The long-term linear trend of global sea-to-air dimethyl sulfide (DMS) flux was analyzed over a 16-year time span (2000~2015), based on satellite observation data. The emission rates of DMS (i.e. DMS flux) in the global ocean were estimated from sea surface DMS concentrations, which were constructed with chlorophyll a (Chl-a) concentrations and mixed layer depths (MLD), and transfer velocity from sea to air, which was parameterized with sea surface wind (SSW) and sea surface temperature (SST). In general, the DMS flux in the global ocean exhibited a gradual decreasing pattern from 2000 (a total of 12.1 Tg/yr) to 2015 (10.7 Tg/yr). For the latitude band ($10^{\circ}$ interval between $0^{\circ}$ and $60^{\circ}$), the DMS flux at the low latitude of the Northern (NH) and Southern hemisphere (SH) was significantly higher than that at the middle latitude. The seasonal mean DMS flux was highest in winter followed by in summer in both hemispheres. From the long-term analysis with the Mann-Kendall (MK) statistical test, a clear downward trend of DMS flux was predicted to be broad over the global ocean during the study period (NH: $-0.001{\sim}-0.036{\mu}mol/m^2/day\;per\;year$, SH: $-0.011{\sim}-0.051{\mu}mol/m^2/day\;per\;year$). These trend values were statistically significant (p < 0.05) for most of the latitude bands. The magnitude of the downward trend of DMS flux at the low latitude in the NH was somewhat higher than that at the middle latitude during most seasons, and vice versa for the SH. The spatio-temporal characteristics of DMS flux and its long-term trend were likely to be primarily affected not only by the SSW (high positive correlation of r = 0.687) but also in part by the SST (r = 0.685).
The purpose of this study was to identify differences in records for each section of the wheelchair marathon and to provide information necessary for training and basic data for developing training methods. The subjects of this study were analyzed for the records of a total of 5 foreign male athletes and 4 domestic top athletes who completed the 42.195km full course among the participants at the 2016 Seoul International Wheelchair Marathon. Every 5km section records and finish records were used, and the first section to the ninth section were set. As for the data processing method, descriptive statistics (Mean, SD) were used using the statistical program SPSS 25.0. The following conclusions were drawn according to the above research methods and procedures. In the case of the winning W1 athletes, the record at 30km to 35km was the fastest 8 minutes and 43 seconds in the entire section, and the difference was 1 minute and 4 seconds compared to the K1 athletes of the nation's No. 1 athletes. In order to be ranked higher in international competitions, training to adapt to a quick pace at a later stage is required. That is, it was found that the second half face should be faster based on the half distance. In addition, in each section of the first half, it is necessary to develop a race pace suitable for the average speed level for each individual section. Therefore, it is considered that the fitness training program that can maintain the early race and the training program that can cope with changes in pace after the second half should be applied.
Background: The purpose of this study was to analyze the increase in Grade of Nursing Management Fee of medical institutions and establish a reasonable government policy by examining which factors affect the increase of nurse staffing. Methods: Analyzing data collected from the Health Insurance Review & Assessment Service resource management department with targets of 1,104 medical institutions. The study period was 5 years from June 30, 2008 to June 30, 2013. SAS ver. 9.2 (SAS Institute Inc., Cary, NC, USA) was used for statistical analysis. The data was analyzed by a chi-square test and also conducted muiltivariate logistic regression analyses for variables of basic characteristics, human resource characteristics, and material resources. Results: Adjusted odds ratio (AOR) of the rise in Grade of Nursing Management Fee among other hospitals compared to hospitals owned by government or universities was 0.264. The AOR in hospitals established after November 2006 compared to those before June 1995 was 2.383. The AOR in Gangwon, Chungcheng South, and Jeolla South Provinces compared to Seoul was 0.084, 0.036, and 0.194, respectively. The AOR in hospitals with more than 6.75 specialists per 100 beds compared to those with less than 6.75 specialists per 100 beds was 7.514. The AOR in hospitals with more than 17.48 nurse per 100 beds compared to those with less than 17.48 nurse per 100 beds was 3.300. The AOR in hospitals with 50% to 75% bed utilization, 75% to 90% bed utilization and more than 90% bed utilization compared to those with less than 50% bed utilization was 5.428, 9.884, and 10.699, respectively. The AOR in hospitals with one magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and more than two MRI compared to those with no MRI was 2.018 and 2.942, respectively. Conclusion: This result has showed policies to induce the rise in Grade of Nursing Management Fee among old hospitals and the incentive system for local medical institutions are needed. Also we need to develop a governmental policy for medium-small hospitals with low operation rate of beds and insufficient medical personnel and number of equipment in hospitals.
Journal of the Korean Society for Library and Information Science
/
v.34
no.2
/
pp.21-45
/
2000
The purpose of this study is to develop a new curriculum for the department of library and information science of junior college. For this purpose, First, a literature study was done along with interviews with assistant librarians, second, a questionnaries survey was conducted among professors, library administrators and assistant librarians, and the survey data were analyzed by SAS packages. Results obtained by this study are as follows; 1) Work scope of assistant librarians will be consisted of conventional library works and automated library works. And it is anticipated that the library will be transformed into an electronic library in the futrue. 2) Curriculum of department library and information science of junior college is gradually changing focused on conventional subjects toward automation and computer oriented subjects. 3) Curriculum of department of library and information science of junior college should be focused on the workshop oriented education and electronic library related subjects such as electronic library workshop, information system, data fare theory information system information network workshop.
Journal of Korea Society of Industrial Information Systems
/
v.21
no.6
/
pp.53-69
/
2016
The purpose of this study is to analyze the factors of Elderly Social Activity (Employment) Programs participatory intention of middle and old aged and to figure out the undertone of research results. To achieve this aims, we conducted a literature survey on Elderly Social Activity Programs and local informatization, and then designed a questionnaire including the demographic information and the five variables, i.e., satisfaction on local informatization, satisfaction on health condition, satisfaction on economic condition, satisfaction on human relationship, and participatory intention of Elderly Social Activity (Employment) Programs. The data were collected through online and offline survey targeted those aged over 50 and participated in information literacy program in Korea. A total of 333 valid data were analyzed using SPSS and AMOS statistical packages. The results can be summarized as follows: satisfaction on local informatization and satisfaction on health condition have a statistically significant effect on Elderly Social Activity (Employment) Programs participatory intention. In the comparative analysis of two groups between economic active group and economic inactive group, only health has a statistically significant effect on their participatory intention in economic active group, not only health but also local informatization has a statistically significant effect on the their participatory intention in economic inactive group. Therefore, local informatization is an essential prerequisite and local informatization should be improved for the middle aged and elderlies who have willingness to participate in Elderly Social Activity (Employment) Programs.
The objectives of this study are to conceptualize theoretically and to examine empirically the interrelationships among channel member's satisfaction, dependence, and performance being immanent between dealing partners, by integrating behavioral and economic approach to explain comprehensively the interrelationship between dealing partners in conventional marketing channel which have not studied in previous studies. To attain above objectives, latent variables and observed variables which had been immanent between licenced dealers and wholesalers in fish marketing channel were found out by exploratory study, and pre-test was conducted to select the proper variables, and then the model which could explain the interrelationships among the variables was set up. Three categories of varables were considered in this study. Namely, economic and noneconomic factors were identified as independent variable, the degree of satisfaction and dependence to dealing partner as intervening variable, and performance as dependent variable. The data for the study was obtained from a survey questionnaire of 214 licenced dealers who work in Pusan, Yusoo, and Kunsan and 190 wholesalers who work in whole country. Among them, 264 anayzable questionnaires(including 154 licenced dealers and 110 wholesalers)were collected. Statistical procedure to analyze the data was carried out by LISREL version 7. Major findings obtained from the results of the analysis are as follows. First, economic variables have a great influence on the degree of both licenced dealers' and wholesalers' satisfaction. Among economic variables, the degree of keeping wholesalers' payment date have greater influence on the degree of licenced dealers' satisfaction, and licenced dealers' faculty being able to send good fish in quality have greater influence on the degree of wholesaler's satisfaction than other variables. In short, licenced dealers make great account of wholesalers' payment, and wholesalers make great account of licenced dealers' faculty being able to send good fish in quality in dealing relationship. Second, noneconomic variables have more relevance to the degree of dependence in both sides than economic variables. This means that noneconomic variables as well as economic variables can be a factor to keep up the dealing relationship. Third, the degree of satisfaction and dependence have influence on performance in both sides. In the licenced dealers' side, the degree of dependence have greater influence on performance than the degree of satisfaction, on the other hand, in wholesalers' side, the degree of satisfaction have greater influence on performance than the degree of dependence. This means that wholesalers can easily substitute their dealing partner for another licenced dealer comparatively.
The purpose of this study was to examine the correlation between Juvenile alcohol use and their criminal patterns. The data were collected through questionnaire surveys. Subjects serving for this study were 971 delinquent adolescents in Korea, sampled from 6 juvenile corrective institutions and 2 classification judging institutions, using a census method. Their age range was between 12 and 21. Data were analysed by IBM PC using SAS program. Statistical methods employed were Chi-square and frequency analysis. 1. Of 877 respondents, the number of adolescents committed criminal behaviors while the intoxicated were 230(26.2%), and 647(73.8%) were in a non-intoxicated state. 2. Adolescent under intoxication showed a higher rate of aggressive crimes and assault crimes, whereas adolescents under the non-influence of liquor tended to commit property climes and violations of criminal special law Drunken state adolescents during committing criminal behaviors used knifes, stones or fist-kicking as criminal tools, whereas drug use or without weapons in non drunken state. Most crimes have happened without any tools in both group. 3. In comparison of the alcohol user and the non-user, most alcohol-related crimes among adolescents were committed at AM 0:00 to AM 4:00 during the weekend in the dark, cloudy, and stormy-rainy day, while non-alcohol related crimes were at afternoon of weekday in the clear day. The places that the criminal activities occurred were streets, amusement places such as disco-theque, fields and their own house among alcohol users, whereas victim's house, another person's house and restaurant were chosen among non-alcohol users. 4. The victims assaulted by Juvenile offenders in both drunken and non-drunken state were mostly passer-by(65.4%), followed by their friends(25.1%). And the conditions of victims showed a significant differences between the drunken adolescents and the non-drunken adolescents. The victim's conditions assaulted by intoxicated delinquent adolescents were in quarreling or drunken state, whereas non-alcohol related crimes were directed against victims in a sleeping or irresistible state. 5. Almost over the half of delinquent adolescents perceived their delinquency as wrong behaviors. and alcohol non-user tended to more significantly perceive their criminal acts as wrong conducts. About the half of respondents answered that they committed their criminal acts in spite of having a very good Judgement while doing crimes, the author did not found a significant difference between the two groups. The reasons given for crimes were manifested as follows: it can be seen that ‘to get money for amusements’(30.4 % of all motives) were most common, followed by ‘to commit accidentally the offences’(23.8%), ‘curiosity or heroism’(18.9%). alcohol related crimes tended to be accidental and impulsively without any clear planning, while non-alcohol related crimes tended to be purposeful, directed to make money motivated by curiosity or a desire to live heroically. In Conclusions. the correlation between alcohol use and Juvenile criminal behaviors has been examined in this study. Generally, alcohol use had been found to be highly correlated with aggressive assault crimes including robbery, burglary and rape etc.
Kim, Young-Ran;Ryu, Dong-Mok;Kwon, Yong-Dae;Yun, Yong-Pil
Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
/
v.35
no.6
/
pp.397-402
/
2009
The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of alendronate and pamidronate on proliferation and the alkaline phosphatase activity of human bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells and to relate the results with bisphosphonate related osteonecrosis of the jaw(BRONJ). With the consent of patients with no systemic disease and undergoing iliac bone graft, cancellous bone was collected to obtain human bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells through cell culture. 96 well plate were prepared with a concentration of $10^4$cell/ well. Alendronate and pamidronate were added to each well with the concentration of $10^{-6}M$, $10^{-8}M$ and $10^{-10}M$, respectively. Then proliferation capacity of each well was evaluated with the cell counting kit. 24 well plates were prepared with a concentration of $10^5$cell/ml/well and with the bone supplement, alendronate and pamidronate were added with the concentration of $10^{-6}M$, $10^{-8}M$ and $10^{-10}M$, respectively on each plate. The plates were cultured for either 24 or 72 hours. Then the cells were sonicated to measure the alkaline phosphatase activity and protein assay was done to standardize the data for analysis. As the concentration of alendronate or pamidronate added to the culture increased, the proliferation capacity of the cells decreased. However, no statistical significance was found between the group with $10^{-10}M$ of bisphophonate and the control group. Pamidronate was not capable of increasing the alkaline phosphatase activity in all trials. However, alkaline phosphatase activity increased with 24 hours of $10^{-8}M$ of alendronate treatment and with 48 hours of $10^{-10}M$ of alendronate treatment. Cell toxicity increased as the bisphosphonate concentration increased. This seems to be associated with the long half life of bisphosphonate, resulting in high concentration of bisphosphonate in the jaw and thus displaying delayed healing after surgical procedures. Alendronate has shown to increase the alkaline phophatase activity of human bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells. However, this data is insufficient to conclude that alendronate facilitates the differentiation of human bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells. Further studies on DNA level and animal studies are required to support these results.
Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the accuracy of surgical stent according to the supported type. Materials and methods: 5 sets of dental models which have tooth supported edentulous area and tooth-tissue supported edentulous area were made. Dental model were scanned with model scanner, and CBCT was taken. CT data and model scan data were overlapped using In2Guide software, implant were virtually planned in the software. Surgical stents are fabricated by 3D printing. The implant fixture were installed using the surgical stent, CBCT were retaken. CBCT before surgery and after surgery were overlapped, and the differences (angle difference, coronal difference, apical difference) were evaluated using statistical analysis. Results: In the assessment of the accuracy of surgical guides according to arch type, there are no statistically significant differences between maxilla and mandible. In the case of support type, tooth supported stents showed lower angle difference and length difference than tooth-tissue supported stents, which are statistically significant. Conclusion: Arch type does not affect the accuracy of surgical stents. But tooth support stents are more accurate than tooth-tissue support stents in the case of angle and length difference.
The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
/
v.8
no.4
/
pp.639-648
/
2013
Metabolic syndrome is the most important risk factors of cardiovascular diseases So, it is judged that Quality of life of persons with metabolic syndrome inevitably deteriorate. For the purpose, the study aims to analyse the number of risk factors, and the relationship between abnormality of each risk factor and Quality of life, targeting adult women aged more than 19. For this study, data from the National Health and Nutrition Behavior Survey in 2007 and 2008 were incorporated and 4,365 subjects were collected for the study. Version 17.0 SPSS was used for data analysis. Statistical significance was defined as p<0.05. As a result of the study, the prevalence rate of metabolic syndrome was 24.2%. According to the number of risk factors of metabolic syndrome the regression coefficient of Quality of life was -0.024 when the number of risk factor was one, -0.048 when there were two risk factors, -0.090 when there were three risk factors, -0.117 when there were four risk factors, and -0.168 when there were five risk factors. The regression coefficient(abnormal/normal)of risk factors of metabolic syndrome were as follows; Waist circumference -0.035, Blood pressure was -0.064, Fasting glucose was -0,026 and HDL cholesterol was -0.012. In conclusion, as it was discovered that risk factors of metabolic syndrome had significant relations with Quality of life, it is suggested that the relations between some significant variables and Quality of life should be actively considered so that adult women can perceive metabolic syndrome properly and endeavor to improve their Quality of life.
본 웹사이트에 게시된 이메일 주소가 전자우편 수집 프로그램이나
그 밖의 기술적 장치를 이용하여 무단으로 수집되는 것을 거부하며,
이를 위반시 정보통신망법에 의해 형사 처벌됨을 유념하시기 바랍니다.
[게시일 2004년 10월 1일]
이용약관
제 1 장 총칙
제 1 조 (목적)
이 이용약관은 KoreaScience 홈페이지(이하 “당 사이트”)에서 제공하는 인터넷 서비스(이하 '서비스')의 가입조건 및 이용에 관한 제반 사항과 기타 필요한 사항을 구체적으로 규정함을 목적으로 합니다.
제 2 조 (용어의 정의)
① "이용자"라 함은 당 사이트에 접속하여 이 약관에 따라 당 사이트가 제공하는 서비스를 받는 회원 및 비회원을
말합니다.
② "회원"이라 함은 서비스를 이용하기 위하여 당 사이트에 개인정보를 제공하여 아이디(ID)와 비밀번호를 부여
받은 자를 말합니다.
③ "회원 아이디(ID)"라 함은 회원의 식별 및 서비스 이용을 위하여 자신이 선정한 문자 및 숫자의 조합을
말합니다.
④ "비밀번호(패스워드)"라 함은 회원이 자신의 비밀보호를 위하여 선정한 문자 및 숫자의 조합을 말합니다.
제 3 조 (이용약관의 효력 및 변경)
① 이 약관은 당 사이트에 게시하거나 기타의 방법으로 회원에게 공지함으로써 효력이 발생합니다.
② 당 사이트는 이 약관을 개정할 경우에 적용일자 및 개정사유를 명시하여 현행 약관과 함께 당 사이트의
초기화면에 그 적용일자 7일 이전부터 적용일자 전일까지 공지합니다. 다만, 회원에게 불리하게 약관내용을
변경하는 경우에는 최소한 30일 이상의 사전 유예기간을 두고 공지합니다. 이 경우 당 사이트는 개정 전
내용과 개정 후 내용을 명확하게 비교하여 이용자가 알기 쉽도록 표시합니다.
제 4 조(약관 외 준칙)
① 이 약관은 당 사이트가 제공하는 서비스에 관한 이용안내와 함께 적용됩니다.
② 이 약관에 명시되지 아니한 사항은 관계법령의 규정이 적용됩니다.
제 2 장 이용계약의 체결
제 5 조 (이용계약의 성립 등)
① 이용계약은 이용고객이 당 사이트가 정한 약관에 「동의합니다」를 선택하고, 당 사이트가 정한
온라인신청양식을 작성하여 서비스 이용을 신청한 후, 당 사이트가 이를 승낙함으로써 성립합니다.
② 제1항의 승낙은 당 사이트가 제공하는 과학기술정보검색, 맞춤정보, 서지정보 등 다른 서비스의 이용승낙을
포함합니다.
제 6 조 (회원가입)
서비스를 이용하고자 하는 고객은 당 사이트에서 정한 회원가입양식에 개인정보를 기재하여 가입을 하여야 합니다.
제 7 조 (개인정보의 보호 및 사용)
당 사이트는 관계법령이 정하는 바에 따라 회원 등록정보를 포함한 회원의 개인정보를 보호하기 위해 노력합니다. 회원 개인정보의 보호 및 사용에 대해서는 관련법령 및 당 사이트의 개인정보 보호정책이 적용됩니다.
제 8 조 (이용 신청의 승낙과 제한)
① 당 사이트는 제6조의 규정에 의한 이용신청고객에 대하여 서비스 이용을 승낙합니다.
② 당 사이트는 아래사항에 해당하는 경우에 대해서 승낙하지 아니 합니다.
- 이용계약 신청서의 내용을 허위로 기재한 경우
- 기타 규정한 제반사항을 위반하며 신청하는 경우
제 9 조 (회원 ID 부여 및 변경 등)
① 당 사이트는 이용고객에 대하여 약관에 정하는 바에 따라 자신이 선정한 회원 ID를 부여합니다.
② 회원 ID는 원칙적으로 변경이 불가하며 부득이한 사유로 인하여 변경 하고자 하는 경우에는 해당 ID를
해지하고 재가입해야 합니다.
③ 기타 회원 개인정보 관리 및 변경 등에 관한 사항은 서비스별 안내에 정하는 바에 의합니다.
제 3 장 계약 당사자의 의무
제 10 조 (KISTI의 의무)
① 당 사이트는 이용고객이 희망한 서비스 제공 개시일에 특별한 사정이 없는 한 서비스를 이용할 수 있도록
하여야 합니다.
② 당 사이트는 개인정보 보호를 위해 보안시스템을 구축하며 개인정보 보호정책을 공시하고 준수합니다.
③ 당 사이트는 회원으로부터 제기되는 의견이나 불만이 정당하다고 객관적으로 인정될 경우에는 적절한 절차를
거쳐 즉시 처리하여야 합니다. 다만, 즉시 처리가 곤란한 경우는 회원에게 그 사유와 처리일정을 통보하여야
합니다.
제 11 조 (회원의 의무)
① 이용자는 회원가입 신청 또는 회원정보 변경 시 실명으로 모든 사항을 사실에 근거하여 작성하여야 하며,
허위 또는 타인의 정보를 등록할 경우 일체의 권리를 주장할 수 없습니다.
② 당 사이트가 관계법령 및 개인정보 보호정책에 의거하여 그 책임을 지는 경우를 제외하고 회원에게 부여된
ID의 비밀번호 관리소홀, 부정사용에 의하여 발생하는 모든 결과에 대한 책임은 회원에게 있습니다.
③ 회원은 당 사이트 및 제 3자의 지적 재산권을 침해해서는 안 됩니다.
제 4 장 서비스의 이용
제 12 조 (서비스 이용 시간)
① 서비스 이용은 당 사이트의 업무상 또는 기술상 특별한 지장이 없는 한 연중무휴, 1일 24시간 운영을
원칙으로 합니다. 단, 당 사이트는 시스템 정기점검, 증설 및 교체를 위해 당 사이트가 정한 날이나 시간에
서비스를 일시 중단할 수 있으며, 예정되어 있는 작업으로 인한 서비스 일시중단은 당 사이트 홈페이지를
통해 사전에 공지합니다.
② 당 사이트는 서비스를 특정범위로 분할하여 각 범위별로 이용가능시간을 별도로 지정할 수 있습니다. 다만
이 경우 그 내용을 공지합니다.
제 13 조 (홈페이지 저작권)
① NDSL에서 제공하는 모든 저작물의 저작권은 원저작자에게 있으며, KISTI는 복제/배포/전송권을 확보하고
있습니다.
② NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 상업적 및 기타 영리목적으로 복제/배포/전송할 경우 사전에 KISTI의 허락을
받아야 합니다.
③ NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 보도, 비평, 교육, 연구 등을 위하여 정당한 범위 안에서 공정한 관행에
합치되게 인용할 수 있습니다.
④ NDSL에서 제공하는 콘텐츠를 무단 복제, 전송, 배포 기타 저작권법에 위반되는 방법으로 이용할 경우
저작권법 제136조에 따라 5년 이하의 징역 또는 5천만 원 이하의 벌금에 처해질 수 있습니다.
제 14 조 (유료서비스)
① 당 사이트 및 협력기관이 정한 유료서비스(원문복사 등)는 별도로 정해진 바에 따르며, 변경사항은 시행 전에
당 사이트 홈페이지를 통하여 회원에게 공지합니다.
② 유료서비스를 이용하려는 회원은 정해진 요금체계에 따라 요금을 납부해야 합니다.
제 5 장 계약 해지 및 이용 제한
제 15 조 (계약 해지)
회원이 이용계약을 해지하고자 하는 때에는 [가입해지] 메뉴를 이용해 직접 해지해야 합니다.
제 16 조 (서비스 이용제한)
① 당 사이트는 회원이 서비스 이용내용에 있어서 본 약관 제 11조 내용을 위반하거나, 다음 각 호에 해당하는
경우 서비스 이용을 제한할 수 있습니다.
- 2년 이상 서비스를 이용한 적이 없는 경우
- 기타 정상적인 서비스 운영에 방해가 될 경우
② 상기 이용제한 규정에 따라 서비스를 이용하는 회원에게 서비스 이용에 대하여 별도 공지 없이 서비스 이용의
일시정지, 이용계약 해지 할 수 있습니다.
제 17 조 (전자우편주소 수집 금지)
회원은 전자우편주소 추출기 등을 이용하여 전자우편주소를 수집 또는 제3자에게 제공할 수 없습니다.
제 6 장 손해배상 및 기타사항
제 18 조 (손해배상)
당 사이트는 무료로 제공되는 서비스와 관련하여 회원에게 어떠한 손해가 발생하더라도 당 사이트가 고의 또는 과실로 인한 손해발생을 제외하고는 이에 대하여 책임을 부담하지 아니합니다.
제 19 조 (관할 법원)
서비스 이용으로 발생한 분쟁에 대해 소송이 제기되는 경우 민사 소송법상의 관할 법원에 제기합니다.
[부 칙]
1. (시행일) 이 약관은 2016년 9월 5일부터 적용되며, 종전 약관은 본 약관으로 대체되며, 개정된 약관의 적용일 이전 가입자도 개정된 약관의 적용을 받습니다.