18{\pm}0.02\;ng/mL$인데 비해 당뇨대조군은 $0.05{\pm}0.04\;ng/mL$로 낮아졌으나 Kocat-D1-1은 $0.11{\pm}0.05$, Kocat-D1-2는 $0.13{\pm}0.02\;ng/mL$로 증가하였다. 췌장의 베타세포의 상대적 용적을 측정한 결과 Kocat-D1-2 군은 당뇨대조군의 $12.9{\pm}7.9%$에 비해 $49.4{\pm}4.2%$로 유의적인 수준으로 증가하였다. Kocat-D1-1군에서도 당뇨대조군보다 증가하는 경향은 보였으나 유의적인 차이는 없었다. Kocat-D1은 인슐린을 분비를 촉진시켜 혈당을 강하시키는 항당뇨효과를 가지고 있음을 알 수 있었다. 따라서 아직 명확한 학명 규명이 규명되지는 않았지만 Kocat-D1은 의약품 소재 및 기능성 식품 소재로서의 활용가능성이 있음을 본 연구를 통해 확인하였다.

• 한국식품위생안전성학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.349-354
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• 2001

산화적 스트레스는 당뇨병과 관련된 맥관계병변의 전개에 아주 중요한 역할을 한다고 알려져 있다. 따라서 본 실험에서는 streptozotocin(STZ)투여에 의한 당뇨유발쥐를 사용하여 참께함유 항산화성분인 sesamin과 sesamolin의 혈당과 생체내 항산화 방어효소에 미치는 효과에 대하여 알아보고자, 당뇨유발쥐에 0.2% sesamin또는 0.2% sesamolin 함유사료를 3주간 급여하여, 혈당농도, 뇨당농도, 혈청 GOT와 GPT활성, 혈청 및 간조직의 지질과산화물,그리고 GSH함량과 GST활성에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. STZ투여군의 혈당량은 319.4 $\pm$105.74mg/dL였는데, sesamin급여군은 146.56$\pm$23.99mg/dL, sesamolin급여군은170.74$\pm$105.94mg/dL로 유의하게 감소하였다. 당뇨병쥐의 뇨당농도가 21.16$\pm$13.72 mg/dL였는데, 세사민과 세사몰린 급여시에는 19.52 $\pm$ 8.99 mg/day와 10.93 $\pm$ 7.79 mg/day로 유의하게 감소하였다. STZ투여에 의하여 증가된 GOT와 GPT활성도는 세사민과 세사몰린의 급여에 의하여 GPT활성도만이 유의하게 감소되었다. STZ투여에 의해 증가한 간조직 중의 지질과산화물 생성은 세사민과 세사몰린 급여에 의해 유의하게 감소하였다. STZ투여에 의해 감소된 신장의 GSH함량과 GST활성은 세사민과 세사몰린에 의해 회복되었다. 이상의 결과 세사민과 세사몰린이 신장조직에서 일차적으로 산화된 산화물을 포집하고 GSH를 이용하여 체내의 독성 물질을 전이 분해시키는 작용을 하여 STZ에 의해 유도된 각종 독성을 무독화시켜 신장의 손상을 보호하여 당뇨억제 작용과 함께 항산화 효과를 나타낸 것으로 생각된다.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제11권4호
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• pp.533-538
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• 2005

This investigation was performed to study the antioxidant activities of Hovenia dulcis THUNBER var. koreana Nakai fruits extracts and the effect of Hovenia dulcis fruits extracts on glucose, lipid metabolism in diabetic rats. DPPH free radical scavanging activitiy and superoxide anion radical Scavenging of Hovenia dulcis fruits $80\%$ methanol extracts were $0.06\pm0.002mg$ polyphrnol/ml and $0.l2\pm0.00lmg$ polyphmol/ml, respectively. Hovenia dulcis fruits $80\%$ methanol extracts were partitioned into hexan, dichloro methane, ethyl acetate and butanol, successively. Ethyl acetate fraction were good antioxidant activity. Streptozotocin (45 mg/kg body weight, i.p.) induced diabetic rats showed a significant increases of plasma glucose, triglyceride and total cholesterol. Concomitantly significant decrease of plasma high density lipoprotein. Glutathione level were decrease in cytosol of liver. Lipid peroxide were increase in microsome of liver. Group 1 and 2 were treated with Hovenia dulcis fruits ethyl acetate extracts 50 mg/kg body weight and 20mg/kg body weight for 24 days, individually. Group land 2 rats showed decreased plasma glucose, triglyceride, total cholesterol and lipide peroxide in microsome of liver tissue of rats, and increased plasma high density lipoprotein and glutathione in cytosol of liver tissue rats. The result suggest that Hovenia dulcis THUNBER var. koreana Nakai fruits extracts may effectively normalize the impaired antioxiants status in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Hovenia dulcis fruits ethyl acetate extracts were used to improve the imbalance between free radicals and antioxidant system due to the diabetes.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.791-797
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• 2006

Objectives : The objective of the study was to observe the effects of different treatment lengths of Rhizoma Alismatis on diabetes mellitus. Methods : Rats were divided into three groups: normal(non-treated group), control (group administered saline for 4, 11, and 18 days), and RA (group administered 2.45mg/200g Rhizoma Alismatis for 4, 11, and 18 days). The experimental results were derived from the measurement of the levels of glucose, ALP, AST, ALT, creatinine and BUN in the serum from the rats on days 4, 11, and 18. Results : The glucose level in the serum significantly decreased on the 18th day. The ALP level in the serum did not show statistical significance. The GOT and GPT levels in the serum slightly decreased on the 4th, 11th, and 18th days, but did not show statistical significance. The creatinine level in the serum was unchanged for all of them. The BUN level in the serum did not show statistical significance. Conclusions : According to the above results, it is concluded that Rhizoma Alismatis has a therapeutic effect on diabetes mellitus with a longer period ofintake. As to influence upon the liver and kidney, there was no damage orside effects.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.39-45
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• 2003

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been suggested to be contributory factors in complications of diabetes mellitus. In the present study, we investigated the generation of superoxide, the lipid peroxide level measured as thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, the vasorelaxation of isolated thoracic aorta and the iNOS expression in kidney of streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. Sprague Dawley rats were divided into four groups: control, ascorbate (400 mg/kg rat weight daily in drinking water), diabetic (single dose of 50 mg of STZ/kg i.p.) and diabetic simultaneously fed with ascorbate for 12 wk. Rats in groups were studied at tri-weekly intervals (0 to 12 wk). Diabetic rats were evaluated periodically with changes of plasma glucose levels and body weight. The ascorbate supplimentation attenuated the development of hyperglycemia and weight loss induced by STZ injection in rats. In the present experimental condition, the ascorbate supplimentation had no significant effect on plasma glucose levels and changes in body weight of normal rate. The superoxide generation, formation of thiobarbituric acid reactive substance and iNOS expression in kidney were significantly increased in STZ-treated rats that were decreased by ascorbate supplimentation. The ascorbate supplimentation had no effect on vasorelaxation of isolated thoracic aorta. These results indicate that ascorbate supplimentation may exert an inhibitory effect on STZ-induced oxidative tissue damage through protection of pancreatic islet cells by scavanging reactive oxygen species. The ascorbate supplimentation may possibly attenuate the renal complication of diabetes mellitus.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 2016

Background: Korean Red Ginseng (KRG) is a herbal medicine used in Asian countries and is very popular for its beneficial biological properties. Diabetes mellitus (DM) and its complications are rapidly becoming a global public health concern. The literature on transcriptional changes induced by KRG in rat models of diabetic retinopathy is limited. Considering these facts, we designed this study to determine whether retinopathy-associated genes are altered in retinas of rats with DM and whether the induced changes are reversed by KRG. Methods: Male Sprague-Dawley rats were intravenously injected with streptozotocin (50 mg/kg body weight) to induce DM, following which, KRG powder (200 mg/kg body weight) was orally administered to the KRG-treated DM rat group for 10 wks. The rats were then sacrificed, and their retinas were harvested for total RNA extraction. Microarray gene expression profiling was performed on the extracted RNA samples. Results: From among > 31,000 genes investigated, the expression of 268 genes was observed to be upregulated and that of 58 genes was downregulated, with twofold altered expression levels in the DM group compared with those in the control group. Moreover, 39 genes were upregulated more than twofold and 84 genes were downregulated in the KRG-treated group compared to the DM group. The expression of the genes was significantly reversed by KRG treatment; some of these genes were analyzed further to verify the results of the microarray experiments. Conclusion: Taken together, our data suggest that reversed changes in the gene expression may mediate alleviating activities of KRG in rats with diabetic retinopathy.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.452-465
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• 1998

Rosae laevigatae Fructus extract (RLF) was tested for the effects on the urethral nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity and Antioxidation in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic rats. RLF was treated firstly into samples, and then STZ induced diabetic rats were set with them. In vitro, the urethral NOS activity was not noted but the type O activity and type conversion ratio of xanthine oxidase and the level of urethral lipid peroxide were decreased in the level of Dose of extract prepared from RLF. In vivo, after the extract was administered to the animal model for fifteen days, the urethral NOS activity increased in STZ induced diabetic rats to the level of normal rats. The content of urethral nitrite and glutathione followed by RLF pre-medicating administration, increased as highly as normal group in compare with the group treated with STZ. The type O activity and type conversion ratio of xanthine oxidase and the level of urethral lipid peroxide followed by RLF pre-medicating administration, decreased as lowly as normal group in compare with the group treated with STZ. In conclusion, the extract of RLF will be able to restore erectile dysfunction of STZ induced diabetic rats.

• 생약학회지
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.339-344
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• 2009

Diabetic cataract is a major complication of diabetes mellitus. Excess accumulation of sorbitol plays an important role in the pathogenesis of diabetic complications such as cataract formation. In this study, we investigated the inhibitory effect of the extract of the aerial parts of Aster koraiensis (AK) on diabetic cataractogenesis. To examine this further, we evaluated sorbitol accumulation during cataract development using streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat, an animal model of type 1 diabetes. Diabetic rats were treated orally with AK (100 mg/kg and 200 mg/kg body weight) once a day orally for 9 weeks. In vehicle-treated diabetic rats, lens opacity was increased, and lens fiber swelling and membrane rupture were observed. In addition, sorbitol accumulation in diabetic lens was markedly enhanced. However, AK treatment delayed the progression of diabetic cataract through the inhibition of sorbitol accumulation, and prevented lens fiber degeneration in a dose-dependent manner. These observations suggest that AK treatment can delay the progression of lens opacification in the diabetic rats during the early diabetic cataractogenesis.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.260-264
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• 2008

To find the antidiabetic activity of the tripterpenoid-rich fractions of Rubus coreanus (TRF-cor) and R. crataegifolius (TRF-cra) leaves or its main component niga-ichigoside $F_1$ (Niga-$F_1$), anti-hyperglycemic and antihyperlipidemic effects were investigated in the diabetic rat model induced by streptozotocin (STZ). Treatments of rats with 200 mg/kg of the TRF-cor, TRF-cra (each, p.o.) or 20 mg/kg of Niga-$F_1$ significantly inhibited the increase of blood glucose concentration about 44.8%, 28.7% or 20.6%, respectively, in the diabetic rats. In addition, treatments with those fractions inhibited the increase of serum concentrations of triglyceride, total cholesterol or LDL-cholesterol caused by STZ. The inhibitory rate on atherogenic index (AI) values of the TRFcor (200 mg/kg), TRF-cra (200 mg/kg) or Niga-$F_1$ (20 mg/kg)-treated groups were decreased about 55.7%, 36.3% or 22.6%, respectively, comparable to STZ-treated group. In the oral glucose tolerance test, treatment of TRF-cor or TRF-cra inhibited the increase of blood glucose concentration in the STZ-induced rats. Administration of 20 mg/kg of Niga-$F_1$ (p.o.) also exhibited similar effects with the effects of both TRFs at 200 mg/kg dose (p.o.). These results support that the triterpenoids, in particular Niga-$F_1$, are contributed to the antidiabetic effects of R. coreanus or R. crataegifolius.