• 농약과학회지
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.196-200
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• 2006

국내서식 물벼룩종을 이용한 표준생태독성시험법 개발을 위한 기초연구로서 국내환경에서의 대표성, 실내사육가능성 및 독성시험에 적합한 크기 등을 고려하여 선발된 4종의 한국산 물벼룩 Daphnia sp., Daphnia obtusa, Moina macrocopa, S.imocephalus vetulus과 Daphnia magna에 대한 실내사육조건에서의 life cycle을 조사하였다. 국내산 물벼룩 4종과 D. magna에 대한 실내사육조건에서의 전 생애에 걸친 생육특성을 조사한 결과 D. magna가 어미 1마리당 평균 358마리의 새끼를 출산하였고 국내산 물벼룩 중에는 Daphnia sp.가 297마리의 새끼를 출산하여 가장 출산새끼수가 많았으며 그 다음으로는 M. macrocopa, S. vetulus, D. obtusa 순이었다. 평균수명은 D. magna가 50일로 가장 길었으며 국내산 물벼룩 중에는 Daphnia sp.가 39일로 조사되었으며 그 다음으로는 S. vetulus, D. obtusa M. macrocopa, 순이었다. 특히 M. macrocopa의 경우 번식력이 우수하면서도 세대기간이 짧아 기존의 번식독성시험법에서 제시하는 21일보다 짧은 10일 정도의 단기간에 번식영향을 평가할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.432-436
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• 2009

Purpose: Negative pressure therapy has been used in various conditions to promote wound healing. It has also been used to secure a skin graft by improving microcirculation and improving tight adhesion between the graft and the recipient bed. To reduce post burn scar contracture and improve aesthetical result, many types of dermal substitutes have been invented and used widely. The goal of this study was evaluate usefulness of the VAC (Kinetic concepts Inc., San Antonio, TX) in improving the take rate and time to incorporation of Integra$^{(R)}$ in reconstruction of burn scar contracture. Methods: A retrospective study was performed from October, 2006 to December, 2008. The VAC was utilized for 11 patients. The average patient's age was 19.7 years (range 5 - 27) and average surface area was $785cm^2$ (range 24 - 1600). The burn scars were excised deep into normal subcutaneous tissue to achieve complete release of the scar, Integra$^{(R)}$ was sutured in place with skin staple와 Steri - strip$^{(R)}$. Then slit incisions were made on silicone sheet only with No.11 blade for effective drainage. The VAC was used as a bolster dressing over Integra$^{(R)}$. Negative - Pressure ranging from 100 to 125 mm Hg was applied to black polyurethane foam sponge trimmed to the appropriate wound size. An occlusive seal over the black polyurethane foam sponge was maintained by a combination of the occlusive dressing, OP - site$^{(R)}$. The VAC dressing changes were performed every 3 or 4 days until adequate incorporation was obtained. The neodermis appeared slightly yellow to orange color. When the Integra$^{(R)}$ deemed clinically incorporated, The VAC was removed and take was estimated with visual inspection. Very thin STSG(0.006 ~ 0.008 inches) was performed after silicone sheet removal. Result: The mean time for clinically assessed incorporation of Integra$^{(R)}$ was 10.00 days (range 9 - 12). The mean dressing change was 3.5 times until take was obtained. In All patients, Integra$^{(R)}$ had successful incorporation in tissue without serious complications. Conclusion: Integra$^{(R)}$ in combination with Vacuum - Assisted Closure(VAC) may be incorporated earlier than conventional dressing method.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2003

본 연구에서는 10종의 국내 학술지와 11종의 SCI 학술지에 국내 학자들이 게재한 GM 식물 개발 관련 논문을 분석하여 국내의 GM 식물 개발 현황을 조사하였다. 국내 학술지의 경우 지난 1990년부터 2002년 9월까지 발표된 총 204편중에서 총설 등에 해당하는 논문을 제외한 190편에 대하여 분석한 결과, 담배를 대상으로 한 연구 논문이 65편으로 가장 많았으며, 벼가 20편으로 2위를 차지하였으나 다른 주요 곡류 작물인 옥수수, 밀, 콩, 보리 등은 각각 단 1편씩의 연구결과가 발표되었다. 대부분의 연구가 기초 연구인 형질 전환 기술의 확립(46편), 유전자 발현기술(34), 유전자 운반체 개발(10) 등에 해당하는 논문들이었으나 최근 들어 유용물질 및 단백질 생산 작물 및 영양성분이 강화된 작물 등 품질을 개량하기 위한 연구가 점차 많이 발표되는 것으로 조사되었다. 연도별 논문의 발표건수는 1990년도부터 점차 증가하여 1996년도에 최고치(39편)를 기록한 후 다시 감소하는 경향을 보였으며 식물생명공학회지가 100여 편의 GM 식물 개발 관련 논문을 게재함으로써 이 분야에서는 주된 학술지인 것으로 조사되었다. SCI 학술지의 경우에도 담배를 대상으로 한 연구가 10편으로 가장 많았으며 벼가 7편, 애기장대가 5편 등으로 발표되었으나, 주곡작물인 옥수수, 밀, 보리, 콩 등은 단 1편의 논문도 발표되지 않았으며, 유전자 발현 기술 등에 해당하는 기초연구 논문이 16편으로 50%를 차지하였으며 내병성이 7편, 재해저항성이 3편, 제초제 내성이 2편 등으로 조사되었다. 한편, SCI 학술지의 논문 게재 건수는 해마다 꾸준히 증가하는 추세에 있으며 impact factor가 높은 유수한 국제 학술지에도 점차 게재 건수가 많아지고 있는 사실을 확인할 수 있었으나 실험실, 온실 등에서 유전자의 도입이 확인된 GM 식물에 관한 안전성 평가 연구의 일환인 포장 시험 연구 결과에 관한 논문은 거의 없는 것으로 조사되었다.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.125-132
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• 2010

Rice is the staple food of more than 50% of the worlds population. Cultivated rice has the AA genome (diploid, 2n=24) and small genome size of only 430 megabase (haploid genome). As the sequencing of rice genome was completed by the International Rice Genome Sequencing Project (IRGSP), many researchers in the world have been working to explore the gene function on rice genome. Insertional mutagenesis has been a powerful strategy for assessing gene function. In maize, well characterized transposable elements have traditionally been used to clone genes for which only phenotypic information is available. In rice endogenous mobile elements such as MITE and Tos (Hirochika. 1997) have been used to generate gene-tagged populations. To date T-DNA and maize transposable element systems has been utilized as main insertional mutagens in rice. A main drawback of a T-DNA scheme is that Agrobacteria-mediated transformation in rice requires extensive facilities, time, and labor. In contrast, the Ac/Ds system offers the advantage of generating new mutants by secondary transposition from a single tagged gene. Revertants can be utilized to correlate phenotype with genotype. To enhance the efficiency of gene detection, advanced gene-tagging systems (i.e. activation, gene or enhancer trap) have been employed for functional genomic studies in rice. Internationally, there have been many projects to develop large scales of insertionally mutagenized populations and databases of insertion sites has been established. Ultimate goals of these projects are to supply genetic materials and informations essential for functional analysis of rice genes and for breeding using agronomically important genes. In this report, we summarize the current status of Ac/Ds-mediated gene tagging systems that has been launched by collaborative works from 2001 in Korea.

• 한국식생활문화학회지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.341-353
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• 2001

This study was conducted to investigate dietary patterns and assimilation of dietary culture of Korean descendants in Yanbian, China compared to Korean. A dietary survey was conducted using one 24-hour recall method from 730 adults over 30 years of age in Yanbian, China and 695 adults over 25 years of age in Kuri, Korea. The average number of food items consumed per day was 14 in Yanbian and 20 in Kuri and there was a significant difference between the two regions(p<0.001). The foods consumed most frequently were rice, salt, the M.S.G. in Yanbian and rice, green onion and garlic in Kuri. The foods consumed most by amount were rice, cucumber, Soju in Yanbian and rice, Kimchi and grape in Kuri. The average number of dishes consumed per day was 6.4 in Yanbian, 9.4 in Kuri and the difference between the two regions was significant(p<0.001). Total number of dishes appeared in the survey was 253 in Yanbian and 494 in Kuri. The dishes consumed most frequently were cooked-rice, beverages, Kimchi, stir-fried eggplant in Yanbian and cooked-rice, Kimchi, coffee, soybean paste stew, in Kuri. The dish groups appeared most frequently were rice, stir-fried foods, vegetables and Kimchi in Yanbian and rice, Kimchi, beverages and fruits in Kuri. Male subjects in Yanbian Consumed alcohol frequently while adults in Kuri consumed coffee more frequently than Yanbian. The major meal patterns were rice+side dish, rice+soup, rice+side dish+Kimchi in Yanbian and rice+soup+side dish+Kimchi, rice+side dish+Kimchi, rice+soup+Kimchi in Kuri. Stir-fried foods, which were consumed 46.6% of all the meals, were dominant side dish in Yanbian, but stir-fried food, seasoned vegetables and grilled food appeared aver 10% in Kuri. There results show that variety of diet of Korean-Chinese in Yanbian was lower than Kuri. Korean-Chinese tend to keep traditional Korean dietary patterns of consuming rice as staple but were adapted to Chinese dietary patterns of consuming stir-fried side dishes. Efforts should be directed toward preserving Korean traditional patterns of dietary culture among Korean-Chinese population.

• 한국작물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국작물학회 1999년도 추계 학술대회지
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• pp.102-144
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• 1999

The major problems of food crop cultivation in Korea are low yield of most crops except rice. inefficient cultivation techniques for aged farmers. and low international competibility. Therefore, development of cultivation techniques of food crops should aim the yield. quality improvement, labor reduction and production cost. The primary issue for increasing the yield of soybean, barely and wheat is to reduce the yield gap between the farmer's yield and recommended ones of experiment station. More advanced cultivation techniques needs to be developed. and/or the conventional breeding methods to be reconsidered. The newly developed labor-saving mechanized technique needs to reduce labor hours , and the cost of agricultural implements and machineries. In other words the labor-saving mechanized technique should be developed based on the improvement of total farming system as well as systemic fundamental innovation of cultural methods. The efficiency of solar energy use in food production of Korea in 1997 is as low as $0.52{\%}$ so there is much room to increase yield. It is recommendable that the concept of food Production should be changed to energy Producing efficiency Per unit area basis from volume and weight of food materials. Moreover, introduction of resonable cropping system is needed to increase yield of main crops, farmer's income, solar energy use efficiency, and decrease of land service expenditure. Current cropping system emphasized on economic crops. especially in vegetables , is not desirable for resonable use of arable land. stability of agricultural management and staple food crop self-sufficiency ratio. It is desirable to increase food crops . that are energy of carbohydrate and protein rich and land dependent crops. in cropping system. And the agronomist should develop the cultural methods to replace food crops for food self-sufficiency and stable farming management instead of economic crops in current cropping system. Low-input and environmentally-sound crop cultivation techniques, especially nitrogen-reducing culture technique which is directly related to food crop quality, also needs to be developed urgently. The extended cultivation of corn in upland and barely and wheat in lowland as a feed stuffs is recommended to prevent further decrease of food self-sufficiency ratio, which is mainly caused by the high reliance on imported feed grain. It is also considered that the calculation and presentation methods of standard agricultural income needs to be improved. The current calculation method uses unit land area of 10a regardless of crop kinds , characteristics of agricultural management and cultivation scale. So, it is apt to lead misunderstanding of farm income value. Therefore. it should show an income of average farmers for certain number of years. Research and developing system for food producing is not desirable because they are conducted currently individual crop and mono-culture basis. But actual agricultural income is usually earned by cropping system including upland and lowland. For example. the barley and wheat is usually cultivated in double cropping system. The cooperation among research institutes such as university agribusiness. government and farmers is indispensible. The public information and education on importance and consumption habit of food crops is necessary in Korean society to increase food self-sufficiency through nationwide cooperation.

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제28권6호
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• pp.1065-1070
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• 2015

초다수성 가공용 품종인 보람찬 및 한마음 품종의 수분 함량, 수분결합도, 아밀로오즈 함량, 손상전분, 입도 분포 및 호화특성을 분석하였다. 국내 초다수성 품종의 습식 및 건식분쇄에 의한 쌀가루의 수분 함량은 보람찬 및 한마음의 경우, 각각 14.79, 13.56 및 7.98, 7.14%를 나타냈다. 수분결합도의 경우, 보람찬 및 한마음 시료는 습식과 건식분쇄에 의해서 각각 236.67, 231.35% 및 275.83, 279.73%를 나타내어 건식분쇄에 의해 수분결합도가 증가하는 것으로 확인되었다. 습식분쇄된 초다수성 쌀가루의 수분결합력은 대조구로 사용된 일반미의 수분결합력과 비교 시 낮게 나타나는 것으로 확인되었다. 건식분쇄에 의한 호품, 보람찬 및 한마음 품종의 아밀로오즈 함량은 각각 19.12, 19.55 및 19.59%를 나타내었다. 손상전분의 경우, 보람찬 및 한마음 시료의 경우 습식과 건식분쇄에 의해 12.51, 10.69 및 14.98, 15.22%를 나타내어 습식분쇄에 비해 건식분쇄했을 경우 전분손상도가 증가하는 것으로 확인되었다. 또한 습식분쇄된 초다수성 쌀가루의 손상전분은 대조구에 비해 낮게 나타났으나, 건식분쇄 시에는 손상전분 함량이 대조구에 비해 증가하는 것으로 확인되었다. 국내 초다수성 품종의 분쇄방법에 따른 입도 분포의 경우, 최빈값은 습식에 비해 건식으로 분쇄할 경우 입도가 높은 것으로 나타났다. 초다수성 품종인 보람찬, 한마음을 습식 및 건식분쇄한 쌀가루의 최고 점도는 각각 2,300, 2,319 및 3,352, 3,022 cP를 나타내었다. 최고점도 및 최종점도의 경우 습식분쇄한 초다수성 쌀가루 시료는 대조구에 비해 높은 값을 나타내었다. Setback의 경우, 초다수성 품종 중 건식분쇄한 보람찬 쌀가루의 경우 가장 낮은 값을 나타내었으나, 대조구와 비교했을 경우 초다수성 쌀가루의 setback 값은 대조구에 비해 높은 값을 나타내었다.

• 한국농림기상학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.51-60
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• 2003

한국 내 농경지의 약 60%를 차지하고 있는 논은 아시아의 주요 농업 생태계의 하나이다. 논은 대기로부터 $CO_2$를 흡수함과 동시에 CH$_4$의 형태로 탄소를 대기 중으로 방출하는데, 관개 상태에 따라 흡수와 방출의 상대적 크기가 달라져서 온실 기체의 전구 수지에 중요한 변수로 작용할 수 있다. 온실 효과와 관련하여 논의 현재 및 미래의 역할을 보다 잘 이해하기 위하여, 주요 농업 생태계에서의 $CO_2$와 에너지 교환을 정량화 하는 것은 매우 중요하다. 이 연구의 목적은, 벼의 전체 생장 기간동안 한국의 전형적인 논에서의 에너지와 $CO_2$ 교환과정을 관측, 분석하고 이해하는 것이다. 2002년 4월부터 한국 타워 플럭스 관측 지역망(KoFlux)에속한 강화도 하리의 논에서 $CO_2$ 및 에너지 플럭스 관측을 지속적으로 해오고 있다. 다양한 보정 단계와 처리 과정을 거친 관측 자료를 통해, 논과 대기간의 $CO_2$ 교환량을 정량화하고, 이를 미기상학적, 생물리학적 관점에서 분석하였다. 날씨 변화와 더불어, 지표 피복 변화와 식물의 생장 단계에 따라 $CO_2$ 교환량이 민감하게 변화하였다. 국내 논에서의 전 생장기간에 걸친 에너지와 $CO_2$ 교환에 관한 최초의 직접 관측 보고인 본 연구는, 아시아 플럭스망(AsiaFlux) 내에서 중요한 참고 자료로서의 가치를 지니며, 지면 모형의 보정과 개선, 전구 생지화학적 순환에 대한 논의 역할, 그리고 생물-대기 상호 작용에 대한 근본적인 이해를 향상시키는 데 기여할 것이다.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제30권3호
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• pp.121-130
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• 2005

고리 원전 주변 지역에서 가상사고 시에 발생하는 핵종 방출 후 토양 또는 농작물에서 시간 경과에 따라 변화하는 핵종 농도분포를 도식적으로 표현하기 위한 GIS를 구축하였다. 이를 위해 ESRI 사의 GIS 구축용 상용 프로그램인 ArcView를 도입하였다. 미리 고리원전 주변의 북서방향 $20km{\times}20km$ 구역에 대한 1:5000 축적의 지도 데이터를 구축하였다. 표현 대상 농작물 및 방출핵종은 주민의 주식인 쌀과 $^{131}I$로 정하였다. 총 100개의 cell에서 $^{131}I$의 침적량으로부터 토양 및 농작물 부분에 대한 $^{131}I$의 시간에 따른 양을 ECOREA-II코드를 통해 계산하였다. 계산결과를 ArcView에서 미리 준비된 polygon cell의 속성 자료에 각각의 cell id와 일치시켜 데이터 병합(join) 작업을 수행하였다. 시간이 경과됨에 따라 낮아지는 $^{131}I$ 농도값을 일관성있는 색상 변화로 나타내기 위해 ArcView의 color lamp에 대한 RGB 값을 조절하였다. 이 방법을 이용하여 고리주변의 북서방향 $10km{\times}10km$ 지역에서 $^{131}I$의 침적 후 쌀에서 시간에 따라 변하는 $^{131}I$ 농도분포를 일관성있는 색상 변화로 쉽게 구분이 되도록 나타낼 수 있었다.

• 한국가정과학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.71-84
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to investigate food habits of boy students and to know the difference in food habits between boy and girl students. A previous study had been conducted to girl students in 1998 and this study was carried to boy students in Oct. 2000 using the questionnaires. The subjects were 783 boy students in middle school, high school and university students living in Jeonbuk region. The average score of food habits was $4.09{\pm}1.72$ out of a possible 10(middle school students were $4.96{\pm}1.85$, high school students were $4.17{\pm}1.61$ and university students were $3.15{\pm}1.70$). The average is similar $4.11{\pm}1.63$ to girl students in 1998. The correlation coefficient between the score of food habits and standard of living, present residence, taking nutritional supplements, and sort of school was positive. As a staple food, cooked rice was preferred 95.9% of subjects and this result is similar to girl students of previous study. The most preferred side-dishes was different between girl and boy students. Boy students liked stew the best, but girl students liked Kimchi the best. The most preferred snacks was fruits and fruit juice. The portion of eating cooked rice in boy students (87.8%) was decreased than girl students(90.6%) at breakfast. The main meal to have soup & stew was supper and the most delicious meal was also supper, but primary meal skipped was breakfast. The reasons for skipping breakfast were lack of time(38.7%) and no appetite(17.6%), skipping lunch was missing a time to eat(8.4%), and skipping supper was no appetite(10.5%). Substitution food on no preparation of lunch basket was difference between middle and high school students and university students. Middle and high school students ate noodles and university student ate cooked rice. The preference of snack was that chicken(20.3%) was the best. The time of eating snacks was that anytime(38.6%) was the first, after supper(13.7%) was next. In order to improve the nutritional status of boy students, they must establish good food habits by eating three regular meals per day and balancing their diet. Especially university student must build their regular life style, so they would have three regular meals.