• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.61-69
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• 2000

Thirty-one dairy cow from two farm(more than 500,000 cells/ml of bulk milk) in Kyongbuk northern province were selected because of their high somatic cell(more than 500,000 cells/ml of milk In individual cow). Each cow received. staphylococcus aureus vaccine(Labac Staph) and immunostimulant(Ultracon) by intramuscular injection to be repeated every fifteen days for S times. The present study was investigated variation of somatic cell after administration of Labac Staph and Ultracon, and antibiotics resistance of isolated staphylococcus spp from milk in selected cow. The results obtained through the survey were summarized as follows ; 1. Ten dairy cow was injected in A farm. Chronic mastitic two cow after 2rd injection was weeded out the herd. Decrease rate of somatic cell after 1st, 2nd, ,3rd, 4th and 5th administration were 41.4%, 35.6%, 56.4%, 65.4% and 36.7%, respectively. Twenty-one cow was injected in B farm. Chronic mastitic five cow after ,3rd injection was weeded out the herd. Decrease rate of somatic cell after 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th administration were 36.9%, 59.9%, 24.5%, 62.6% and 78.4%, respectively. 2. In A farm, isolated staphylococcus spp were identified as S hyicus 2 strains(11.8%), coagulase negative staphylococcus 15 stains(89.2%) and S epidermidis 6strain(35.3%). In B farm, isolated staphylococcus spp were identified as S aureus 19 strains(55.98%) and coagulase negative staphylococcus 15 strains (44.2%). 3. In A fm, antibiotics resistant rate of isolated staphylococcus spp was high at ampicillin, penicillin and kanamycin, and middle at neomycin, streptomycin and erythromycin. in B farm, antibiotics resistant rate was moderate at ampicillin, penicillin, gentamicin, ka-namycin, neomycin, streptomycin, erythromycin and tetracycline, and coagulase negative staphylococcus spp was moderate at streptomycin.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.41-49
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• 1969

The authors made a clinical study of 80 cases of empyema who were diagnosed and treated at department of chest surgery, St. Mary`s Hospital, Chatholic Medical College, during the period of May.l964 through April.1969 and compared the empyema of infant and children with that of adults. 1. In age and sex ditribution, infant was 6 cases, childhood 22 cases and adult 52 cases. The ratio of male to female was 2.2:1. There`s a little difference in infant-childhood but prominence of males over females in adults was being 3. 3:1, in its ratio. 2. The cardinal symptoms were cough [61.3%], fever [60.0%] and dyspnea [52.8%]. The leukocytosis were observed in 83.7% of all cases, 96.2% of infant-childhood and 76.9% of adults. The hemoglobin level showed subnormal in 82.1% of infant-childhood and in 55.8% of adults. 3. Most frequent lesion to predisposing factor of empyema was pneumonia [43.7%],being prominent in infants children [64.3%] to that of adult 4. The Pathogenic organism by culture in 75 cases of empyema were staphylococuss [48%], streptococuss[9.3%], Gram[-] bacilli [9.3%], Klebsiella[2.7%], pneumococcus[4.0%], E. coli [5.4%] and no growth 21.3% in over all. Among the cases of empyema. staphlocal origin was 62.9% in infant-childfood and 39.6% adults. 5. Staphylococci were most susceptible to erythromycin [86. 1%], Kanamycin [75.0%], albamycin [61.7%] and neomycin [52.8%] but most resistant to penicillin, Chtoramphenicol and terramycin. 6. In the treatment of empyema, of 53 cases were closed thoracotomy drainage and the remainder of cases by open thoracotomy, decortication, thoracoplasty and pleuropneumonectomy. we could attain favourable results by only the closed thoracotomy in infant-childhood, 28 cases. 7. The mortality rate was 6.3% in over all; adult 3 cases, infant and children 2 cases. 3 cases of these, were due to staphylococcal infection.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• 제75권2호
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• pp.75-78
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• 2013

Methcillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) has emerged as an important cause of community-acquired infections, which has been recently designated as community-associated (CA) MRSA. Panton-Valentine leukocidin (PVL)-negative multilocus sequence type 72 (ST72)-staphylococcal cassette chromosome mec (SCCmec) type IV has been reported as the predominat CA-MRSA strain in Korea and is commonly associated with skin and soft tissue infections in addition to healthcare-associated pneumonia. However, community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) for this strain has not yet been reported. We hereby report two cases of CAP caused by PVL-negative ST72-SCCmec type IV strain in patients who had no risk factors for MRSA acquisition. While CA-MRSA infections are not yet prevalent in Korea, our cases suggest that CA-MRSA should be considered in cases of severe CAP, especially for cases associated with necrotizing pneumonia.

• 한국축산식품학회지
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.401-414
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• 2020

The emergence and persistence of methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) and methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) in livestock animals have been reported as a potential risk factor for transmission to humans. In this study, we investigated the nationwide prevalence and characteristics of MRSA and MSSA in the Korean beef production system, including retail markets, slaughterhouses, and cattle farms. From a total of 1,285 samples, only 5 MRSA strains were isolated: from a farmer (1 ST72 MRSA), a carcass sample from a slaughterhouse (1 ST72 MRSA), and beef cattle (3 ST5 MRSA). In addition, 11 MSSA strains were isolated from beef cattle (n=3), humans (1 farmer, 1 slaughterhouse worker, and 4 retail market workers), and carcass samples (n=1) and slaughterhouse environment (n=1). Although the prevalence of MRSA and MSSA in beef cattle was much lower than that reported in pigs, 5/5 MRSA and 2/11 MSSA strains displayed multiple drug resistance (MDR) phenotypes. Unlike the swine-associated MRSA, no correlation was found between tetracycline/zinc resistance and MDR phenotype. However, MRSA strains had an identical set of staphylococcal enterotoxins and exhibited enhanced levels of resistance to antimicrobial peptides (PMAP-36 and LL-37) compared to the MSSA strains. In conclusion, continued and systemic surveillance of livestock, meat products, and humans in close contact with livestock/meat products is necessary to prevent the transmission of MRSA and MSSA to humans.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.787-799
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• 1994

To elucidate morphologic lesion of porcine exudative epidermitis which is occurred sporadically in Korea, Staphylococcus hyicus subsp. hyicus isolated from the naturally affected pigs was inoculated to suckling pigs. The infected piglets were observed grossly and histopathologically. Although affected piglets were taking acute, subacute, or chronic course, some piglets suffered from chronic disease showed poor prognosis and marked growth depression. Affected peglets had erythematous skin on the face, ear, and abdomen and these localized lesions appear as brownish spots of exudative epidermitis and fromed crust in the early stage. But, after this stage, the skin were covered by viscous greasy exudate and formed blackish brown crust and appeared fissures and hypertrophy. Grossly, there has been hemorrhage with the removal of crust-like materials of epidermis and edematous subcutis. The superficial lymph nodes were edematous and swollen or congested and hemorrhagic. Some piglets had swollen ureters, cysts in the renal cortex, or polyarthritis. A few cases had mild edematous swelling of kidney, intestinal catarrh and congestion of brain. Microscopically, skin lesions had detachment of keralinized layer and parakeratosis of epidermis, hydropic degeneration of epidermal cell, and retrogressive degeneration of hair root sheath. Dermis had edema, and infiltration of neutrophils and mononuclear cells. As the disease was proceeded, there was marked perivasculitis with lots of mononuclear inflammatory cells. More chronic lesions formed granuloma-like bodies(nodules) due to more mononuclear, perivascular inflammatory cell infiltration and proliferation of fibroblast. Lots of plasma cells and eosinophils were also present in dermis. Epidermis was hyperplastic by proliferation of basal cells stratum germinativum and epidermal pegs often extended into the dermis. In secondary infection, lots of neutrophils could be seen in epidermis and derms. Kidney had neutrophilic infiltration, necrotic and cystic glomeruli, and dilation of renal tubules and ureters. Purulent arthritis was sometimes observed in joints. Three days old mice administrated Staphylococcus hyicus subsp hyicus subcutaneously before had focal congestion and hemorrhage, necrosis, and subcutaneous edema of the skin. This observation was also seen in the study of mice administrated exfoliatin toxin of Staphylococcus which evoked human staphylococcal scalded skin syndrome.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제3권2호
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• pp.131-138
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• 1997

농양진단을 위한 방사성표지화합물의 제조에 관한 기초실험을 수행하였다. IgG를 2-mercaptoethanol로 환원하여 분자당 1.5개의 -SH가 유도된 IgG를 얻을 수 있었다. 이것을 $^{188}$Re과 표지 반응시켜 99%의 높은 표지반응수율로 IgG-$^{188}$Re을 얻었으며, 여기에 인 혈청을 안정제로 가해줌으로써 1시간까지 약 90%의 방사화학적 순도를 유지할 수 있었다. 포도상구균으로 유발한 농양이식 백서에서 IgG-$^{188}$Re의 생체분포실험을 통해 농양의 진단이 가능한 것으로 확인하였다. 이상의 결과를 적용하면 여러 가지 단클론 항체의 $^{188}$Re 표지화합물 제조에 적용할 수 있을 것으로 기대되었다.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제51권12호
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• pp.1368-1371
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• 2008

영아에서의 대상포진은 매우 드문 질환이지만, 자궁 내에서 혹은 출생 후 수두 바이러스에 노출되어 발생할 수 있다. 태생기에는 바이러스에 대한 특이 면역글로불린 수치가 낮으며, 영아기에는 항원에 반응하는 림프구, 자연살해세포, 사이토카인이 적어 바이러스의 잠복기를 유지하기가 어려워, 이 때에 감염되는 경우 생후 1년 이내에 대상포진이 발병하는 것으로 알려져 있다. 저자들은 수두에 이환 되었거나 수두 예방접종을 받았던 적이 없었던 생후 4개월 영아에서 대상포진을 경험하였기에 보고하는 바이다. 환아의 어머니 역시 임신 중 수두에 감염되었거나 노출된 병력이 없었으며 환아는 대상포진에 병발된 포도상구균 감염에 대하여 acyclovir와 1세대 세팔로스포린으로 치료를 받고, 합병증 없이 치료되었다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.28-34
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• 2008

Biofilm formation in association with the intercellular adhesion (icaADBC) gene cluster is a serious problem in nosocomial infections of Staphylococcus aureus. In all 112 S. aureus strains tested, the ica genes were present, and none of these strains formed biofilms. The biofilm formation is known to be changeable by environmental factors. We have found about 30% of phase variation in these strains with treatment of tetracycline, pristinamycin, and natrium chloride. However, this phenotype disappeared without these substances. Therefore, we have constructed stable biofilm-producing variants through a passage culture method. To explain the mechanism of this variation, nucleotide changes of ica genes were tested in strain S. aureus 483 and the biofilm-producing variants. No differences of DNA sequence in ica genes were found between the strains. Additionally, molecular analysis of three regulatory genes, the accessory gene regulator (agr) and the staphylococcal accessory regulator (sarA), and in addition, alternative transcription factor ${\sigma}^B$ (sigB), was performed. The data of Northern blot and complementation showed that SigB plays an important role for this biofilm variation in S. aureus 483 and the biofilm-producing variants. Sequence analysis of the sigB operon indicated three point mutations in the rsbU gene, especially in the stop codon, and two point mutations in the rsbW gene. This study shows that this variation of biofilm formation in S. aureus is deduced by the role of sigB, not agr and sarA.

• Journal of Crop Science and Biotechnology
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.167-174
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• 2007

Spongy Alphonso mangoes were found to be infected with Staphylococcus bacteria. A Gram positive Staphylococcus strain was isolated from spongy pulp and identified from CABI Bioscience, UK, by partial 16S rDNA sequence analysis and by morphological and biochemical characterization through IMTECH, Chandigarh, India. Although identification by both of these methods indicated the organism belonged to same genus, different species names were given. Changes in total phenolics, reducing, and non-reducing sugars, respiration rate, total carotenoids, peroxidase(POX), and catalase activities were monitored during ripening of these fruits. The climacteric rise in spongy fruits was marked by an increase in respiration rate and a decrease in sugar content. Total phenolics content increased in spongy fruits as compared to ripe non-spongy fruits. Development of corky white tissue in spongy fruits was associated with about a 2.5-fold reduction in total carotenoids and a concomitant increase in lipoxygenase-mediated, $\beta$-carotene co-oxidation. A marked decrease in soluble protein content and about a 1.5-fold increase in POX activity was observed. Maximum POX activity was confined to 50-70%$(NH_4)_2SO_4$ fraction. The intense dark bands visible after POX specific substrate staining of the Native gel indicated a high expression of isoenzymes of POX in spongy fruits. Similarly, changes in levels of catalase activity were also observed in spongy fruits. The results suggest that infection of Alphonso mangoes with Staphylococcus bacteria affects the normal ripening processes of the fruit interfering with the carbohydrate and carotenoid metabolism. Also, the studies indicate the expression of POX and catalase enzymes as a plant defense response to microbial invasion.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제61권6호
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• pp.200-204
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• 2018

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease in children. Patients with AD experience a high rate of colonization of the skin surface by Staphylococcus aureus. Because of a skin barrier defect, there is a potential risk of staphylococcal invasive infection in patients with AD. Here, we present 2 cases of breast abscess caused by S. aureus in 2 adolescent girls with severe AD. Methicillin-sensitive S. aureus was identified from the breast abscess material. They were treated with appropriate antibiotics, however surgical drainage of the abscess was needed in case 1. Identical strains were found from the breast abscess material as well as the lesional and the nonlesional skin of the patients through matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight analysis. We characterized the differential abundance of Firmicutes phylum in patients' skin in microbiota analysis. In particular, S. aureus, a member of Firmicutes, differed significantly between the lesional and the normal-appearing skin. Our cases demonstrate the potential severity of bacterial deep tissue infection in AD and the dysbiosis of skin microbiota may be involved in inflammation in AD.