• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.307-318
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• 2021

Utilizing fibers is an effective way to avoid the brittle behavior of the conventional concrete and can enhance its ductility. In particular, propylene fibers can improve concrete properties, including energy absorption, physical and mechanical properties, controlling shrinkage cracks. The increase of fiber density leads to an increase of the overlapping surface of the fiber of concrete and, in turn, a decrease of cracks developed in the concrete. However, the workability of fiber reinforced concrete tends to be lower than the conventional concrete owing mainly to the hairline thickness and excessive concentration of fibers. The low slump of concrete impedes the construction of reinforced concrete members. In this research, we study if the utilization of magnetic water can alleviate the workability issue of young fiber reinforced concrete. To this end, the compressive and flexural strength of four types of concrete (conventional concrete, fiber reinforced concrete, magnetic concrete, magnetic fiber-reinforced concrete) is studied and compared at three different ages of 7, 14, and 28 days. In order to study the influence of the fiber density and length, a study on specimens with three different fiber density (1, 2, 5 kg of fiber in each cubic meter of concrete) and fiber length (6, 12, 18 mm) is undertaken. The result shows the magnetic fiber concrete can result in an increase of the flexural and compressive strength of concrete at higher ages.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.63-71
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• 2019

Thermal energy from high temperatures can cause concrete damage, including mechanical and chemical degradation. In view of this, the residual mechanical properties of high-strength fiber reinforced concrete with a design strength of 75 MPa exposed to $400-800^{\circ}C$ were investigated in this study. The test results show that the average residual compressive strength of high-strength fiber reinforced concrete after being exposed to $400-800^{\circ}C$ was 88%, 69%, and 23% of roomtemperature strength, respectively. In addition, the benefit of steel fibers on the residual compressive strength of concrete was limited, but polypropylene fibers can help to maintain the residual compressive strength and flexural strength of concrete after exposure to $400-600^{\circ}C$. Further, the load-deflection curve of specimen containing steel fibers exposed to $400-800^{\circ}C$ had a better fracture toughness.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.213-220
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• 2001

콘크리트에 폐유리의 사용은 알칼리 실리카 반응(ASR)의 팽창으로 균열과 강도저하를 일으킬 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 폐유리의 혼입률과 색상(갈색, 녹색) 및 폐유리로 인해 발생되는 ASR팽창을 저감시키기 위해 섬유의 종류(강섬유, 폴리프로필렌섬유)와 섬유혼입률에 따른 ASR팽창과 강도특성을 분석하였다. 연구결과 녹색의 폐유리가 팽창량이 비교적 작기 때문에 갈색의 폐유리보다 더욱 유용하며, ASTNM C 1260의 시험에 있어서 폐유리의 혼입으로 인한 퍼시멈(pessimum)량은 발견되지 않았다. 또한, 폐유리와 함께 섬유의 혼입은 폐유리의 실리카와 시멘트 페이스트의 알칼리 사이의 ASR로 인한 팽창과 강도 저하를 저감시키는데 효과적인 것으로 나타났다. 특히 폐유리 혼입률 20%에 대해서 강섬유를 1.5vol.% 혼입하였을 경우 팽창은 40%까지 감소하였으며 휨강도는 폐유리만을 혼입한 것(8$0^{\circ}C$ $H_2O$ 양생)에 비해 110%의 강도발현을 나타내었다.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.19-35
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• 2019

In this paper, the effect of the type and amount of fibers on the physicomechanical properties of concrete containing fine recycled refractory brick (RRB) and natural aggregate subjected to elevated temperatures was investigated. For this purpose, forta-ferro (FF), polypropylene (PP), and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) fibers with the volume fractions of 0, 0.25, and 0.5%, as well as steel fibers with the volume fractions of 0, 0.75, and 1.5% were used in the concrete containing RRB fine aggregate replacing natural sand by 0 and 100%. In total, 162 concrete specimens from 18 different mix designs were prepared and tested in the temperature groups of 23, 400, and $800^{\circ}C$. After experiencing heat, the concrete properties including the compressive strength, ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV), weight loss, and surface appearance were evaluated and compared with the corresponding results of the reference (unheated) specimens. The results show that using RRB fine aggregate replacing natural fine aggregate by 100% led to an increase in the concrete compressive strength in almost all the mixes, and only in the PVA-containing mixes a decrease in strength was observed. Furthermore, UPV values at $800^{\circ}C$ for all the concrete mixes containing RRB fine aggregate were above those of the natural aggregate concrete specimens. Finally, regarding the compressive strength and UPV results, steel fibers demonstrated a better performance relative to other fiber types.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국콘크리트학회 2001년도 봄 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.49-54
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• 2001

Using waste glass in concrete can cause crack and strength loss by the expansion of alkali-silica reaction(ASR). In this study, ASR expansion and properties of strength were analyzed in terms of brown waste glass content, and fibers(steel fiber, polypropylene fiber) and fiber content for reduction ASR expansion due to waste glass. In this accelerated ASTM C 1260 test of waste glass, pessimum content can not be found. Also, when used the fibers with waste g1ass, there is an effect on reduction of expansion and strength loss due to ASR between the alkali in the cement paste and the silica in the waste glass. Specially, adding 1.5 vol.% of steel fiber to 20% of waste glass the expansion ratio was reduced by 40% and flexural strength was developed by up to 110% comparing with only Waste glass ( $80^{\circ}C$ $H_{2}$ O curing).

• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제10권6호
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• pp.67-75
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• 2010

본 연구는 고강도 콘크리트의 화재시 내화성능 확보를 위하여 주로 사용되는 강섬유(Steel Fiber), 폴리프로필렌(Polypropylene Fiber; 이하PP)와 PP섬유와 강섬유를 하이브리드 섬유를 혼입한 설계기준강도 40MPa의 고강도 콘크리트의 내화성능 및 폭렬 방지 방법을 검토하고, 섬유 혼입 고강도 콘크리트 보의 휨 및 전단보강근이 없는 보의 구조적 특성 연구를 통하여 섬유 혼입 고강도 콘크리트 보의 휨과 전단 저항거동을 파악하였다. 실험결과, 하이브리드 섬유를 보강하면 균열 및 폭렬 발생, 중성화 억제 효과 등을 나타내었다. 부재실험에서는 초기균열제어, 연성과 최대내력 증대의 효과를 나타내었다.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제31권5호
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• pp.433-442
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• 2023

This study presents the visually observed behavior of fibers embedded in concrete samples that were subjected to a flexural bending test. Three types of fibers such as macro polypropylene, macro polyethylene, and the hybrid of steel and polyvinyl alcohol were mixed with cement by a designated mix ratio to prepare a total of nine specimens of each. The bending test was conducted by following ASTM C1609 with a net deflection of 2, 4, and 7 mm. The X-ray computed tomography (XCT) was carried out for 7 mm-deflection specimens. The original XCT images were post-processed to denoise the beam-hardening effect. Then, fiber, crack, and void were semi-manually segmented. The hybrid specimen showed the highest toughness compared to the other two types. Debonding based on 2D XCT sliced images was commonly observed for all three groups. The cement matrix near the crack surface often involved partially localized breakage in conjunction with debonding. The pullout was predominant for steel fibers that were partially slipped toward the crack. Crack bridging and rupture were not found presumably due to the image resolution and the level of energy dissipation for poly-fibers, while the XCT imaging was advantageous in evaluating the distribution and behavior of various fibers upon bending for fiber-reinforced concrete beam elements.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.443-449
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• 2017

Taking high geothermal tunnels as background, the deformation of concrete for shotcrete use was studied by simulating hot-humid and hot-dry environments in a laboratory. The research is made up by two parts, one is the influence of two kinds of high geothermal environments on the deformation of shotcrete, and the other is the shrinkage inhibited effect of fiber materials (steel fibers, polypropylene fibers, and the mixture of both) on the concrete in hot-dry environments. The research results show that: (1) in hot and humid environments, wet expansion and thermal expansion happened on concrete, but the deformation is smooth throughout the whole curing age. (2) In hot and dry environments, the concrete suffers from shrinkage. The deformation obeys linear relationship with the natural logarithm of curing age in the first 28 days, and it becomes stable after the $28^{th}$ day. (3) The shrinkage of concrete in a hot and dry environment can be inhibited by adding fiber materials especially steel fibers, and it also obeys linear relationship with the natural logarithm of curing age before it becomes stable. However, compared with no-fiber condition, it takes 14 days, half of 28 days, to make the shrinkage become stable, and the shrinkage ratio of concrete at 180-day age decreases by 63.2% as well. (4) According to submicroscopic and microscopic analysis, there is great bond strength at the interface between steel fiber and concrete. The fiber meshes are formed in concrete by disorderly distributed fibers, which not only can effectively restrain the shrinkage, but also prevent the micro and macro cracks from extending.

• 폴리머
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.250-256
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• 2014

본 연구에서는 이축 스크류식 압출기를 이용하여 폴리프로필렌(PP)에 도전성 필러인 다중벽 탄소나노튜브 (MWNT)와 스테인레스강 단섬유(SSF)를 첨가하여 복합체를 제조하였으며, 이에 대한 표면저항 및 기계적 특성을 조사하였다. 표면저항을 측정한 결과 PP/MWNT에 소량의 SSF를 첨가하였을 때 더 낮은 MWNT 함량에서 percolation threshold가 나타났다. 그리고 제조된 복합체에 대한 인장시험 결과 순수 PP와 비교해서 파괴점 신장률은 감소하였으나 탄성률과 강도는 증가하였다. 또한 동역학분석을 통하여 MWNT와 SSF 복합체의 저장탄성률과 tan ${\delta}$에 미치는 영향을 조사하였으며, SEM을 이용하여 필러들의 모폴로지 및 복합체의 파단면을 관찰하였다.

• 한국재난정보학회 논문집
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• 제8권3호
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• pp.223-233
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• 2012

콘크리트의 보강재료로 사용되고 있는 강섬유는 강성이 크고 중량이 무거워 안전관리의 어려움이 있으며, 강섬유의 부식으로 인한 내구성 저하 및 높은 리바운드 손실량이 등이 개선사항으로 요구되고 있다. 이와같이 2009년 개정된 규정에 의해 강섬유 외의 재료보강이 가능해짐에 따라 콘크리트 보강재료로서 강섬유 이외의 다양한 섬유의 적용성 검토가 필요한 실정이다. 강섬유는 기타섬유에 비해 강성이 크고, 섬유의 형상에 따라 부착성능을 개선하였만, 유기섬유의 경우 강섬유에 비해 일반적으로 탄성계수 및 인장강도가 낮고 섬유의 뭉침현상이 발생하여 콘크리트 보강재료로 사용하기 위해서는 적절한 섬유 개질이 필요한 실정이다. 이러한 관점에서, 본 연구에서는 미세섬유를 다발형 단일 개체로서 공기 압출성형을 통해 부착 비표면적을 크게 하여 역학적 성능을 고려하고, 섬유의 표면을 계면 활성제로 개질하여 분산성을 향상시킨 폴리아미드섬유와 강섬유, PP섬유를 혼입한 콘크리트를 비교하여 현장 활용을 위한 기초 자료를 제시하고자 한다.