• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
• /
• 제14권5호
• /
• pp.2101-2121
• /
• 2020

The rapid growth of instructional videos repositories and their widespread use as a tool to support education have raised the need of studies to assess the quality of those educational resources and their impact on the quality of learning process that depends on them. Khan Academy (KA) repository is one of the prominent educational videos' repositories. It is famous and widely used by different types of learners, students and teachers. To better understand its characteristics and the impact of such repositories on education, we gathered a huge amount of KA data using its API and different web scraping techniques, then we analyzed them. This paper reports the first quantitative and descriptive analysis of Khan Academy repository (KA repository) of open video lessons. First, we described the structure of repository. Then, we demonstrated some analyses highlighting content-based growth and evolution. Those descriptive analyses spotted the main important findings in KA repository. Finally, we focused on users' interactions with video lessons. Those interactions consisted of questions and answers posted on videos. We developed interaction profiles for those videos based on the number of users' interactions. We conducted regression analysis and statistical tests to mine the relation between those profiles and some quality related proposed metrics. The results of analysis showed that all interaction profiles are highly affected by video length and reuse rate in different subjects. We believe that our study demonstrated in this paper provides valuable information in understanding the logic and the learning mechanism inside learning repositories, which can have major impacts on the education field in general, and particularly on the informal learning process and the instructional design process. This study can be considered as one of the first quantitative studies to shed the light on Khan Academy as an open educational resources (OER) repository. The results presented in this paper are crucial in understanding KA videos repository, its characteristics and its impact on education.

• 한국치위생학회지
• /
• 제3권2호
• /
• pp.183-196
• /
• 2003

Purpose: This study sought to identify factors associated with dental hygienists' decisions to leave one dental office and commence practice in another. In addition to, the reasons dental hygienists stay in the profession were investigated. Demographic descriptors, including education level, marital status and age, and employment setting were also examined. Methods: Currently practicing dental hygienists in Korea were surveyed from March to May 2003. Data were collected through a questionnaire. The survey collected information concerning the 461 respondents' personal characteristics and reasons associated with changing positions and staying. Data were analyzed using frequency distributions, independent t-tests and chi-square analyses. All statistical analyses were conducted using the Statistical Package for Social Scientists(SPSS v.10, Chicago, Illinois). Results: The primary reasons for taking up another employment were found to be better offer, inadequate salary and personal conflict with dentist. Secondary reasons stated for changing their job revealed additional factors including inadequate salary, better offer, and lack of benefits. The primary influence in deciding to remaining in the practice of dental hygiene was self-development. Family responsibility, safe environment and professional collaboration were also important factors in deciding to remain in workforce. Conclusion: The position changes of dental hygienists are primarily influenced by better offer. Inadequate salary and conflict with dentist were also important factors in deciding to change employment positions. The findings suggest that dental hygienists who remain in the workforce are positively influenced mainly by self-development. Employers of dental hygienists should be aware of these factors in employing process. If more hygienists could remain longer in their positions, the manpower situation would be affected positively.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 대한기계학회 2008년도 추계학술대회A
• /
• pp.1314-1319
• /
• 2008

Fatigue reliability problems are nowadays actively considered in the design of mechanical components. Recently, Dimension Reduction Method using Kriging approximation (KDRM) was proposed by the authors to efficiently calculate statistical moments of the response function. This method, which is more tractable for its sensitivity-free nature and providing the response PDF in a few number of analyses, is adopted in this study for the reliability analysis. Before applying this method to the practical fatigue problems, accuracies are studied in terms of parameters of the KDRM through a number of numerical examples, from which best set of parameters are suggested. In the fatigue reliability problems, good number of experimental data are necessary to get the statistical distribution of the S-N parameters. The information, however, are not always available due to the limited expense and time. In this case, a family of curves with prediction interval, called P-S-N curve, is constructed from regression analysis. Using the KDRM, once a set of responses are available at the sample points at the mean, all the reliability analyses for each P-S-N curve can be efficiently studied without additional response evaluations. The method is applied to a spring design problem as an illustration of practical applications, in which reliability-based design optimization (RBDO) is conducted by employing stochastic response surface method which includes probabilistic constraints in itself. Resulting information is of great practical value and will be very helpful for making trade-off decision during the fatigue design.

• 정보처리학회논문지B
• /
• 제13B권6호
• /
• pp.591-600
• /
• 2006

본 논문에서는 문서 영상의 그림 영역에서 통계적 분석을 통한 단어 영상을 추출하는 방법을 제안한다. 제안 방법은 그림 영역의 구성 요소를 문자 성분과 그래픽 성분으로 분류하기 위하여 연결요소에 대한여 통계적 분석 방법인 상자그림 분석을 적용하고, 분류된 문자 성분들에 대하여 지역적 밀집도를 분석하여 문자 영역을 추출한다. 추출된 문자 영역에서 투영 히스토그램 분석을 통하여 문자열을 추출하고, 문자열을 단어단위 영상으로 분리하기 위하여 투영 히스토그램 분석과 갭 군집화, 특수 기호 검출 등을 수행한다. 제안 방법은 임계값의 사용 대신에 그림 영역의 구성 요소들에 대하여 통계적 분석을 수행하기 때문에 그림의 형태 변화에 민감하지 않으며, 지역적 밀집도 분석으로 보다 정확한 문자 영역을 추출하였다. 또한 제안 방법의 응용 분야인 주제어 검색을 위한 오프라인의 전처리에 해당하는 문서 영상의 단어단위 영상 추출에 적용하여 제안 방법에 대한 연구의 필요성을 제시하였다.

• Investigative Magnetic Resonance Imaging
• /
• 제19권2호
• /
• pp.67-75
• /
• 2015

Purpose: To investigate the value of image post-processing software (FreeSurfer, IBASPM [individual brain atlases using statistical parametric mapping software]) and inversion time (TI) in volumetric analyses of the hippocampus and to identify differences in comparison with manual tracing. Materials and Methods: Brain images from 12 normal adults were acquired using magnetization prepared rapid acquisition gradient echo (MPRAGE) with a slice thickness of 1.3 mm and TI of 800, 900, 1000, and 1100 ms. Hippocampal volumes were measured using FreeSurfer, IBASPM and manual tracing. Statistical differences were examined using correlation analyses accounting for spatial interpretations percent volume overlap and percent volume difference. Results: FreeSurfer revealed a maximum percent volume overlap and maximum percent volume difference at TI = 800 ms ($77.1{\pm}2.9%$) and TI = 1100 ms ($13.1{\pm}2.1%$), respectively. The respective values for IBASPM were TI = 1100 ms ($55.3{\pm}9.1%$) and TI = 800 ms ($43.1{\pm}10.7%$). FreeSurfer presented a higher correlation than IBASPM but it was not statistically significant. Conclusion: FreeSurfer performed better in volumetric determination than IBASPM. Given the subjective nature of manual tracing, automated image acquisition and analysis image is accurate and preferable.

• 한국철도학회논문집
• /
• 제16권2호
• /
• pp.144-150
• /
• 2013

본 논문은 서울시 우이-신설 경전철의 출입문 사양 결정을 위한 승하차 시간 예측 모의실험 내용과 실험 데이터 분석결과를 제시한다. 우이-신설 경전철과 유사한 차량(김해 경전철 차량) 및 운영조건을 설정하여 승하차 시간을 측정하는 모의실험을 반복적으로 실시한다. 실험계획은 승하차 인원의 시나리오에 따라 4가지로 구성하였으며, 총 39회의 모의실험을 실시하였다. 이 실험결과를 활용하여 우이-신설 경전철의 출입문 폭과 수량에 대한 차량설계 방안의 적절성 검증이 가능하였다. 실험결과에 대한 통계적 분석으로 승하차 인원의 변화에 따른 승하차 시간 분석을 실시하였다. 실험계획에서 설정된 시나리오를 승하차 인원의 규모에 따라 다시 3가지 수준으로 분류하고, 수준별 승하차 시간의 평균과 분산을 조사하였다. 다음 승차, 하차 및 재차 인원의 구성에 따른 일원배치 분산분석(One-Way ANOVA)을 실시하여 각각의 구성이 승하차 시간에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 본 논문에서 제시된 실험결과 및 분석결과들은 장래 도시형 경전철 차량의 출입문 설계 관련 업무에 활용될 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• Industrial Engineering and Management Systems
• /
• 제2권1호
• /
• pp.9-27
• /
• 2003

In a wafer fabrication factory, the completion time of an order is affected by many factors related to the specifics of the order and the status of the system, so is difficult to predict precisely. The level of influence of each factor on the order completion time may also depend on the production system characteristics, such as the rules for releasing and dispatching. This paper presents a method to identify those factors that significantly impact upon the order completion time under various combinations of scheduling rules. Computer simulations and statistical analyses were used to develop effective due date assignment models for improving the due date related performances. The first step of this research was to select the releasing and dispatching rules from those that were cited so frequently in related wafer fabrication factory researches. Simulation and statistical analyses were combined to identify the critical factors for predicting order completion time under various combinations of scheduling rules. In each combination of scheduling rules, two efficient due date assignment models were established by using the regression method for accurately predicting the order due date. Two due date assignment models, called the significant factor prediction model (SFM) and the key factor prediction model (KFM), are proposed to empirically compare the due date assignment rules widely used in practice. The simulation results indicate that SFM and KFM are superior to the other due date assignment rules. The releasing rule, dispatching rule and due date assignment rule have significant impacts on the due date related performances, with larger improvements coming from due date assignment and dispatching rules than from releasing rules.

• 한국산업보건학회지
• /
• 제31권4호
• /
• pp.342-352
• /
• 2021

Objectives: This study analyzed the local exposure levels of radiation emitted from the equipment with soft X-ray ionizers to investigate the radiation exposure levels in Liquid Crystal Display(LCD) manufacturing processes. Methods: This study measured the local radiation levels for the equipment installed in two LCD manufacturing companies. The equipment were installed at diverse processes and equipped with various number of ionizers. The local radiation levels were measured on the surface of the equipment by using direct reading equipment, and the measurements were converted into annual effective dose by considering the radiation exposure time of workers. Statistical analyses were performed to investigate the radiation exposure characteristics. Results: Annual effective doses for 97.6% of the equipment being measured were less than 1 mSv. However, the range of annual effective doses was 0.004 mSv ~ 2.167 mSv, which indicated a large variation among the equipment. Statistical analyses of the study found that this large variation was raised due to improper shielding of the equipment rather than process and/or equipment characteristics. To pinpoint the cause of this large variation in annual effective dose, this study improved the shielding of the equipment being radiated over 1 mSv and found that their average effective dose was reduced from 1.604 mSv to 0.126 mSv after shielding improvement. Conclusions: Relatively high exposure levels of radiation were observed in some equipment where their shielding were insufficiently thick and/or sealed. This finding implies that the shielding of the equipment is an important engineering countermeasure to control the radiation exposure levels in industries.

• 문화기술의 융합
• /
• 제9권5호
• /
• pp.625-633
• /
• 2023

전 세계적으로 반려동물 문화와 관련 산업이 함께 확장되고 있다. 반려동물 산업 중 펫푸드(반려동물 식품)는 반려동물 산업에서 상당히 많은 지분을 차지하는 분야이다. 현재 국내 펫푸드 시장은 수입 제품의 의존도가 높은 상황이며, 관련 산업의 경쟁력 확보 및 기술개발을 위해서 지적재산권 확보는 매우 중요한 역할을 한다. 따라서, 우리는 국내 펫푸드 특허의 현황과 전망을 파악하기 위해 구체적으로 시계열 및 출원인별 통계분석, IPC 기술분석을 실시하여 기술 발전 단계, 기업의 기술개발 및 혁신력, 특허출원 분포와 주요 기업 및 연구기관의 기술을 분석하였다. 연구결과, 펫푸드 관련 국내 연구 활동은 현재 성숙기로 접어든 것으로 나타났으며, 국내 펫푸드에 대한 특허출원 동향은 국내기업 외 다국적 기업의 참여도 높은 것으로 나타났다. 또한, 특허출원의 대다수는 사료 및 식품 쪽으로 집중되었다. 향후, 국내 펫푸드 산업의 성장을 위해 국내외 소비자들의 수요와 일치되는 기술개발과 펫푸드로 파생되는 IT 및 첨담기술을 접목하여 특허 기술을 발전시킬 필요가 있다. 이러한 연구와 개발을 통해 우리는 국내 펫푸드 산업이 지속적인 성장을 이루어낼 수 있을 것으로 기대한다.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
• /
• 제21권4호
• /
• pp.30-41
• /
• 2016

The amount of groundwater related data is drastically increasing domestically from various sources since 2000. To justify the more expansive continuation of the data acquisition and to derive valuable implications from the data, continued employments of sophisticated and state-of-the-arts statistical tools in the analyses and predictions are important issue. In the present study, we employed a well established machine learning technique of Gaussian Process Regression (GPR) model in the trend analyses of groundwater level for the long-term change. The major benefit of GPR model is that the model provide not only the future predictions but also the associated uncertainty. In the study, the long-term predictions of groundwater level from the stations of National Groundwater Monitoring Network located within Han River Basin were exemplified as prediction cases based on the GPR model. In addition, a few types of groundwater change patterns were delineated (i.e., increasing, decreasing, and no trend) on the basis of the statistics acquired from GPR analyses. From the study, it was found that the majority of the monitoring stations has decreasing trend while small portion shows increasing or no trend. To further analyze the causes of the trend, the corresponding precipitation data were jointly analyzed by the same method (i.e., GPR). Based on the analyses, the major cause of decreasing trend of groundwater level is attributed to reduction of precipitation rate whereas a few of the stations show weak relationship between the pattern of groundwater level changes and precipitation.