• The Korea Journal of Herbology
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.23-30
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• 2011

Objectives : This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Atractylodis Rhizoma Alba water extract on streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetes in rats. Methods : Male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups ; normal, STZ-control and Atractylodis Rhizoma Alba (A) water extract-administrated group. Rats in which diabetic was induced by intraperitonal injection with STZ(60 mg/kg body weight). STZ-induced diabetic rats were orally administrated A extract daily for 5 weeks at doses of 200 or 500 mg/kg. Fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride and blood urea nitrogen were measured in sera of rats. Total volume of urine and urinary creatinine were also measured. Histopathological examination and immunohistochemical staining for the expression of insulin and ${\alpha}$-SMA in pancreas and kidney were performed, respectively. Results : There were no differences in body and kidney weights between STZ-control and A extract-administrated groups. However, serum triglyceride level was significantly decreased in A extract-administrated groups compared with those of STZ-control group. Histopathological analysis of pancreas and kidney revealed increased the number of islets and insulin-positive beta-cells in pancreas, and decreased morphological changes of glomerulus and ${\alpha}$-SMA expression in kidney after the administration of A extract. Conclusions : These results suggest that Atractylodis Rhizoma Alba has a biological action on STZ-induced diabetes in rats via decreasing the serum levels of total triglyceride, and suppressing the morphological changes of pancreas and kidney.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.767-772
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• 2006

This study was to investigate the effect of betaine on the hypoglycemia and hepatoprotection of streptozotocin(STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Male Sprague-Dawley rats weighing around 280 g were randomly assigned to the three experimental groups: a healthy normal group and two groups with STZ-induced diabetes and fed either control diet or betaine diet. Betaine given to the STZ-diabetic rats had significant effect in lowering the serum glucose concentrations compared to the STZ-diabetic rats. The alanine aminotransferase (AST) and aspartate aminotransferase (ALT) activities and triglyceride contents in serum were dramatically higher in the STZ-diabetic rats, but these increases in relation to diabetes also decreased in the STZ-diabetic rats fed betaine. However, the total-cholesterol concentration in the STZ-diabetic rats was even increased by betaine. The morphology of the pancreatic islets in the normal rats showed a typical round form, but most of the islets in the STZ-diabetic rats showed severe morphological alterations by being markedly destroyed. However, the islet morphology of STZ-diabetic rats given betaine mostly maintained a normal rounded appearance. The present study strongly suggests that the administration of betaine showed a moderate hypoglycemic effect by protecting the pancreatic beta-cells by morphological examination from STZ-induced destruction.

• Proceedings of the Korean Nutrition Society Conference
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• 2000.06a
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• pp.117-117
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• 2000

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.79-89
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• 2001

Objectives : This study has been carried out to investigate the effects of the Saengjinyanghyutang-gamibang and Rosa rugosa extracts on pancreas of the hyperglycemia mice induced with streptozotocin. Methods : We examined immunohistochemistry for insulin and COX-2, ultrastructural changes of acini by electron microscope, and changes of the blood glucose and BUN levels. Results : The ${\beta}-cells$ on Langerhnan's islet were destructed by administration of streptozotocin, so that few insulin-positive cells were observed in the control group. However, a lot of insulin-positive cells were observed in the experimental groups. These cells had recovered from the damage. As a result of COX-2 immunostain, COX-2 expression were highest in the control group other than the Saengjinyanghyutang-gamibang and Rosa rugosa extracts administered groups. As the electron microscopical observation, the centroacinar cells and acini of pancreas were destructed or damaged by administration of streptozotocin in the control group, but these recovered !Tom the damage in the other experimental groups. The levels of serum glucose were decreased remarkably on the Rosa rugosa and Saengjinyanghyutang-gamibang extracts administered groups compared with control group. Conclusions : These results suggest that administration of the Rosa rugosa and Saengjinyanghyultang-gamibang extracts to the mice reduced the damage induced by streptozotocin.

• Journal of Oral Medicine and Pain
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.65-80
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• 1997

Cytochrome P450 is an oxidase involved in oxidation of alcohol and is known to be an activator of carcinogen. The present study was perfomed to analyze the effect of diabetes and cold stress on the expression of Cytochrome P450 IIE1(CYPIIE1) in the liver and salivary glands in rats by an immunoblot analysis. Sixty three divided into 4 groups; 1) 20 rats belonging to group I were allowed diabetes (40mg/kg. I.V.) 2) 20 rats of group II were bathed in cold water for 30 seconds twice a day 3) 20 rats comprising group III were received diabetes and cold stress as described above 4) 3 rats of group IV were selected as a control. The rats were sacrificed at the end of the same day 1, 2, 3, 4 weeks experiment. The liver and parotid glands were removed and stored at $-70^{\circ}C$ until use. The stored organs were homogenized for 10 seconds and the supernatants were obtained by centrifugation. The proteins of the supernatants were separated by sodium dodecyl sulfate- polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and subjected to Western blotting. The blotted membranes were incubated with polyclonal antibodies to CYPIIE1. And sepimens were observed with light microscope also under the Hematoxillin-Eosin staining. The obtained results were as follows : 1. In diabetes group, acini had changed to degeneration severely 1 week experiment, but repaired gradually in lapse of time. 2. In diabetes group, septal connective tissue had changed to degeneration little by little from 1 week after experiment, and progressed severely in lapse of time. 3. In stress group, acini had not changed remarkably, but slightly separated each other 3 weeks after experiment. 4. In diabetes and stress group, histological feature had changed remarkably campare with in the group of diabetes only. 5. In all experimental group, CTPIIE1 had expressed remarkably in the liver tissue, but not in the parotid gland tissues. 6. In diabetes and stress group, CYPIIE1 had expressed remarkably campare with in the group of diabetes only.

• YAKHAK HOEJI
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• v.57 no.1
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• pp.37-42
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• 2013

In this present study, we determined the immunoregulatory activity of ginsenoside Rd extract from Panax ginseng. To determine the activity, we tested Rd against $CD4^+$ Th cells in a murine model of type 1 diabetes, which involves Th1-dominant immunity. The type 1 diabetes was caused by streptozotocin (STZ) and the severity of the diabetes was evaluated by measuring the degree of hyperglycemia, a major symptom of diabetes. The data resulting from experiments showed that ginsenoside Rd induced a greater level of Th1 type cytokines [IFN-${\gamma}$ & IL-2] than Th2 type [IL-4 & IL-10] (P<0.05), which was determined by cytokine profile analysis. In the animal model of diabetes, the depletion of $CD4^+$ Th cells by a treatment of anti-CD4 mAb resulted in considerably lower values of blood-glucose levels than those of the mAb-untreated mice, which indicates that the Th1 immune response from $CD4^+$ Th cells are responsible for diabetes. Based on these observations, the effect of Rd on diabetes was examined in the same animal model. Results showed that Rd-treated mice groups had increased levels of blood glucose compared to Rd-untreated mice groups that were used as a negative control (P<0.05). In other words, Rd aggravated the diabetes via the Th1 immune response. In conclusion, ginsenoside Rd had an immunoregulatory activity of Th1-dominant immunity.

• CELLMED
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.25.1-25.6
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• 2012

The aim of the present study was to evaluate the possible roles of hyperforin against hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia and oxidative stress in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Diabetes was induced by a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (65 mg/kg). Biochemical parameters were measured following hyperforin treatment (10 mg/kg, i.p.) for 7 days. Hyperforin treatment significantly reversed the elevations in plasma glucose, triglycerides, total cholesterol and LDL-cholesterol. Hyperforin also reversed the declines in plasma HDL-cholesterol and liver glycogen, but did not reverse the change in plasma insulin levels when compared to the diabetic control rats. Hyperforin treatment also reversed the oxidative stress induced by streptozotocin. Moreover, the effect of the hyperforin on peripheral glucose utilization in normal rats was evaluated by an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Hyperforin treatment significantly increased (p < 0.05) the glucose tolerance compared to the vehicle in OGTT. The antihyperglycemic, antihyperlipidemic and antioxidant activities of hyperforin (10 mg/kg, i.p.) were comparable qualitatively to glibenclamide (1 mg/kg, p.o.). In conclusion, we report for the first time through an in vivo study that hyperforin is potentially valuable for the treatment of diabetes and its associated hyperlipidemia and oxidative stress by enhancing the glucose utilization by peripheral tissues such as muscle and adipose tissues.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.291-298
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• 2018

This study examined the effects of plums produced in Gimcheon area on the glucose and lipid metabolism in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats. Male Sprague-Dawley diabetic rats were divided into four groups: control, diabetic control, Diabetes-low plum (containing 10% plum powder), and Diabetes-high plum (containing 20% plum powder). The animals were fed isocaloric experimental diets based on an AIN-76 diet for 6 weeks. Feed efficiency ratio (FER) of the diabetic groups were significantly lower than that of the control. On the other hand, among the diabetic groups, the FER of the high plum intake group was higher than that of the diabetic control. The liver weight per 100 g body weight of each group was similar but the liver weights tended to decrease as the amount of plum intake was increased. Kidney weight per 100 g body weight of the plum intake groups were significantly different compared to that of the diabetic control. The supplementation of plums lowered the fasting blood glucose level of the diabetic groups and improved the glucose tolerance, thereby lowering the glycosylated hemoglobin index. In addition, the supplementation of plum was lowered the blood total cholesterol concentration and increased the HDL-C/TC (%) significantly, thereby lowering the atherosclerotic index (AI) and hepatic peroxide level. A steady diet of plums produced in Gimcheon may be effective in controlling the blood glucose level and preventing chronic diabetes mellitus.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.90-96
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• 2016

Objective: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is known to cause many systemic complications as well as male infertility. Astaxanthin (ASTX) is a powerful antioxidant that is involved in a variety of biologically active processes, including those with anti-diabetes effects. The present study investigates the effect of ASTX on the spermatozoa function in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats. Methods: We divided 30 adult rats into three groups (10 rats per group), with a control group that received corn oil mixed with chow. DM was induced by intra-peritoneal injection of STZ. Eight weeks after the STZ injection, half of the diabetic animals were used as diabetic controls, and the rest were treated with ASTX for 56 days. Then the parameters and chromatin integrity of the epididymal sperm were analyzed using chromomycin A3, toluidine blue (TB), and acridine orange (AO) staining. Results: The count, viability, and motility of the epididymal sperm were decreased significantly in the STZ group in comparison with the control group (count and viability, p<0.001; motility, p<0.01). ASTX increased normal morphology and viable spermatozoa compared to the STZ group (morphology, p=0.001; viability, p<0.05). The percentage of abnormal chromatins in TB and AO staining was higher in the STZ group compared to the control group (p<0.001). The mean percentage of TB and AO positive spermatozoa in STZ rats was significantly lower in the STZ+ASTX group (TB, p=0.001; AO, p<0.05). Conclusion: This study observed that in vivo ASTX treatment partially attenuates some detrimental effect of diabetes. Conversely, ASTX improved sperm viability, normal morphology, and DNA integrity.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.18-25
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• 2020

Objective: The goal of this study is to investigate whether peripheral axonal regeneration is affected by diabetes in experimental animals. Method: Sprague Dawely rat was injected with 45~50 mg/kg of streptozotocin (STZ) to generate an animal model of diabetes. Three months after STZ injection, sciatic nerve (2 cm length) was removed and the same length of nerve segments from STZ-injected animal or from control animal (CTL) was transplanted into STZ-injected animals (STZ-STZ and STZ-CTL respectively). Similarly, sciatic nerve segments from STZ-injected animal or from control animal were grafted into the control animals (CTL-STZ and CTL-CTL respectively). All animals were sacrificed 2 weeks after transplantation. Sciatic nerve sections were prepared and subjected to immunofluorescence staining analysis. Results: Immunofluorescence staining for NF-200 showed that distal elongation of regenerating axons reached 40~80% of proximal neve in both CTL-STZ and CTL-CTL groups. However, distal elongation in both STZ-STZ and STZ-CTL groups were 20~60% of proximal nerve. Furthermore, measurement of axonal regeneration after immuno-staining with SCG10 showed that the scores of distal elongation relative to proximal nerve were 50~90% in CTL-CTL and CTL-STZ groups and 10-60% in STZ-CTL and STZ-STZ. Conclusions: Our data showed that the levels of axonal regeneration were not affected irrespective of whether they were from STZ- or CTL graft, but were greatly reduced when the nerves were transplanted into the STZ host.