• Cross-Cultural Studies
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• v.19
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• pp.39-77
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• 2010

The cinema of Peter Greenaway has consistently engaged questions of the relationship between the arts and particularly the relations of image and writing to cinema. When different types of images are correlated and merged with each other on the borders of painting, photography, film, video and computer animation, the interrelationships of the distinct elements cause a shift in the notion of the whole image. This analysis proposes to articulate the complex relationship between the 'interartial' dimension and the 'intermedial' dimension in Peter Greenaway's film, (1991). If the interartiality is interested in the interaction between various arts, including the transition from one to another, the intermediality articulates the same type of relationship between two or more media. The interactional relationship is the same on both sides; on the contrary, the relationship between art and media does not show the same symmetry. All art is based on one or more media - the media is a condition existence of art - but no art can't be reduced to the status of media. This suggests that if the interartiality always involves the intermediality, this proposal may not be reversed. First, we analyse a self-conscious investigation into digital art and technology. Prosospero's Books can be read as a daring visual essay that self-consciously investigates the technical and philosophical functions of letters, books, images, animated paintings, digital arts, and the other magical illusions, which have been modern or will be post-modern media to represent the world. Greenaway uses both conventional film techniques and the resources of high-definition television to layer image upon image, superimposing a second or third frame within his frame. Greenaway uses the frame-within-frame as the cinematic equivalent of Shakespeare's paly-within-play : it offer him the possibility to analyse the work of art/artist/spectator relationship. Secondly, we analyse the relationship between the written word, oral word and the books. Like the written word, the oral word changes into a visual image: The linguistic richness and nuances of Shakeaspeare's characters turn into the powerful and authoritative, but monotone, voices of Gielgud-Prospero, who speaks the Shakespearean lines aloud, shaping the characters so powerfully through his worlds that they are conjured before us. Specially each book is placed over the frame of the play's action, only partially covering the image, so that it gives virtually every frame at least two space-time orientations. Thirdly, we try to show how Peter Greenaway uses pictorial references in order to illustrate the context of the Renaissance as well as pictorial techniques and language in order to question the nature of artistic representation. For exemple, The storm is visualised through reference to Botticelli's : the storm of papers swirling around the library is constructed to look like a facsimili copy of Michelangelo's Laurentiana Library in Florence. Greenaway's modern mannerism consists in imposing his own aesthetic vision and his questioning of art beyond the play's meta-theatricality: in other words, Shakespeare''s text has been adapted without being betrayed.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.160-177
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• 2019

In this study, we examined the distribution of dealers and the repair parts management system of a Japanese car manufacturer in the Chinese market in looking at the case of Toyota. We conducted our research by obtaining information from a GAC Toyota dealer about the current distribution of dealers and locations of warehouses throughout China, as well as the status of stocks and the distribution system for repair and maintenance parts. The results of our investigation showed that although GAC Toyota has 437 dealers throughout the country, there is an imbalance in distribution towards the coastal areas, after the population ratios and other measurements are factored in. Therefore, it can be said expansion towards the inland regions, where demand for automobiles has increased in recent years, has been stunted. On the other hand, there is a high correlation between gross GDP by region and the number of stores, and it can be pointed out that the company prioritizes the sale of high-priced vehicles in major coastal areas where the economy is large, rather than selling low-priced vehicles for inland consumers with a relatively small economic scale. The company also has difficulty in securing dealers that can provide sufficient after-sales service. According to the regulations of GAC Toyota, the company require dealers to have at least 1,500 repair and maintenance parts in stock. Also, when exchanging maintenance parts, GAC Toyota's emphasis is on increasing customer satisfaction by giving sufficient explanations for customers and obtaining consent from them. As a result, the company's dealers need financial resources to continue their business from a long-term perspective. However, it can be pointed out that such dealers are limited, and it is difficult to distribute profits among manufacturers and dealers.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.51 no.3
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• pp.351-359
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• 2019

Neurocognitive testing commonly uses the MMSE (Mini-Mental State Examination) to evaluate the overall cognitive function of patients at outpatient clinics, but the MMSE has recently been extensively used in the SNSB II (Seoul Neuropsychological Screening Battery II) for making diagnoses. We retrospectively investigated the results of routine neurocognitive tests and the results of the blood tests of 120 elderly patients who had been referred to a South Central Medical Center from 2017 to 2018 and who had been examined at a public health center. These subjects' space-time capability was high on the sub-region of the global deterioration scale (GDS). GDS showed a significant increase as the Na decreased on the electrolyte analysis. The subjects' concentration, their language-based orientation for space and time, their memory, and their scores for the frontal lobe function on GDS showed statistically significant reductions (P<0.001) For the normal and abnormal groups according to the ALT and creatinine levels, the frontal/execute function areas showed statistically significant differences (P<0.001) as well as negative correlation between GDS and ALT (P<0.01). In conclusion, this study provides basic information to develop test items that are important for patient screening and diagnosis, and several routine blood chemistry factors provide basic information for diagnosing and assessing the status and progress of cognitively impaired patients.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.538-547
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• 2019

This study analyzes the conceptual understanding of in-service and pre-service earth science teachers about the H-R diagrams and evolution of stars using conceptual status analysis categories. The results show that (a) many teachers use unscientific language in the Intelligibility range, (b) teachers are categorized in Low scientific inquiry ability related to graph creation and unscientific analogy for scientific concept which is hightly corelated to the possibility of misunderstanding in the teaching process, and (c) pre-service teachers lack the understanding of the secondary science curriculum. It is necessary to develop pre-service curriculum that can be applied to the school site. In the category of Plausibility range, (d) both groups understood the cosmological meaning of stellar evolution. However, pre-service teachers do not specifically explain the mechanism of a star. In the category of Fruitfulness range, in-service teachers come up with educational problems reflecting the academic characteristics of earth science and apply their knowledge to actual problem solving. On the other hand, pre-service teachers show high nonresponse ratio, they do not see the H-R diagram and the evolution of stars as a practical concept. In the analysis process, both groups are found to have many unscientific conceptions about the H-R diagram and evolution of stars. Therefore, it is suggested that caution be used in developing a professional development program of earth science teachers.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.27-35
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• 2021

This study investigated the status of the wh-island constraint in Seoul Korean. The syntactic movement of a wh-phrase out of an embedded sentence so as to have wide scope at LF is known to be invalid as it violates the wh-island constraint, but there have been studies in which such a movement was possible when the sentence is read with a wh-intonation. We conducted perceptual tests in which subjects were asked to select an answer after listening to each of the four types of interrogative sentences. Three of them were with 'Nugu-leul', which is an accusative form of the wh-phrase 'who' as well as an indefinite form. The fourth sentence contained the name of a person. 'Nugu-leul' and the noun were positioned in the same embedded sentence to see whether the subjects accepted a matrix scope interpretation of the wh-phrases. Response time was transformed to normalized log response time and checked to find any differences in the time taken to select the answers depending on different types of interrogative sentences. The results showed the subjects had a definite preference for the matrix scope interpretation for the sentences with a wh-intonation. The response time required to select the matrix scope interpretation was longer than for any other type of interrogative sentence. We concluded that the wh-island constraint in Seoul Korean is weak.

• The Journal of Korean society of community based occupational therapy
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.15-26
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• 2020

Objective : Due to the rapid aging of the country, the elderly population is increasing and the ratio of face-to-face meetings with the elderly in major areas of occupational therapy is high. The purpose of this study was to investigate the overall perception of the elderly and the status of communication with the elderly. Methods : This survey was conducted From April to June 2020. Occupational therapists who provide interventions for the elderly in hospitals and public health centers across the country were collected using online questionnaires. A total of 91 questionnaires were collected through a self-administered questionnaire, of which 82 were used for data analysis, excluding 9 with insufficient responses. Results : Occupational therapists generally had a lot of negative perceptions of the elderly. In addition, as factors that hindered communication with the elderly, they responded in order of hearing-related, language understanding related, and articulation related. Lastly, occupational therapists were found to induce smooth communication with the elderly in the order of conversation response management, emotional expression, understanding enhancement, and relationship control. Conclusions : Occupational therapists are health care professionals who play a major role in improving the subjects' social participation and quality of life. Therefore, it is necessary to provide professional therapeutic interventions and related education using improved communication skills along with an understanding of the elderly's communication skills and their level of communication.

• Journal of Christian Education in Korea
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• v.65
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• pp.81-102
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• 2021

In church tradition, cultural misappropriation has often legitimized unjust hierarchy rather than to challenge it. Under the rubric of culturalism, Christian Education has served to justify the oppressive system and maintain status quo as well. A feminist theologian, Rebecca Chopp argues that the contemporary Western culture has intensified narcissistic individualism and self-referentiality and has supported the powerful, while forced the marginalized to be silent. Chopp insists that the role, nature, and mission of Christianity is to provide Word and words of emancipatory transformation. She advocates poststructural feminist theology and aims at renewal of the socio-symbolic order in society by criticizing assumptions underneath language, culture and politics. In this study, we will review the interview with an Asian-American couple and disclose the underlying assumptions and hegemony which have contributed to maintain the male domineering system. I suggest that Christian education for emancipatory transformation should encourage the oppressed women to reflect critically the existing order and to restore their own voice through constructive intervention facilitating "plurivociy" and "problem-posing" dialogue. Proclaimation of transformative Word can empower the marginalized people to revision the world alternatives to monotheistic patriarchal modernism.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.15 no.7
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• pp.159-168
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to analyze the effects for lifestyle, stress and life satisfaction on sleep quality in university students. The participants were 46 university students attending the department of occupational therapy. Participants responded to responses to the lifestyle questionnaire and Morning and Evening Questionnaire-Korean version(MEQ-K). The levels of stress and life satisfaction reported by participants were obtained using the Korean version of Perceive Stress Test-4(K-PSS-4) and Korean version of Satisfaction With Life Scale(K-SWLS). The quality of sleep was assessed using Korean Modified Leeds Evaluation Questionnaire(KMLSEQ). An independent t-test, Pearson correlation analysis, and multiple regression analysis were performed to investigate factors related to quality of sleep. The analysis of correlations between health status, morning type of chronotype, and life satisfaction showed a significant positive correlation between quality of sleep. As a result of analyzing the quality of sleep according to the chronotype, the main family house and dormitory group showed higher sleep quality than the boarding group. As a result of the multiple regression analysis, the chronotype predicts quality of sleep. This study could provide information to improve the quality of sleep for university students by identify factors affecting sleep for university students in occupational therapy.

• Women's Studies Review
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.93-116
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• 2014

This thesis discussed the status of women workers as wage laborers and home laborers and the valid of a documentary movie for representing women laborers through a documentary movie, Weabak that revolved around Home-ever occupation strike leaded E-Land labor union at 30th June, 2007. Jobs for women labors got covered by the flow of flexibility with the policy of labor flexibility in South Korea during 1990s. The reasons that justify this trend are their position in the households, and their roles in working places are not very important because there are not required difficult skills. The mass dismissal which caused the E-Land strike also shared these ideologies. In Weabak, since women laborers were always expected to care for their family, they were need strikes in their home as well as their working place. However, a household is a basement for them to get the identity as a women laborer. It has two ambivalent meanings, as a protected area and disorder for them to pursue their life at the same time. Identity of Women laborers, domestic laborers as well as wage laborers, are very difficult to identify as a general noun, a laborer. Weabak is an important example to show us the possibility of a documentary as searching new realism for representing women laborers' story using their own perspective.

• Journal of the Korean Society for information Management
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.157-182
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• 2023

This study analyzed the structure and utilization of subject headings in the National Library of Korea Subject Headings List (NLSH) based on an analysis of subject headings assigned to 1,218,867 national bibliographies from 2003 to 2022. The findings of the study are as follows: Firstly, among all subject headings in the NLSH, there were 257,103 preferred terms, accounting for 50.2% of the total terms. Foreign language terms constituted 33% (169,466), while non-preferred terms comprised 12% (61,442). Among the preferred terms, 57,312 subject headings were used, accounting for 22.3%. However, it was observed that 54.7% (31,351) of these subject headings were assigned less than 5 times, indicating that only a small number of subject headings were frequently utilized. Secondly, the frequency of relationship indicators appeared in the order of RT, BT, and NT. The NLSH consisted of 12,602 top-level subject headings and 143,704 lowest-level subject headings, with a maximum depth of 17 levels. Thirdly, on average, 1.72 subject headings were assigned per bibliographic record. The number of subject headings assigned and the depth of the hierarchy increased for materials with more specific contents. Recent bibliographic records have been assigned more subject headings and deeper into the hierarchy of the NLSH. It was also found that the number of subject headings assigned per bibliography varied depending on the main class of KDC. Based on the findings, it is recommended to evaluate the coverage of terms in the NLSH, reorganize hierarchical relationships and depth of subject headings, and enhance the development of subdivisions within the NLSH.