• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.301-305
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• 1992

원심식 박막증발기를 이용해 마늘 착즙을 농축한 경우 가열 매체 및 증발온도가 농축비, 총괄열전달계수, 증발속도 등에 대해 미치는 영향에 대하여 조사하였다. 마늘착즙의 급액속도와 증발온도가 일정할 때 가열증기의 온도가 높을수록 농축비, 증발속도, 및 총괄열전달계수는 증가하였으나, 가열증기의 온도가 $110^{\circ}C$ 이상이 되면 이들 값의 증가가 현저하게 둔화되었다. 증기온도 $100^{\circ}C$ 이하에서는 증발온도가 증가함에 따라 농축비, 증발속도, 총괄열전달계수는 감소하였다. 그러나 그 이상의 온도에서 어느 일정 증발온도까지는 이들 값이 증가하다가 다시 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. 급액속도가 일정할 때 증기의 온도와 증발온도와의 차이가 $70^{\circ}C$가 될 때까지는 농축비, 증발속도 및 총괄열전달계수는 모두 증가하였다. 그러나 온도 차이가 $70^{\circ}C$ 이상이 되면 이들 값의 증가가 둔화되거나 감소하였다.

• Corrosion Science and Technology
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.69-76
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• 2021

In this work, we have performed a corrosion failure analysis of a leaking tube connected to an upper header of a condensate pre-heater in a heat recovery steam generator. It was revealed that the leakage position in the tube was the location where the materials were easily vulnerable due to tensile residual stresses induced by the material manufacturing process and welding process. In addition to an imbalance in the module induced by temperature difference during operation of the pre-heater, the weight of the modules and thermal fatigue provoked a type of stress of tensile-tensile fatigue on the tube. Thus, the leakage position of the pre-heater was exposed to the tensile stress on the inner surface of the tube facing the gas, which rendered the unstable oxide layer susceptible to corrosion and the formation of pits on the water side. The cracks propagated along with the degraded microstructure in a transgranular cracking mode under fatigue loading and finally resulted in water leakage.

• 한국유체기계학회 논문집
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.57-63
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• 2012

Effects of coolant pre-cooling and fuel pre-heating on the performance of a combined cycle using a F-class gas turbine were investigated. Coolant pre-cooling results in an increase of power output but a decrease in efficiency. Performance variation due to the fuel pre-heating depends on the location of the heat source for the pre-heating in the bottoming cycle (heat recovery steam generator). It was demonstrated that a careful selection of the heat source location would enhance efficiency with a minimal power penalty. The effect of combining the coolant pre-cooling and fuel pre-heating was also investigated. It was found that a favorable combination would yield power augmentation, while efficiency remains close to the reference value.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.662-670
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• 2019

Tanker cargo tanks are equipped with the means of raising and maintaining the cargo discharge temperature to a suitable level. In this paper, a new heating coil design is proposed and analyzed. Contrary to conventional designs, wherein the heating coils are evenly distributed over the tank bottom, the proposed design arranges the heating coils in the central part of the tank bottom, in a vertical direction. Due to the intensive cargo circulation generated, a forced convection is superimposed on a buoyancy-driven natural convection, providing a more efficient mixed convection heat transfer mechanism. Numerical simulations performed by using a finite volume method show that in the case of 7-bar steam Bunker C heavy fuel oil heating, a five-hour circulation phase average heat transfer coefficient equals 199.2 W/m²K. This result might be taken as an impetus for the more thorough experimental examination.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• 제23권E2호
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• pp.74-81
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• 2007

Feasibility test for a biofilter was performed to treat VOCs. The applied loading rate to the biofilter was calculated between 60 to $3,700\;kg\;COD/m^3$. Trimethyl-pentene and trimethyl-hexene were the two most dominant compounds and they occupy about 85 percent. During the acclimation period, it is desirable for a biofilter to receive relatively lower VOCs concentration and flow rate, until it can adjust to new substrate and operational environment. Temperature at various points inside the biofilter reactor was observed with more than 23 temperature sensors. With steam heating, temperatures of the top sections of the media were greater than those of bottom sections. Without steam heating, intermediate stages generally had higher temperature measurement than those of bottom and top stages. Because the pH values for different biofilter materials vary significantly, measurement of the pH for the mixture of different combinations of biofilter materials is necessary. Based on the types and brands of media, the measured pH ranged from 5.38 to 9.10. The range of measured pH of different mixtures with perlite, compost, saw dust, peat moss, limestone, vermiculite was 7.05 to 8.62.

• 전자공학회논문지 IE
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• 제48권2호
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• pp.47-51
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• 2011

본 논문은 LCD등에 사용되는 유리기판 가공 과정에서 표면에 발생하는 이물질을 제거하기 위한 세정 시스템을 제안한다. 이 세정 공정 시스템은 알카리 전해수의 화학적 세정과 과열 수증기 시스템의 물리적 세정방법을 사용한 세정, 린스, 건조 공정으로 구성된다. 또한 세정 시스템에서 사용되는 알카리 전해수의 화학적 세정효과를 실험을 통해, 알카리 전해수의 세정 효과와 과열 수증기 시스템의 제거효과를 보인다.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.239-247
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• 2001

Measured radiative heat fluxes on the furnace exit plane of a heavy duty power boiler of steam output 1650 T/h are discussed. A high-ash pulverized bituminous coal was used. Such measurements are necessary to improve heat fluxes inside a steam boiler furnace was manufactured. An extra small heat radiation sensor was placed in the water cooled head of the probe. The sensor had no direct contact with furnace gases and measured only the radiant energy. There was no exposure to convective heat transfer. With the radiometric probe, one can obtain a spherical indicatrix of radiation intensity as well as hemispherical radiative heat flux incident on any surface passing through a measuring point inside the furnace. Thus, the quantity of radiation energy, passing through the furnace exit plane, to the convective heating surfaces and the quantity of radiation energy going in the opposite direction were measured. A formula for relative radiative heat flux on the furnace exit plane has been proposed.

• 한국윤활학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국윤활학회 1999년도 제30회 추계학술대회
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• pp.179-183
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• 1999

Rubbing occurs when a rotating element comes in contact with a stationary element. In the steam turbines, the rotating element is the rotor while the stationary elements are usually the oil deflectors and packing seals. Rubbing phenomenon may be often obseued on a new or rebuilt machine rather than on a machine that has been operating for several months or years. Rubbing in the turbine has been classified into two modes by the operating conditions: 1) start up or shut down, 2) steady state. At start up or shut down operation, rubbing produces synchronous whirl vibration, which are caused by thermal bow of the shaft due to localized heating on the shaft surface. While subsynchronous whirl vibration is caused by partial rubbing during the steady state operation. In this paper, the two case studies of troubleshooting for excessive vibration caused by rubbing in the actual steam turbines are investigated.

• 한국유체기계학회 논문집
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.26-33
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• 2016

Combined heat and power (CHP) system is one of the power generation system which can generate both electricity and heat. Generally, mid-size and big-size CHP plant in Korea generate electricity from gas turbine and steam turbine, then supply heat from exhaust gas. Actually, CHP can supply heat using district heater which is located at low pressure turbine exit or inlet. When the district heater locates after low pressure turbine, which called back pressure type turbine, there need neither condenser nor mode change operating control logic. When the district heater locates in front of low pressure turbine or uses low pressure turbine extraction steam flow, which calls condensing type turbine, which kind of turbine requires condenser. In this case, mode change operation methods are used for generating maximum electricity or maximum heat according to demanding the seasonal electricity and heat.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.277-287
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• 1988

In this paper, the influence of heating medium on the thermal diffusivities of fish meat paste products was studied. Model products were heated in boiling water, saturated steam and soybean oil. The differences in temperature raise of the products were interpreted with Biot number of the products. Because of the large overall heat transfer coefficient of heating medium, the temperature raise of the products in boiling water and saturated steam was fast and the Biot number of the products could be recognized as infinite. But the temperature raise of the products in soybean oil was slow and the Biot number of the products was less than 50.