• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.187-194
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• 2013

Recently, there have been many trials to analyze characteristics of research trends through a structural analysis of keyword networks in various fields. However, most previous studies have mainly focused on structural analysis harbored in some static networks and there is a lack of research on changes of such networks structure with time. In this paper, we constructed annual keyword networks by using a database of papers published in the international computer engineering-field journals from 2002 through 2011, and examined the changes of them. As a result, it was shown that most keywords in a network are preserved in the network of the next year, and their degree of connectivity and the average weight of the connections were higher and smaller, respectively, than those of the keywords which are not preserved. In addition, when a keyword network shifted to one of the next year, the connections between keywords were more likely to be removed than preserved, and the average weight of the removal connections was higher than that of the preserved ones. These results imply that the keywords are not changed over time but their connections are very likely to be changed; and there is apparent differences between the preserved and removal groups of keywords/connections with respect to degree and weights of connections. All these results are consistently observed over the ten-year datasets and they can be important principles in understanding the structural changes of the keyword networks.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.37-43
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• 2014

Natural disasters such as earthquakes and tsunamis occur suddenly, so that they cause massive loss of lives and property. Especially earthquakes represent a particularly severe threat because of the extensive damage accompanied by them. In Korea, an earthquake-resistant design has been rarely applied to a design or construction of slope. However, in resent years, the researches for earthquake-resistance have been performed because the importance on the earthquake-resistance is perceived and highlighted. Soil nail method, one of the slope stability methods, is excellent for its constructability and cost effectiveness, as compared with other stability methods. Also, this method has been widely used for reinforced construction for slope stability. The studies of soil nail method have been performed on the interaction behavior between nails and slopes as well as the varied load condition such as static load, dynamic load and so on. Nevertheless, there has been minimal research regarding the constraint condition of nail head. In this study, the numerical analysis was performed for identifying effect on slope stability for the constrain condition of the soil nail. The result shows that the resistance of constrained the nail head on reinforced slope is larger compared to the one of unconstrained nail head.

• Korean Journal of Family Social Work
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• no.23
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• pp.153-182
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• 2008

This study performed a meta-analysis on 45 research studies conducted in Korea on the relationship between domestic violence experience and juvenile delinquency. The meta-analysis calculated 125 effect sizes. The study then analyzed the effect of exposure to domestic violence on juvenile delinquency and evaluated the relationship according to research variables. The probabilities of juvenile delinquency by children who witnessed domestic violence, experienced violence directly, or experienced child abuse were 14%, 17.8% and 17.2% higher than that of children otherwise, respectively. However, the difference in experience types or child abuse types on mean effect sizes was not statistically significant. Cross effect between the type of domestic violence and the type of juvenile delinquency did not significantly impact the mean effect size of juvenile delinquency. The effect of domestic violence experience on delinquency was highest for junior high students, followed by elementary students and high school students, Difference in the effect size among groups was statistically significant. The effect size with respect to publication year was shown to have a minor static correlation, but the publication type was not meaningful. The study confirmed the effect of domestic violence on juvenile delinquency and emphasized that the responsibility of social environment in juvenile delinquency increase has been overlooked.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.73-80
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of motion-based dance game on static and dynamic balance in elderly women. The participants were randomly divided into 2 group, Motion Based dance game group(n=10), control group(n=10). After they were divided into an Motion Based dance game group and a control group the Motion Based dance game group participated in six-week period of time, three times a week, 60 minutes each, and the control group didn't exercise outside of their daily lives. To evaluated the balance ability of exercise, it was evaluated by using Berg Balance Scale(BBS), Functional Reach Test(FRT), Timed Up and Go test(TUG). The data was analysis using a paired t-test and independent t-test to determine the statistical significance. The results of this study between BBS, FRT, TUG and Motion Based dance game group had statistically significant difference rather than control group(p<.05). In conclusion, the Motion based Dance Game showed improvement on the balance ability in the elderly. Regular maintenance of the Dance Game "Dance Central" program for the elderly will assistance improve the balance. Consequently, studies on the development of dance games suitable for the elderly are believed to be necessary.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.12 no.5
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• pp.127-138
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• 2021

The aim of this study is to demonstrate interaction as a describable field and tries to understand interaction from the perspective of attributes, thus building a theoretical to help interactive designer understand this field by common rule, rather than waste huge time and labor cost on iteration. Since the concept of interaction language has been brought out in 2000, there are varies of related academical studies, but all with defect such as proposed theoretical models are built on a non-uniform scale, or the analyzing perspective are mainly based on researcher's personal experience and being too unobjective. The value of this study is the clustered resource of research which mainly based on academical review. It collected 21 papers researched on interaction paradigm or interaction attributes published since 2000, extracting 19 interaction attribute models which contains 174 interaction attributes. Furthermore, these 174 attributes were re-clustered based on a more unified standard scale, and the two theoretical models summarized from it are respectively focuses on interaction control and interaction experience, both of which covered 6 independent attributes. The propose of this theoretical models and the analyzation of the cluster static will contribute on further revealing of the importance of interaction attribute, or the attention interaction attribute has been paid on. Also, in this regard, the interactive designer could reasonably allocate their energy during design process, and the future potential on various direction of interaction design could be discussed.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.21 no.7
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• pp.59-70
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• 2021

This paper studies and analyzes the effect of illustrations in picture books on time representation with fictional picture books as the study scope. In this paper, the time type of picture books can be divided into time point, timeline and time rhythm, referring to case analysis from time symbolic elements, picture layout and picture sequence respectively. First of all, time symbolic elements are referred to the time point and time rhythm. The materialized time symbolic element is things that can directly represent time and trigger associations with time; the color symbolic element means the color changes in the real world within a certain time; the contrast of light and shadow corresponds to the changes in a day. Fast-moving objects will be presented with dashed or blurred lines, while static, stable and slow objects will be depicted with solid lines. Secondly, the picture layout of illustrations in picture books is suitable for representing the content of the timeline and describing the sequence or causality of events. Finally, the picture sequence can represent the timeline, time rhythm and "synchronicity". It will make use of visual logic to win readers' trust in time information expressed in pictures, and then follow and connect viewpoints on the basis of adapting to reading habits. The essence of time representation in picture books is to express time by space, and use different combinations of elements in space and visual guidance to convey time information.

• International Area Studies Review
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.331-350
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• 2011

This paper analyzes balance of goods for a panel data of 56 industry classification in the MTI from 1980 to 2009. This study also develops the equilibrium adjustment process, which is a trade-off between the adjustment costs towards equilibrium costs for balance of goods and the cost of being in disequilibrium. In this framework, the GMM estimation procedure is used to estimate this dynamic panel model consistently. It is found that equilibrium balances of goods in Korean adjust to the speed is very slow to 0.0389. because of this is necessary to adjust the equilibrium goods balance as the cost of goods balance deficit is larger than by the cost. In addition, the real income elasticity for goods balance of resin in Japan and Korea, the real income elasticity 4.38168 and -0.835225, respectively, the marks were consistent with economic theory. The exchange rate elasticity of goods balance in japan to 0.478435 were found in the inelastic.

• KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
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• v.7 no.12
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• pp.301-312
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• 2018

In industrial wireless sensor networks, the continuous object detection such as fire or toxic gas detection is one of major applications. A continuous object occurs at a specific point and then diffuses over a wide area. Therefore, many studies have focused on accurately detecting a continuous object and delivering data to a static sink with an energy-efficient way. Recently, some applications such as fire suppression require mobile sinks to provide real-time response. However, the sink mobility support in continuous object detection brings challenging issues. The existing approaches supporting sink mobility are designed for individual object detection, so they establish one-to-one communication between a source and a mobile sink for location update. But these approaches are not appropriate for a continuous object detection since a mobile sink should establish one-to-many communication with all sources. The one-to-many communication increases energy consumption and thus shortens the network lifetime. In this paper, we propose the origin-centric communication scheme to support sink mobility in a continuous object detection. Simulation results verify that the proposed scheme surpasses all the other work in terms of energy consumption.

• Herbal Formula Science
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.101-120
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• 2019

PURPOSE : Euonymi Lignum Suberalatum (EL) is the stem fin of Euonymi alatus. In traditional Korean medicine, EL is used for treatment of uterine bleeding, metritis and static blood. Recently, many studies have reported several pharmacological effects of EL including anticancer, antimicrobial, antidiabetic activity, and anti-oxidative stress. However, the mechanisms underlying anti-inflammatory effects by the EL is not established. METHODS : To investigate anti-inflammatory effects of Euonymi Lignum Suberalatum Water (ELWE), Raw 264.7 cells were pre-treated with $10-300{\mu}g/mL$ of ELWE, and then exposed to $1{\mu}g/mL$ of LPS. Levels of NO, IL-6, $IL-1{\beta}$ and $TNF-{\alpha}$ were detected by ELISA kit. Expression of pro-inflammatory proteins were determined by immunoblot analysis. To evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect in vivo, rat paw edema volume, and expressions of COX-2 and iNOS proteins in carrageenan (CA)-induced rat paw edema model. RESULTS : NO production activated by LPS, was decreased by $30-300{\mu}g/mL$ of ELWE. Production of inflammatory mediators such as $TNF-{\alpha}$, ILs, $PGE_2$ were decreased by ELWE 100 and $300{\mu}g/mL$. In addition, ELWE reduced LPS-mediated iNOS and COX-2 expression. Moreover, ELWE increased $I-{\kappa}B{\alpha}$ expression in cytoplasm and decreased $NF-{\kappa}B$ expression in nucleus. In vivo study, ELWE reduced the increases of paw swelling, and expression of iNOS and COX-2 proteins in paw edema induced by CA injection. CONCLUSION : The results indicate that ELWE could inhibit the acute inflammatory response, via modulation of $NF-{\kappa}B$ activation. Furthermore, inhibition of rat paw edema induced by CA is considered as clear evidence that ELWE may be a useful source to treat acute inflammation.

• Korean Journal of Heritage: History & Science
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.48-63
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• 2015

This study began with the purpose of awakening an interest in Korean Nu-jung and seeking application plan based on Nu-jung of Aneuisamdong. Also it intends to suggest activation plan of Nu-jung while using the culture of taste for the arts and classical scholar of ancestors with the physical place named Nu-jung as the medium. As concrete ways to activate Nu-jung, we suggested plans which use the game of go(Baduk), main material of the culture of taste for the arts and classical scholar, and increase availability by planning a program adding picturesqueness of Nu-jung. By bringing the material named the game of go(Baduk) to the place named Nu-jung, we suggested the plan capable of experiencing the culture of taste for the arts and classical scholar and also expecting local promotion and economical effect. And the plan is to design and conduct night program, 1 night 2 days program, tailored program, and so on by combining the material of the culture of taste for the arts and classical scholar with the medium named 'Dal(the moon)' in the static place named Nu-jung. The plans above are applicable to most of Nu-jung scattered all over the country, which means that we have a lot of Nu-jung in Korea and, at the same time, we have abundant contents to be used as cultural properties. Now it's important how to develop and use these contents through the connection with various academic fields in terms of managing cultural properties. By understanding the value of the original form of culture while emerging from simply using cultural properties, we can use cultural properties in a higher level. For this, preserving cultural properties should be supported by continuous interdisciplinary study.