• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.169-174
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• 1992

This experiment was carried out to investigate the possibility of practical use of intermittent soaking system(ISS) in hydroponicaly growing tomato. There were four treatments which were NFT, Aeroponics, and ISS with 10 and 15 minute soaking intervals. 1. Plant height is highest in NFT, but main root length is longest in ISS. While stem diameter and leaf number were not significantly difference. 2. Fresh and dry weight were heavier in NFT than those of other systems at early growth stage, but the heavier in ISS system, the growth more develop. 3. In 43 days after treatment, the number of flowerlet was largest in aeroponics, and then ISS and NFT in order. Fruit weight per plant was also heaviest in aeroponics. 4. Average yield per plant were 1929.1g in aeroponics, 1475.2g in ISS with 10 minute soaking interval, 1276.2g in NFT and 1084.8g in ISS with 15 minute soaking interval. 5. Average fruit number per plant were 11.0 in aeroponics, 9.7 in NFT, 8.3 in ISS with 15 minute soaking interval, and 7.7 in ISS with 10 minute soaking interval. Average fruit weight were 192.9g in aeroponics, 172.4g in ISS with 10 minute soaking interval, 134.0g in NFT and 126.0g in ISS with 15 minute soaking interval. 6. Average fruit length was longer in aeroponics and ISS with 10 minute soaking interval than in the NFT and ISS with 15 minute soaking interval. Average fruit width was similarly wider in NFT, aeroponics and ISS with 10 minute soaking interval than in ISS with 15 minute soaking interval.

• Journal of agriculture & life science
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.109-117
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• 2011

The antioxidant activities of 60% ethanol extracts from different parts (leaf, stem, and root) of Artemisia argyi using an in vitro system were examined to find a possibility as natural antioxidant substances. The highest total phenolics (23.08 mg/g) was obtained by 60% ethanol extract of leaf. The scavenging activity of 60% ethanol extract from different parts of A. argyi on the DPPH and ABTS radical was raised with increasing amount of extracts, and 60% ethanol extract from leaf showed the highest radical scavenging activities. The leaf extract presented the highest reducing power and strong inhibitory effect on autooxidation of linoleic acid. In MDA formation using mouse brain homogenates, the 60% ethanol extracts of A. argyi also exhibited antioxidant activity as inhibition of MDA (71.38% at $200{\mu}g/mL$). Therefore, these results suggest that the 60% ethanol extract of A. argyi leaf possess excellent antioxidant activities and thus it has great potential as a source for natural antioxidant.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.15 no.4 s.29
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• pp.199-204
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• 1976

Canna nosaic X bodies, which do not exist in tissues of the healthy plant and are originating in cells of virus infected Canna (Canna generalis BAILEY) with mosaic symptom, are easily observed under microscope through application of vital staining for 2-3 minutes with $1\%$ eosin of $H_2O$ solution added with slight amount of $CH_3COOH$ and distinguishing with N/5HCl followed by washing to inspect. The result of this experiment is summarized as following: 1) The X bodies are observed not only in epiermal cells of leaf of the mosaic virus infected Canna but in those of leaf sheath, stem, and root also, and it is expected that the X bodies are to exist in the flower cells of the disease infected Canna which were missed in this experiment. 2) Shape and nature of X bodies are not constant; in early stage of the disease development, the X bodies have equal contents and vague contour with their small size and round shape, but along with progress of the disease development they attain granular contents and clear contour with their increasing sige and defining shape in cytoplasm. In case of same individual pant, fully developed X. bodies. are increasing in cytoplasm in propoition to severity of mosaic and nettling of the diseased leaf. 3) The staining character of X bodies to eosin is more dense than that of nuclei; Xbodies are stained light red or red while nuclei are stained yellowish brown or light red. 1) It is assumed to be a result of cytoplasmic concentration around nucleus that X bodies are usunlly developed adjacent to nucleus and they are considered to be a cytoplasmic prodct. 5) Thus, I confirm that X bodies originsting in canna plant cells infected with mosaic virus aye multipling in the alive cells.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.245-252
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• 2008

The growth characteristics and the Germanium (Ge) uptake of rice plant (Hopyungbyeo) in soil with Ge were investigated under different soil textures to obtain the basic information for agricultural utilization of Ge. This study was carried out in the Wagner pot ($15,000^{-1}a$). Ge concentration in soils such as clay loam, silt loam, loam and sandy loam for rice plant cultivation was treated at $8mg\;kg^{-1}$. The growth status of rice plant was almost similar in all soil texture, and rice yield was higher in the order of silt loam > clay loam > loam > sandy loam. In rice bran, the Ge uptakes in silt loam, clay loam, loam and sandy loam were 980, 868, 754 and $803{\mu}g\;pot^{-1}$, respectively. The Ge uptakes of brown rice and polish rice were greater in the order of silt loam > sandy loam > clay loam > loam. In silt loam, the Ge uptake rates in leaf, stem, root, rice bran and brown rice were 19.7, 2.3, 0.03, 3.1 and 0.44%, respectively. Therefore, under the given experimental condition the optimum soil texture for production of functional rice with Ge is a silt loam.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.167-176
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• 1999

Shoot morphological characteristics were affected by plant population densities in alfalfa. Shoots per plant, yield per shoot, yield per plant, and stem diameter increased with decreasing alfalfa population density. Winter survival was maximized at a plant population of $45plants\;m^{-2}$ or less. The grams of TNC per root increased as the stand density decreased. The lowest LT 50 occurred at the lowest stand density ($16plants\;m^{-2}$ having 25 cm plant spacing) and the highest LT 50 was attained at the highest stand density($494plants\;m^{-2}$ having 4.5 cm plant spacing). There were no differences in shoot morphology, winter survival, and cold hardiness in between 'Algonquin'and 'Vernal'. From this study, high stand density of alfalfa ($278plants\;m^{-2}$ or more) appears to be of little advantage compared to low stand density in terms of winter survival and cold hardiness.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.30-42
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• 1986

In order to find out the best media, explants and environmental conditions for induction of calluses and organogeneses of Pinellia ternata (Thunb.) Breit in vitro, various parts of adult have been cultured on Murashige & Skoog's medium containing various levels of 2,4-dichlorophenoxy acetic acid(2,4-D) and kinetin. The results obtained were as follows: Calluses were induced from the surface of apical meristem and leaf tissue. Formation and growth of calluses in petiole ex plants were best on the MS medium complemented with 2,4-D 2.0 mg/l and kinetin 0.2mg/l. But callus formation in stem ex plants of the nearest tuber was not induced at all kinds of media. Plantlets occured at all treatment except absence of growth regulator. Their numbers, size, leaf and fresh weight were promoted by 2,4-D 2.0mg/l and kinetin 0.2mg/l. Root growth was increased on the medium containing higher 2,4-D concentrations. Size and fresh weight of callus were increased at 25$^{\circ}C$ compared with 10, 20 and 30$^{\circ}C$, respectively. Optimal pH value was at 6.0 for growth of callus. Morphological aberrations were observed in plantlets, especially in regenerated leaves. The separation of the broad leaved plantlets and albino were observed in some cultures. Growth of plantlets after transplantation was best in pots with the sterilized vermiculte. But abnormal variants withered up.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.357-368
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• 1987

The productivity of cropping systems with corn and soybean were tested in field layouts such as monocultures of each, I-row alternation(l：1), 1-row corn with 2-rows soybean(l：2), and 1-row corn with 3 rows soybean(l : 3). Increasing soybean rows in alternative row croppings modified corn plant short and thick stalk. Decreasing soybean rows induced lodging of soybean plants because of lengthy stem. Although LAI in alternative row croppings increased by 2-8% over monocultures, light transmition into canopy was improved in alternative rows with rearrangement of leaf area and top dry wt.. Top/root ratio of corn plants in alternative rows was decreased as increasing soybean rows. The amount of total nitrogen uptake was increased by 4-22% in alternative row croppings over monocultures. Grain yield of corn plants was increased and that of soybean was decreased as rows of soybean increased in alternative row croppings. Land equivalent ratios were ranged from 0.96 to 1.01, but grain yields, amount of total nitrogen, and dry matter yields were increased by 17-20, 10-25, and 17-20%, respectively, in alternative rows. The 1 : 1 alternative row of corn and soybean was concluded the best cropping system for production of grain and dry matter.

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.178-186
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• 2012

This study was investigated for the purpose of the isolation and identification of antagonistic bacteria with antifungal activity against plant pathogens. This bacteria denominated Bacillus subtilis KYS-10 and the optimum growth condition were 4% sucrose, 1% yeast extract, 0.2% $K_2HPO_4$, pH 7, 150 rpm, $30^{\circ}C$, 8 day. The antifungal activities against nine plant pathogens determined inhibition zone size by diffusion methods. The results, G. zeae (scab) 70 mm and P. grisea KACC 40439 (blast), P. capsici KACC 40177 (phytophthora blight) and C. destructans KACC 41077 (root rot of ginseng) 40~43 mm, and C. gloeosporioides KACC 43520 (ripe rot), C. gloesporioides KACC 40003 (anthracnose), S. shiraiana KACC 41065 (stem rot) and S. shiraiana (mulberry sclerotial disease) 35~39 mm and F. Oxysporum KACC 44452 (bulb rot of ginseng) 28 mm. From these experiment results, author suggest that Bacillus subtilis KYS-10 would be developed as a biological control agent thorough the field experimet in the near future.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.86-91
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• 2003

To develop a new ginseng variety with good quality and high yielding, a lot of individual ginseng plant were selected in the farmers'fields in 1968. Among them, a promising line,680-83-4, has been developed through comparative cultivation of several lines selected with pure line separation from local races in KT&C Central Research Institute, preliminary and advanced yield trials were performed fir 8 years.680-83-4 was designated as KG103, which was then registered as a new variety “Gopoong” with the regional yield and adaptation trials for 10 years (1981-1990) on December 27,2000 in Korea. Gopoong has different phenotype of a dark violet stem and dark red fruit and inverted triangle shape of berries cluster as compared with other varieties. Taproot of Gopoong was longer than local race Jakyungjong, and root yield was 4.5% higher than local race Jakyungjong. In red ginseng quality, the rates of Chun-Jeesam grade(Chun and Jee means 1 st and 2nd grade, respectively) were 16.6% and 9.4% for Gopoong and Jakyungjong, respectively. In these results, it was that Gopoong was superior ginseng line with good quality far manufacture of red ginseng.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.22 no.12
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• pp.1704-1711
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• 2012

Three mold strains, Aspergillus oryzae (A. oryzae), Aspergillus kawachii (A. kawachii), and Monascus purpureus (M. purpureus), were tested for fermentation of Acanthopanax senticosus (A. senticosus) leaf, root, stem, and fruit powders. The fermented A. senticosus materials were then tested for bioactive materials (phenolic compounds, flavonoids, mineral and fatty acid) and biological activities (DPPH free radical scavenging activity, reducing power, and tyrosinase inhibition activity). The highest concentrations of phenolic compounds and flavonoids were NFASL at 4.11% and MPASL at 2.30%, respectively. Major minerals were Ca, K, Mg and Mn. Major fatty acids in fermented A. senticosus powders were palmitic, linolenic, and stearic acids. DPPH radical scavenging activity was slightly stronger in non-fermented than in fermented A. senticosus. Tyrosinase inhibition activity was stronger in fermented A. senticosus than in NFAG. The Fe/Cu reducing powers were stronger in non-fermented A. senticosus than in any of the fermented A. senticosus materials. Overall, the study provides basic data for understanding the biological activities and chemical characteristics of A. senticosus fermented by molds for the development of functional foods.