• 한국항해학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.1-18
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• 1997

From the beginning of 1990s , also in the shipping industry, especially liner shipping industry competition has been more intensive and difference of the service quality among shipping companies has been learned . On the other hand, a shipping company has some limitations to do its international mission for itself just by broadening service area. For this reason, the necessity for the global strategi alliance among the shipping companies, which is orginally aimed at sharing of facilities and organixation, has been developed. Through strategic alliance, liner shipping companies do not need to input the additional capitals to increase the material assets such as vessel capacity and spread the risk by the enlargement of the market. Also, they can secure the competitive edge through efficient utilizaton of assets. The purpose of strategic alliance of Hanjin Shipping Ltd., can be summarized as follows ; broadening of service area, cost reduction through vessel sharing, realization of rationalized shipping service by terminal and equipment or facilities sharing. Liner strategic alliances are agreement among liner companies to pol their equipment , andterminals for joint operations and services in which each alliance partner continues to serve its market using jointly operated or used inland feeders,inland terminals, port terminals, and mainline fleets of ship as well as joint pools of containers and equipment. Strategic alliances are generally more formal agreements than consortia and impose longer term and far reaching obligation on their members. It also acts as one in developing and advancing the strategic aims of the alliance members. The most important objective for liner strategic alliances is cost reduction and improvement in capital asset utilization. Main aims of strategic alliance drawn in this paper, can be enumerated follows : 1. improvements in service frequency and quality : 2. improvements in vessel and equipment utilization and thereby reductions in fixed and variable cost ; 3. improvements in market shares and high value cargo booking ; 4. reductions in intermodal storage and port terminal throughput costs ; 5. improvements in negotiating powers with ports and feeder transport providers ; 6. reduction in financial and other fixed costs such as insurance; 7. coordination and integration of MIS and EDI systems and service for greater efficiency and market penetration ; and, 8. improvements in logistic chain management and economic of scale by equipment depot, terminal, and vessel sharing.

• 대한족부족관절학회지
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.108-115
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• 2012

Purpose: To evaluate several risk factors related to re-ulceration of diabetic foot including psychosocial aspects such as familial support and degree of independence of patients' activity. Materials and Methods: We reviewed medical records and performed telephone interview with eighty-five patients who had a history of hospitalization in our hospital due to diabetic foot ulceration from year 2002 to 2010. Based on the collected data, we analyzed several factors such as age, gender, prevalence duration, accompanying diseases, HbA1c level, degree of independence and familial support. Results: The mean age was 61.4 years and most common in the 4th decade. There were 57 cases (67%) of recurrence, predominance of male. Eleven patients with recurrent diabetic foot ulceration had undergone major amputations. Psychosocial problems such as depression, insufficient familial support and mortality were more frequently observed in recurrent group. Conclusion: This study shows that psychosocial factor such as familial support for patient with diabetic foot could be important to reduce the recurrence rate of diabetic foot ulceration. Therefore, we should pay attention to strategic plans for prevention, screening, treatment, and aftercare through the prospective studies including psychosocial risk factor in diabetic foot ulceration.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 9th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.204-212
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• 2022

Recently, the Korean government has been actively promoting the smart city as their strategic agenda. However, to build smart cities that are greener, the authors believe it is essential to rapidly transit conventional energy sources such as fossil fuels to renewable energy. Although there is a big potential for Offshore wind in Korea, there has not been a full-scale commercial offshore wind farm until today. Since Korea is relatively a new market compared to the EU, it can be risky for developers. The authors will introduce risk management best practices in the offshore wind industry applicable to the Korean environment. This paper will mainly introduce an offshore wind project size of 99 MW. The project is expecting a Finance Close (FC) in Q3 2022, so the project team has prepared a risk register with over 150 risks and levers throughout the project lifecycle. Overall risks include risks with Development Expenditure (DEVEX) impact, a Capital Expenditure (CAPEX) impact, and an Operating Expenditure (OPEX) impact. Based on the identified risks, a more qualitative assessment of Cost and Schedule Impact was conducted. In conclusion, a Monte Carlo simulation was performed to propose a quantitative risk assessment to evaluate a benchmark contingency of the project cost.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.43-78
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• 2022

The arena of strategic competition between the US and China is expandable from international politics, trade and commerce to finance. What would happen if financial sanctions against China are imposed by the US? Would US financial sanctions lead to a sudden outflow of foreign capital and a liquidity crisis in China? We try to address these questions by estimating China's capital flows-at-risk with the CDS premium on Chinese sovereign funds. We follow Gelos et al. (2019) in setting up a quantile regression model from which China's foreign capital flow-at-risks are estimated. Based on our analysis of China's monthly capital flow data, we find that a rise in the CDS premium has statistically significant negative impacts on China's foreign capital flows-at-risk, mainly in banking flows. However, the analysis also found that due to favorable global conditions, an increase in the CDS premium is unlikely to trigger a shift to a sudden outflow of foreign capital at the moment. Meanwhile, this study found no statistically significant correlation between Korea's capital flows-at-risk and the CDS premium, suggesting that the negative impact of US financial sanctions on China would not increase the probability of capital flight from Korea in a significant manner.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제26권6호
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• pp.617-634
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• 2007

Algeria is a country with a high seismic activity. During the last decade, many destructive earthquakes occurred, particularly in the northern part, causing enormous losses in human lives, buildings and equipments. In order to reduce this risk in the capital and avoid serious damages to the strategic existing buildings, the government decided to invest into seismic upgrade, strengthening and retrofitting of these buildings. In doing so, seismic vulnerability study of this category of buildings has been considered. Structural analysis is performed on the basis of site investigation (inspection of the building, collecting data, materials, general conditions of the building, etc), and existing drawings (architectural plans, structural design, etc). The aim of these seismic vulnerability studies is to develop guidelines and a methodology for rehabilitation of existing buildings. This paper will provide insight to the vulnerability assessment and strengthening of the telecommunication centre, according to the new code RPA 99/version 2003. Both, static equivalent method and non linear dynamic analysis are performed in this study.

• STI Policy Review
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• 제2권3호
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• pp.35-44
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• 2011

Korea has rapidly increased R&D investment over the last few decades and the intensity of R&D investment is among the highest in the world; however, there are serious concerns about R&D performance and R&D efficiency. This study is to improve the economic assessment methodology regarding a feasibility study for national R&D programs that are thought to be one of the most prominent ways to enhance R&D efficiency. In order to improve the methodology of economic assessment, a few of important factors such as technical or market uncertainty, spillover effect, and R&D contribution ratio should be covered in the model. The focus of this article is technological and market uncertainty that has a close relation with strategic flexibility and utilization potential to increase the value of R&D programs. To improve the current linear and definitive R&D process, a new framework with strategic flexibility is suggested, in which the result of economic assessment that considers technological and market uncertainty is reflected in planning. That kind of feedback process is expected to enhance the value of the program/project as well as R&D efficiency.

• 품질경영학회지
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• 제50권4호
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• pp.635-646
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• 2022

Purpose: In this study, the detailed implementation plan for product safety evaluation and management suggested by KS A ISO 10377 to reduce the risk of harm to consumers and users is presented so that companies can strategically implement it. Methods: In order to achieve the purpose of this study, the upper elements and detailed execution plans shown in KS A 10377 are classified into hierarchies and set as a decision hierarchy. A pairwise comparison is performed to derive it. Results: Among the top factors, 'design safety (D)' was the most important factor, with 0.314. Therefore, ensuring safety in the design stage that can prevent defects in advance is the most important action plan for companies to supply safe products. Conclusion: The results of this study, it is intended to help companies and related organizations more easily understand and continuously apply KS A ISO 10377.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.13-21
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• 2008

형질전환작물 상업화의 최종 규제단계는 위해성심사와 품종출원이다. 위해성심사를 위한 형질전환작물의 위해성 평가는 광범위한 과학자 네트워크, 고비용과 오랜 기간을 필요로 한다. 따라서 형질전환작물 개발자는 우수한 형질의 개발 이외에 위해성평가에 대한 이론적 및 전략적 측면을 부가적으로 고려해야 한다. 유전자변형생물체의 위해성평가에 대한 일반적인 개념은 화학물 위해성평가로부터 유래하였다. 그러나 생물체가 가지는 복잡성 때문에 실질적동등성과 친숙성으로 대표되는 비교접근 방법이 개발되어 왔다. 실제적인 측면에서 통합적인 위해성평가는 유전자이동성, 독성과 알레르기와 같은 개별 위해성평가보다 더 어렵다. 형질전환 계통의 품종출원을 위해서는 위해성평가 단계에서부터 품종보호요건을 고려한 평가자료 생산과 위해성 심사 승인 계통을 이용한 다양한 LMO 품종 육종전략이 필요하다.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제18권8호
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• pp.133-149
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• 2020

본 연구의 목적은 인터넷전문은행에 대한 지각된 위험이 지속적 이용의도에 미치는 영향을 분석하고, 지각된 위험과 지속적 이용의도의 관계에서 수용적 요인의 조절효과를 검증하는 것이다. 이를 통하여 인터넷전문은행의 지속적 이용의도를 높이기 위한 지각된 위험의 대처방안과 수용요인의 전략적 방안을 모색하고자 한다. 연구목적을 달성하기 위하여 인터넷전문은행 이용경험이 있는 20-50대 소비자 457명을 대상으로 중다회귀분석을 실시하였으며, 이를 근거로 수용요인의 상호작용효과를 분석하였다. 연구결과, 첫째, 인터넷전문은행이용 소비자의 지각된 위험, 수용요인과 지속적 이용의도 간에는 유의한 상관관계를 보였다. 둘째, 지각된 재무적, 기능적 위험은 인터넷전문은행의 지속적 이용의도에 유의한 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 유용성은 보안적 위험과 지속적 이용의도의 관계에서 유의한 조절효과가 나타났으며, 편리성은 모든 지각된 위험과 지속적 이용의도의 관계에서 유의한 조절효과를 보였다. 인터넷전문은행의 안정적 정착을 확보하기 위해서는 소비자가 지각하는 재무적·기능적 위험을 완화하고 인터넷전문은행의 유용성과 편리성에 대한 확대가 이루어져야 한다.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.84-91
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• 2018

The present study deals with the management of groundwater resources of an important agriculture track of north-western part of Saudi Arabia. Due to strategic importance of the area efforts have been made to estimate aquifer proneness to attenuate contamination. This includes determining hydrodynamic behavior of the groundwater system. The important parameters of any vulnerability model are geological formations in the region, depth to water levels, soil, rainfall, topography, vadose zone, the drainage network and hydraulic conductivity, land use, hydrochemical data, water discharge, etc. All these parameters have greater control and helps determining response of groundwater system to a possible contaminant threat. A widely used DRASTIC model helps integrate these data layers to estimate vulnerability indices using GIS environment. DRASTIC parameters were assigned appropriate ratings depending upon existing data range and a constant weight factor. Further, land-use pattern map of study area was integrated with vulnerability map to produce pollution risk map. A comparison of DRASTIC model was done with GOD and AVI vulnerability models. Model validation was done with $NO_3$, $SO_4$ and Cl concentrations. These maps help to assess the zones of potential risk of contamination to the groundwater resources.