• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• 제47권6호
• /
• pp.741-756
• /
• 2013

Distributed-Steel Bar Reinforced Concrete (DSBRC) columns, a new and innovative construction technique for composite steel and concrete material which can alleviate the difficulty in the arrangement of the stirrup in the column, were studied experimentally and analytically in this paper. In addition, an ordinary steel Reinforced Concrete (SRC) column was also tested for comparison purpose. The specimens were subjected to quasi-static load reversals to model the earthquake effect. The experimental results including the hysteresis curve, resistance recession, skeleton curves and ductility ratio of columns were obtained, which showed well resistant-seismic behavior for DSBRC column. Meanwhile a numerical three-dimensional nonlinear finite-element (FE) analysis on its mechanical behavior was also carried out. The numerically analyzed results were then compared to the experimental results for validation. The parametric studies and investigation about the effects of several critical factors on the seismic behavior of the DSBRC column were also conducted, which include axial compression ratios, steel ratio, concrete strength and yield strength of steel bar.

• Steel and Composite Structures
• /
• 제42권3호
• /
• pp.325-351
• /
• 2022

This paper studies the lateral impact behavior of ultra-high performance fiber-reinforced concrete (UHPFRC) filled double-skin steel tubular (UHPFRCFDST) columns. The impact force, midspan deflection, and strain histories were recorded. Based on the test results, the influences of drop height, axial load, concrete type, and steel tube wall thickness on the impact resistance of UHPFRCFDST members were analyzed. LS-DYNA software was used to establish a finite element (FE) model of UHPFRC filled steel tubular members. The failure modes and histories of impact force and midspan deflection of specimens were obtained. The simulation results were compared to the test results, which demonstrated the accuracy of the finite element analysis (FEA) model. Finally, the effects of the steel tube thickness, impact energy, type of concrete and impact indenter shape, and void ratio on the lateral impact performances of the UHPFRCFDST columns were analyzed.

• Steel and Composite Structures
• /
• 제36권2호
• /
• pp.229-247
• /
• 2020

This study analyzed stresses in concrete and its reinforcement, computing the additional loading transferred by concrete creep. The loading varied from zero, structure exclusively under its self-weight, up to the critical buckling load. The studied structure was a real, tapered, reinforced concrete pole. As concrete is a composite material, homogenizing techniques were used in the calculations. Due to the static indetermination for determining the normal forces acting on concrete and reinforcement, equations that considered the balance of forces and compatibility of displacement on cross-sections were employed. In the mathematical solution used to define the critical buckling load, all the elements of the structural dynamics present in the system were considered, including the column self-weight. The structural imperfections were linearized using the geometric stiffness, the proprieties of the concrete were considered according to the guidelines of the American Concrete Institute (ACI 209R), and the ground was modeled as a set of distributed springs along the foundation length. Critical buckling loads were computed at different time intervals after the structure was loaded. Finite element method results were also obtained for comparison. For an interval of 5000 days, the modulus of elasticity and critical buckling load reduced by 36% and 27%, respectively, compared to an interval of zero days. During this time interval, stress on the reinforcement steel reached within 5% of the steel yield strength. The computed strains in that interval stayed below the normative limit.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
• /
• 제14권5호통권60호
• /
• pp.675-682
• /
• 2002

본 연구에서는 단부 철근콘크리트구조와 중앙부 철골구조로 이루어진 복합구조 보를 대상으로 내력 및 강성, 변형능력을 평가하기 위해 반복재하 실험을 행하였다. 주된 실험변수는 철근콘크리트와 철골보의 이종구조 이음부부의 응력전달을 위해 철골보에 접합되는 철근의 개수와 단부 콘크리트를 구속하여 강성을 상승시킬 목적으로 설치되는 부착판의 설치유무이다. 실험결과 모든 실험체가 방추형의 이력 거동을 나타내며 안정된 거동을 하였으며, 내력에 있어서는 부착판 설치 실험체의 경우가 기본형 실험체 보다 높게 나타났다. 또한, 강성에 있어서도 단부에 부착판을 설치한 실험체가 설치하지 않은 실험체에 비하여 보다 높게 나타났으며, 모든 실험체가 최대 내력시의 부재각이 0.03rad. 이상의 변형능력을 나타내고 있다.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국지반공학회 2009년도 춘계 학술발표회
• /
• pp.388-395
• /
• 2009

Steel casing used to keep a borehole wall in the construction of drilled shaft increases the vertical and lateral stiffness and strength of pile, but it is usually pulled out or ignored due to the absence of standard or the problem of erosion of steel casing. In order to make use of steel casing as a permanent structure, this study carried out an experimental work for the steel-concrete composite pile. Four types of piles were used to estimate the lateral behavior of piles, which are reinforced concrete pile, steel pile and steel-concrete composite pile with and without reinforcing bar. The subgrade-reaction spring system was developed to simulate the lateral stiffness of soil in laboratory. Also, the composite loading system which can apply the axial and lateral load simultaneously was employed.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
• /
• 제24권5호
• /
• pp.111-118
• /
• 2020

본 연구에 사용된 U-형 복합보는 슬래브는 철근콘크리트구조로 되어 있고, 슬래브를 지지해 주는 보는 철골구조와 철근콘크리트구조, 그리고 U-형 강판으로 이루어져 있다. U-형 복합보는 시공성이 우수하고 낮은 층고와 장경간이 가능하기 때문에 공작물 주차장으로 사용하기 위한 목적으로 개발되었다. 시공성 향상을 위해 U-형 복합보 단부는 규격화된 H형강으로 계획하여 기둥에 직접 접합시키고, 강재 물량을 감소시키기 위해 U-형 복합보의 중간 부분에는 H형강 대신 얇은 강판(t=6)을 사용하여 U자형 형태로 접은 U-형 강판으로 구성되어 있다. U형 강판이 위치하는 복합보 중앙부에는 보의 춤을 작게 계획함으로서 공작물 주차장의 제한 높이에 만족하도록 계획할 수 있다. 낮은 보의 춤은 층고 단축에는 유리하지만 휨성능에는 저해 요인이 되기 때문에 춤 변화에 따른 구조성능을 파악하는 것이 중요하다. 또한, U-형 복합보는 철골구조와 철근콘크리트구조 및 U-형 강판이 혼합되어 있기 때문에 일체성 확보가 구조성능을 확보하는데 큰 영향을 준다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 U-형 복합보의 춤을 변화에 따른 구조성능을 파악하기 위한 구조실험을 실시하였다. 실험체는 일반주차장용으로 계획된 실험체를 기준실험체로 하여 춤을 변화시킨 2개의 실험체를 포함하여 총 3개를 계획하였다. 실험결과 춤을 크게 계획한 실험체가 기준실험체보다 항복강도, 최대강도, 에너지 등 구조성능이 우수하게 나타났다.

• Steel and Composite Structures
• /
• 제27권4호
• /
• pp.417-426
• /
• 2018

This paper presents the seismic behaviors and restoring force model of ring beam joints of steel tube-reinforced concrete column structure under cyclic loading. First, the main failure mode, ultimate bearing capacity, stiffness degradation and energy dissipation capacity are studied. Then, the effects of concrete grade, steel grade, reinforcement ratio and radius-to-width ratios are discussed. Finally, the restoring force model is proposed. Results show that the ring beam joints of steel tube-reinforced concrete column structure performs good seismic performances. With concrete grade increasing, the ultimate bearing capacity and energy dissipation capacity increase, while the stiffness degradation rates increases slightly. When the radius-width ratio is 2, with reinforcement ratio increasing, the ultimate bearing capacity decreases. However, when the radius-to-width ratios are 3, with reinforcement ratio increasing, the ultimate bearing capacity increases. With radius-to-width ratios increasing, the ultimate bearing capacity decreases slightly and the stiffness degradation rate increases, but the energy dissipation capacity increases slightly.

• Steel and Composite Structures
• /
• 제19권1호
• /
• pp.209-221
• /
• 2015

Results from an experimental study on the seismic response of six composite reinforced concrete column-to-steel beam interior joints are presented. The primary variable investigated is the details in the joint. For the basic specimen, the main subassemblies of the beam and column are both continuous, and the steel beam flanges extended to the joint are partly cut off. Transverse beam, steel band plates, cove plates, X shape reinforcement bars and end plates are used in the other five specimens, respectively. After the joint steel panel yielded, two failure modes were observed during the test: local failure in Specimens 1, 2 and 4, shear failure in Specimens 3, 5 and 6. Specimens 6, 3, 5 and 4 have a better strength and deformation capacity than the other two specimens for the effectiveness of their subassemblies. For Specimens 2 and 4, though the performance of strength degradation and stiffness degradation are not as good as the other four specimens, they all have excellent energy dissipation capacity comparing to the RC joint, or the Steel Reinforced Concrete (SRC) joint. Based on the test result, some suggestions are presented for the design of composite RCS joint.

• Steel and Composite Structures
• /
• 제50권6호
• /
• pp.643-658
• /
• 2024

The main aim of this study is to quantify the code seismic design coefficients of the RCS system, which consisted of reinforced concrete columns and steel beams, based on the FEMA P-695 methodology. The underlying intention is to evaluate the seismic performance of the RCS system at the system level rather than the connection level. A set of 24 archetype buildings with a various number of stories, beam span lengths, gravity load levels, and seismic load levels are selected and designed based on the prevailing code requirements. Nonlinear analytical models are developed and validated by experimental tests. The pushover and response history dynamic analyses are conducted to evaluate the required data in the performance quantification process. The results show that the design coefficients suggested by the code are acceptable. However, the level of conservatism is very high. Thus, it is possible to use a larger R-factor in the design process or make some relaxations in the design requirements related to this structural system.

• Steel and Composite Structures
• /
• 제28권1호
• /
• pp.73-82
• /
• 2018

This paper experimentally and analytically elucidates the shear behavior and shear bearing capacity of partially prefabricated steel reinforced concrete (PPSRC) columns and hollow partially prefabricated steel reinforced concrete (HPSRC) columns. Seven specimens including five PPSRC column specimens and two HPSRC column specimens were tested under static monotonic loading. In the test, the influences of shear span aspect ratio and difference of cast-in-place concrete strength on the shear behavior of PPSRC and HPSRC columns were investigated. Based on the test results, the failure pattern, the load-displacement behavior and the shear capacity were focused and analyzed. The test results demonstrated that all the column specimens failed in shear failure mode with high bearing capacity and good deformability. Smaller shear span aspect ratio and higher strength of inner concrete resulted in higher shear bearing capacity, with more ductile and better deformability. Furthermore, calculation formula for predicting the ultimate shear capacity of the PPSRC and HPSRC columns were proposed on the basis of the experimental results.