• 한국지진공학회논문집
• /
• 제7권3호
• /
• pp.79-88
• /
• 2003

1992년 내진규정 도입이전에 설계시공된 공용중의 철근콘크리트 교각은 대체로 소성힌지구간에 겹침이음 시공되었다. 본연구는 형상비 2.5의 철근콘크리트 교각실험체의 내진 연성도 평가를 위한 실험적 연구이다. 실험에 사용된 6기의 실험체는 횡방향 구속력, 주철근의 겹침이음 그리고 섬유보강을 변수로 가지고 있다. 이 실험체는 한국도로공사가 개발한 인공지진동을 사용하여 유사동적실험을 수행하여 지진이력을 주었으며, 유사동적실험 후에는 일정한 축력, P＝0.1 $f_{ck}$ $A_{g}$을 유지하면서 변위제어방식으로 유사정적실험을 실시하여 잔류내진성능을 평가하였다. 실험 결과 소성힌지구간에 겹침이음 된 RC 교각이 낮은 연성에서 파괴에 도달하였다. 이는 주철근 겹침이음이 주철근의 충분한 연성발달을 저하시킨 결과라 할 수 있다. 또한, 섬유보강된 실험체는 ？강성과 변위연성도의 현저한 개선능력을 보였다..

• Steel and Composite Structures
• /
• 제34권6호
• /
• pp.891-907
• /
• 2020

Many studies reveal that during destructive earthquakes, most of the structures enter the inelastic phase. The amount of hysteretic energy in a structure is considered as an important criterion in structure design and an important indicator for the degree of its damage or vulnerability. The hysteretic energy value wasted after the structure yields is the most important component of the energy equation that affects the structures system damage thereof. Controlling this value of energy leads to controlling the structure behavior. Here, for the first time, the hysteretic behavior and energy dissipation capacity are assessed at presence of elliptical braced resisting frames (ELBRFs), through an experimental study and numerical analysis of FEM. The ELBRFs are of lateral load systems, when located in the middle bay of the frame and connected properly to the beams and columns, in addition to improving the structural behavior, do not have the problem of architectural space in the bracing systems. The energy dissipation capacity is assessed in four frames of small single-story single-bay ELBRFs at ½ scale with different accessories, and compared with SMRF and X-bracing systems. The frames are analyzed through a nonlinear FEM and a quasi-static cyclic loading. The performance features here consist of hysteresis behavior, plasticity factor, energy dissipation, resistance and stiffness variation, shear strength and Von-Mises stress distribution. The test results indicate that the good behavior of the elliptical bracing resisting frame improves strength, stiffness, ductility and dissipated energy capacity in a significant manner.

• Steel and Composite Structures
• /
• 제26권6호
• /
• pp.793-808
• /
• 2018

In this study, the seismic performance of the connections between L-shaped columns composed of concrete-filled steel tubes (L-CFST columns) and H-beams used in high-rise steel frame structures was investigated. Seven full-scale specimens were tested under quasi-static cyclic loading. The variables studied in the tests included the joint type, the axial compression ratio, the presence of concrete, the width-to-thickness ratio and the internal extension length of the side plates. The hysteretic response, strength degradation, stiffness degradation, ductility, plastic rotation capacity, energy dissipation capacity and the strain distribution were evaluated at different load cycles. The test results indicated that both the corner and exterior joint specimens failed due to local buckling and crack within the beam flange adjacent to the end of the side plates. However, the failure modes of the interior joint specimens primarily included local buckling and crack at the end plates and curved corners of the beam flange. A design method was proposed for the flexural capacity of the end plate connection in the interior joint. Good agreement was observed between the theoretical and test results of both the yield and ultimate flexural capacity of the end plate connection.

• Composites Research
• /
• 제24권6호
• /
• pp.12-17
• /
• 2011

자체-센서와 미세 작동기 응용을 위한 CNT와 ITO로 코팅된 나노복합재료의 계면접착 내구성과 전기적 특성을 평가하였다. 나노복합재료의 접착 및 계면 내구성은 반복하중 피로시험에 따른 전기저항도를 측정하여 평가하였다. CNT와 ITO의 고유 전기적 특성으로 인하여 CNT가 코팅된 PVDF 나노복합재료는 ITO가 코팅된 경우보다 다소 낮은 전기저항도를 나타내었으나, 모두 양호한 자체-감지능을 보여주었다. CNT/PVDF와 ITO/PVDF 나노복합재료 모두 계면 내구성은 양호함을 확인하였다. 정적 접촉각 시험을 통해 CNT와 ITO 그리고 PVDF간의 표면에너지, 접착일, 그리고 퍼짐계수를 평가하여 계면 내구성과 의 상호 관련성을 확인하였다. 수용액에서 CNT와 ITO로 코팅된 PVDF 시편의 최적의 작동성은 주파수와 전압을 달리하여 레이져 변위센서를 사용한 연신율 변화로 측정하였다. 작동된 두 나노복합재료들의 연신율은 주파수가 증가함에 따라 감소하며, 반면에 전압의 증가에 따라 상승하였다. 각 나노복합재료의 나노구조 및 고유의 전기적 특성으로 인하여, CNT/PVDF가 ITO/PVDF 보다 자체-감지 및 작동기로서 더 적합하다는 것을 알 수 있었다.

• 한국콘크리트학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 한국콘크리트학회 2008년도 춘계 학술발표회 제20권1호
• /
• pp.89-92
• /
• 2008

본 연구는 조적조로 구성된 치장벽체의 전단거동에 관한 연구이다. 치장조적벽체의 내진보강상 세를 소개하였으며, 본 연구에서 개발한 내진상세를 적용하여 전단거동을 평가하였다. 실험체는 비보 강조적벽(URM) 1개 보강조적벽(RM) 3개로 구성하였으며, 준정적 실험을 수행하였다. 비보강 조적벽은 형상비와 축방향 압축력에 따라 다양한 거동 및 파괴가 일어난다. 그러나 본 연구는 조적구조와는 다른 치장조적조를 대상으로 하였으므로, 전단강도의 주요변수로 작용하는 축방향 압축력은 변수에서 제외 되었다. 실험변수로는 벽체의 보강유무와 형상비로 정하였다. 실험결과 실험체의 거동은 강체회전(Rocking)모드가 지배적으로 나타났으나, 최종파괴는 여러 파괴모드가 복합적으로 나타났다. FEMA273 에서는 면내조적벽의 전단강도식을 제시한다. 강도식은 조적벽의 거동모드에 따라 4가지로 분류되며, 그 거동모드는 강체회전(Rocking), 단부압괴(Toe-Crushing), 수평줄눈미끄러짐(Bed-Joint-Sliding), 사인장(Diagonal-Tension)파괴로 나타내고 있다. FEMA 273에 의해 전단강도를 평가한 결과 치장조적벽의 거동모드는 어느정도 예측 할 수 있었지만, 전단강도는 매우 다르게 나타났다.

• Steel and Composite Structures
• /
• 제37권2호
• /
• pp.175-191
• /
• 2020

In this article, for the first time, the seismic behavior of elliptic-braced moment resisting frame (ELBRF) is assessed through a laboratory program and numerical analyses of FEM specifically focused on the development of global- and local-type failure mechanisms. The ELBRF as a new lateral braced system, when installed in the middle bay of the frames in the facade of a building, not only causes no problem to the opening space of the facade, but also improves the structural behavior. Quantitative and qualitative investigations were pursued to find out how elliptic braces would affect the failure mechanism of ELBRF structures exposed to seismic action as a nonlinear process. To this aim, an experimental test of a ½ scale single-story single-bay ELBRF specimen under cyclic quasi-static loading was run and the results were compared with those for X-bracing, knee-bracing, K-bracing, and diamond-bracing systems in a story base model. Nonlinear FEM analyses were carried out to evaluate failure mechanism, yield order of components, distribution of plasticity, degradation of structural nonlinear stiffness, distribution of internal forces, and energy dissipation capacity. The test results indicated that the yield of elliptic braces would delay the failure mode of adjacent elliptic columns and thus, help tolerate a significant nonlinear deformation to the point of ultimate failure. Symmetrical behavior, high energy absorption, appropriate stiffness, and high ductility in comparison with the conventional systems are some of the advantages of the proposed system.

• Steel and Composite Structures
• /
• 제29권4호
• /
• pp.451-464
• /
• 2018

This paper presents some quasi-static tests for 4 mixed columns composed of CFST column and RC column. The seismic performance and failure mode were studied under low-cyclic revised loading. The failure mode was observed under different axial compression ratios. The hysteretic curve and skeleton curve were obtained. The effects of axial compression ratio on yield mechanism, displacement ductility, energy dissipation, stiffness and strength attenuation were analyzed. The results indicate that the failure behavior of CFST-RC mixed column with archaized style is mainly caused by bending failure and accompanied by some shear failure. The axial compression ratio performs a control function on the yielding order of the upper and lower columns. The yielding mechanism has a great influence on the ductility and energy dissipation capacity of specimens. Based on the experiment, finite element analysis was made to further research the seismic performance by ABAQUS software. The variable parameters were stiffness ratio of upper and lower columns, axial compression ratio, yielding strength of steel tube, concrete strength and rebar ratio. The simulation results show that with the increase of stiffness ratio of the upper and lower columns, the bearing capacity and ductility of specimens can correspondingly increase. As the axial compression ratio increases, the ductility of the specimen decreases gradually. The other three parameters both have positive effect on the bearing capacity but have negative effect on the ductility. The results can provide reference for the design and engineering application of mixed column consisted of CFST-RC in Chinese archaized buildings.

• Earthquakes and Structures
• /
• 제20권4호
• /
• pp.431-444
• /
• 2021

T-shaped column is usually used as side column in buildings, which is one of the weak members in structural system. This paper presented a quasi-static cyclic loading experiment of six specimens of reinforced concrete (RC) T-shaped columns under compression-flexure-shear-torsion combined loadings to investigate the effect in the ratio of torsion to moment (T/M) and axial compression ratio (n) and height-thickness ratio of flange plate (φ) on their seismic performance. Based on the test results, the failure characteristics, hysteretic curves, ductility, energy dissipation, stiffness degradation and strength degradation were analyzed. The results show that the failure characteristics of RC T-shaped columns mainly depend on the ratio of torsion to moment, which can be divided into bending failure, bending-torsion failure and shear-torsion failure. With the increase of T/M ratio, the torsion ductility coefficient increased, and in a suitable range, the torsion and horizontal displacement ductility coefficient of RC T-shaped columns could be effectively improved with the increase of axial compression ratio and the decrease of height-thickness ratio of flange plate. Besides, the energy dissipation capacity of the specimens mainly depended on the bending and shear energy dissipation capacity. On the other hand, the increase of axial compression ratio and the ratio of torsion to moment could accelerate the torsional and bending stiffness degradation of RC T-shaped columns. Moreover, the degradation coefficient of torsion strength was between 0.80 and 0.98, and that of bending strength was between 0.75 and 1.00.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
• /
• 제81권6호
• /
• pp.715-728
• /
• 2022

A new type of buckling-restrained braces (BRBs) with a longitudinally profiled steel plate working as the core (LPBRB) is proposed and experimentally investigated. Different from conventional BRBs with a constant thickness core, both stiffness and strength of the longitudinally profiled steel core along its longitudinal direction can change through itself variable thickness, thus the construction of LPBRB saves material and reduces the processing cost. Four full-scale component tests were conducted under quasi-static cyclic loading to evaluate the seismic performance of LPBRB. Three stiffening methods were used to improve the fatigue performance of LPBRBs, which were bolt-assembled T-shaped stiffening ribs, partly-welded stiffening ribs and stiffening segment without rib. The experimental results showed LPBRB specimens displayed stable hysteretic behavior and satisfactory seismic property. There was no instability or rupture until the axial ductility ratio achieved 11.0. Failure modes included the out-of-plane buckling of the stiffening part outside the restraining member and core plate fatigue fracture around the longitudinally profiled segment. The effect of the stiffening methods on the fatigue performance is discussed. The critical buckling load of longitudinally profiled segment is derived using Euler theory. The local bulging behavior of the outer steel tube is analyzed with an equivalent beam model. The design recommendations for LPBRB are presented finally.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
• /
• 제26권6호
• /
• pp.193-203
• /
• 2022

본 연구는 국내에서 주로 사용되는 강구조 보-기둥 접합상세와 논스캘럽접합상세의 내진성능을 비교하기 위해 실대형 정적반복실험과 실험과 동일한 모델링 통한 FEM해석을 진행하였다. 정량적인 수치비교를 위해 이전연구에서 사용된 변형률집중지수와 모멘트전달효율을을 인용하였다. 보 웨브의 용접면적 감소에 따라 플랜지 부분의 변형률이 증가되어 회전각에 따른 소성변형능력이 감소되거나 취성파단이 일어나는 현상을 보였다. 해석결과와 실험결과 비교시 H형 전체단면적에 대한 웨브 용접비가 60%이하로 떨어질 경우 취성파단이 일어날 가능성이 높아지는 경향이 나타났다.