• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.211-227
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• 2020

To explore the feasibility of eliminating the longitudinal rebars and stirrups by using ultra-high-performance fiber reinforcement concrete (UHPFRC) in concrete encased steel composite stub column, compressive behavior of UHPFRC encased steel stub column has been experimentally investigated. Effect of concrete types (normal strength concrete, high strength concrete and UHPFRC), fiber fractions, and transverse reinforcement ratio on failure mode, ductility behavior and axial compressive resistance of composite columns have been quantified through axial compression tests. The experimental results show that concrete encased composite columns with NSC and HSC exhibit concrete crushing and spalling failure, respectively, while composite columns using UHPFRC exhibit concrete spitting and no concrete spalling is observed after failure. The incorporation of steel fiber as micro reinforcement significantly improves the concrete toughness, restrains the crack propagation and thus avoids the concrete spalling. No evidence of local buckling of rebars or yielding of stirrups has been detected in composite columns using UHPFRC. Steel fibers improve the bond strength between the concrete and, rebars and core shaped steel which contribute to the improvement of confining pressure on concrete. Three prediction models in Eurocode 4, AISC 360 and JGJ 138 and a proposed toughness index (T.I.) are employed to evaluate the compressive resistance and post peak ductility of the composite columns. It is found that all these three models predict close the compressive resistance of UHPFRC encased composite columns with/without the transverse reinforcement. UHPFRC encased composite columns can achieve a comparable level of ductility with the reinforced concrete (RC) columns using normal strength concrete. In terms of compressive resistance behavior, the feasibility of UHPFRC encased steel composite stub columns with lesser longitudinal reinforcement and stirrups has been verified in this study.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제5권6호
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• pp.509-524
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• 2008

Containment structures not only are leak-tight barriers, but also may be subjected to impacts caused by tornado-generated projectiles, aircraft crashes or the fragments of missile warhead. This paper presents the results of an experimental study of the impact resistance of steel fiber-reinforced concrete against 45 g projectiles at velocity around 2500 m/s. An explosively formed projectile (EFP) was designed to generate an equivalent missile fragment. The formation and velocity of EFP are measured by flash x-ray. A switch made of double-layered thin copper sheets controlled the exposure time of each flash x-ray. The influence of the fiber volume fraction on the crater diameter of concrete slab and the residual velocity of the projectile were studied. The residual velocity of the projectile decreased as the fiber volume fractions increased. In this work, the residual velocity of the projectile was to 44% that of plain concrete when the fiber volume fraction exceeded 1.5%. Based on the present finding, steel fiber reinforced concrete with the fiber volume fraction exceeding 1.5% appear to be more efficient in protection against high velocity fragment impact.

• International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.297-306
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• 2016

This paper developed an analytical software, called Simulation of Concrete Structures (SCS), which is used for numerical analysis of shear-critical prestressed steel fiber concrete structures. Based on the previous research at the University of Houston (UH), SCS has been derived from an object-oriented software framework called Open System for Earthquake Engineering Simulation (OpenSees). OpenSees was originally developed at the University of California, Berkeley. New module has been created for steel fiber concrete under prestress based on the constitutive relationships of this material developed at UH. This new material module has been integrated with the existing material modules in OpenSees. SCS thus developed has been used for predicting the behavior of the prestressed steel fiber concrete I-beams and Box-beams tested earlier in this research. The analysis could well predict the entire behavior of the beams including the elastic stiffness, yield point, post-yield stiffness, and maximum load for both web shear and flexure shear failure modes.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2008년도 추계 학술발표회 제20권2호
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• pp.685-688
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• 2008

콘크리트는 압축에 강한 특성을 지닌 재료이지만, 인장 및 휨강도가 낮고 균열에 대한 저항성이 약한취성재료라는 단점을 가지고 있어 이에 대한 보완책으로서 철근이 사용되어 왔다. 하지만, 포러스콘크리트는 내부에 존재하는 다량의 연속공극으로 인하여 철근보강시 철근이 공기에 노출되어 부식되는 문제점을 보이고 있다. 따라서, 본 연구에서는 강섬유를 혼입과 목표공극률에 따른 공극률, 압축강도,휨강도 및 휨인성 특성을 검토하였다. 실험결과, 강섬유의 혼입에 따른 실측공극률은 증가하는 것으로 나타났으며, 강도특성에서는 강섬유의 혼입률이 증가 함에 따라 증가하는 것으로 나타났으나 일정량 이상의 섬유가 혼입되었을 경우에는 강도가 오히려 감소되는 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 휨인성평가에서는 강섬유를 혼입하지 않은 포러스콘 크리트에 비하여 처짐변형 성능이 현저히 개선되는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 강섬유를 포러스콘크리트에 활용한 2차제품 및 포장재료 등에 적용하기 위한 강도 및 휨저항성능 향상재료로 사용가능성을 확인하였다.

• 한국건축시공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국건축시공학회 2017년도 추계 학술논문 발표대회
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• pp.15-16
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• 2017

In this study, the flexural behavior of fiber-reinforced concrete by fiber type were evaluated. As a result, the flexural strength of the hooked steel fiber-reinforced concrete(HSFRC) was lower than that of the amorphous metallic fiber reinforced concrete(AFRC), however it was shown strain-softening behavior by the pull-out of fiber. The flexural strength and the equivalent flexural strength of polyamide fiber-reinforced concrete(PAFRC) were lower than other specimens, but the equivalent flexural strength ratio was similar to that of AFRC. The flexural behavior of the fiber-reinforced concrete was associated with the bonding and pull-out properties of the fiber and matrix depending on the fiber type.

• International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.391-401
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• 2017

In this study, the effects of water-to-binder (W/B) ratio and replacement ratio of blast furnace slag (BFS) on the compressive strength of concrete were first investigated to determine an optimized mixture. Then, using the optimized high-strength concrete (HSC) mixture, hooked steel fibers with various aspect ratios and volume fractions were used as additives and the resulting mechanical properties under compression and flexure were evaluated. Test results indicated that replacement ratios of BFS from 50 to 60% were optimal in maximizing the compressive strength of steam-cured HSCs with various W/B ratios. The use of hooked steel fibers with the aspect ratio of 80 led to better mechanical performance under both compression and flexure than those with the aspect ratio of 65. By increasing the fiber aspect ratio from 65 to 80, the hooked steel fiber volume content could be reduced by 0.25% without any significant deterioration of energy absorption capacity. Lastly, complete material models of steel-fiber-reinforced HSCs were proposed for structural design from Lee's model and the RILEM TC 162-TDF recommendations.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.106-113
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• 2013

콘크리트의 투수성능을 평가하는 여러 가지 비파괴시험방법 중의 하나는 표면전기저항을 측정하는 것이다. 그러나 콘크리트내에 강섬유로 인한 판단의 오류가 발생할 수 있기 때문에 강섬유 보강콘크리트에 본 표면전기저항측정방법을 적용하기에는 한계가 있다. 본 연구에서는 강섬유보강 콘크리트의 강섬유 분산도가 표면전기저항에 미치는 영향을 실험적으로 고찰하였다. 3개의 정방형 및 원형 실험체의 4개면에서의 저항치를 3번 반복하여 측정하였으며, 서로 비교하였다. 측정결과에 의하면, 원형실험체를 이용한 실험결과가 정방형 실험체의 결과에 비하여 강섬유의 영향을 일관되게 나타내고 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 또한, 강섬유의 분산도는 강섬유 혼입량에 비하여 측정결과에 미치는 영향이 미미한 것으로 나타났다. 결론적으로, 표면전기저항측정을 이용한 비파괴 평가법은 0.5%까지의 강섬유를 포함한 SFRC의 투수성 평가에 적용될 수 있는 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.83-90
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• 2003

This study examines the material characteristics of fibers and their influences on reinforced concrete through the tests of reinforced concrete by the types of fibers including non-reinforced, steel, polypropylene and cellulose fibers and the test of compressive strength and reinforced concrete beam without shear reinforcement and consequently it obtains the following conclusions. As a result of conducting compressive strength by the types of specimens, fiber reinforced specimen with the highest compressive strength value at 28 days of age was cellulose fiber reinforced specimen as 280.4kgf/$\textrm{cm}^2$ and steel fiber specimen had the highest compressive strength of 250.7kgf/$\textrm{cm}^2$ at 180 days of age. In case of non-reinforced specimen, its compressive strength was 277.4kgf/$\textrm{cm}^2$ at 28 days of age and 273.1kgf/$\textrm{cm}^2$ at 180 days of age. Comparing the compressive strength of non-reinforced specimen to that fiber reinforced specimen showed that the compressive strength of fiber reinforced specimen was lower in the passage of age and the results of this experiment showed no effects of fiber reinforcement. As a result of testing reinforced concrete beam without shear reinforcement, ductility factors of specimens were 4.67 for non-reinforced specimen, 8.18 for steel fiber reinforced specimen, 6.20 for polypropylene fiber reinforced specimen and 5.49 for cellulose reinforced specimen, and it is found that steel fiber reinforced specimen was highest. When non-reinforced specimen and steel fiber reinforced specimen were compared, steel fiber reinforced specimen had higher ductility factor of about 75.2% than that of non-reinforced specimen.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.449-461
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• 2014

The use of low-ductility welded wire fabric (WWF) as a main tensile reinforcement in concrete slabs compromises the ductility of concrete structures. Lower ductility in concrete structures can lead to brittle and catastrophic failure of the structures. This paper presents the experimental study carried out on eight simply supported one-way slabs to study the structural behavior of concrete slabs reinforced with low-ductility WWF and steel fibers. The different types of steel fibers used were crimped fiber, hooked-end fiber and twincone fiber. The experimental results show that the ductility behavior of the slab specimens with low-ductility reinforcement was significantly improved with the inclusion of $40kg/m^3$ of twincone fiber. Distribution of cracks was prominent in the slabs with twincone fiber, which also indicates the better distribution of internal forces in these slabs. However, the slab reinforced only with low-ductility reinforcement failed catastrophically with a single minor crack and without appreciable deflection.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2000년도 가을 학술발표회논문집(I)
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• pp.665-670
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• 2000

In this study mechanical properties of various fiber reinforced permeability concrete mixtures are investigated. Several mixes with fiber kinds(steel fiber, polyprophylen fiber, carbon fiber) and different fiber content(steel fiber : 0.3~0.9vol.%, polyprophylen fiber : 0.1~0.5vol.%, carbon fiber : 0.2~0.7vol.%) were studied. Test results are presented in terms of compressive strength, tensile-flexural strength and load-deflection behavior. The effect of fiber reinforcement does not increase the compressive strength of permeability concrete without fiber. Also, the tensile-flexural strength using various fibers are appeared good strength increase as conventional fiber reinforced concrete. Therefore, use of fiber for permeability concrete is necessary to improve of tensile-flexural properties and deformation performance(toughness).