• Journal of the Korean Geographical Society
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• v.48 no.6
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• pp.897-913
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• 2013

The main purpose of the paper is to examine the spatial characteristics of school choice through residential mobility by conducting a correlation analysis on the relationships between the middle schools' entrance rates to special high schools and the elementary schools' net transfer rates. Analyses are done at both the individual school level and the school catchment area level. Prior to the calculation, the two variables involved in the correlation analysis are transformed via a standardization equation, and the standardized scores are mapped and explored. Both the global and local correlation analyses are done for the standardized variables. Main findings are twofold. First, the global correlation analysis reports that there exists a statistically significant correlation between the two variables at both the analytical levels. Second, albeit the prominent positive correlation at the global level, the local analysis reveals the existence of a considerable level of spatial heterogeneity in terms of bivariate association. While several school catchment areas with very high local correlation coefficients (the HH association type) are popped up, other areas with various types of bivariate association including ones even opposite to the global trend are also observed.

• The Journal of Advanced Prosthodontics
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.218-226
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• 2018

PURPOSE. The aim of this study was to define a color space of non-vital teeth and to compare it with the color space of matched vital teeth, recorded in the same patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS. In a group of 218 patients, with the age range from 17 to 70, the middle third of the buccal surface of 359 devitalized teeth was measured using a clinical spectrophotometer (Vita Easyshade Advance). Lightness ($L^*$), chromatic parameters ($a^*$, $b^*$), chroma ($C^*$), hue angle (h) and the closest Vita shade in Classical and 3D Master codifications were recorded. For each patient, the same data were recorded in a vital reference tooth. The measurements were performed by the same operator with the same spectrophotometer, using a standardized protocol for color evaluation. RESULTS. The color coordinates of non-vital teeth varied as follows: lightness $L^*$: 52.83-92.93, $C^*$: 8.23-58.90, h: 51.20-101.53, $a^*$: -2.53-24.80, $b^*$: 8.10-53.43. For the reference vital teeth, the ranges of color parameters were: $L^*$: 60.90-97.16, $C^*$: 8.43-39.23, h: 75.30-101.13, $a^*$: -2.36-9.60, $b^*$: 8.36-39.23. The color differences between vital and non-vital teeth depended on tooth group, but not on patient age. CONCLUSION. Non-vital teeth had a wider color space than vital ones. Non-vital teeth were darker (decreased lightness), more saturated (increased chroma), and with an increased range of the hue interval. An increased tendency towards positive values on the $a^*$ and $b^*$ axes suggested redder and yellower non-vital teeth compared to vital ones.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.463-484
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• 2011

The survey was conducted by Chinese students who currently attend universities for the purpose of evaluating factors that determine the quality of educational services of universities in Korea. Three public universities and five private universities in Kyungsang province were surveyed for the purpose of this study with standardized questionnaires. The study raised questions on four different fronts: 1) Is there a difference in the importance of evaluation factors by Chinese student's on the quality of educational services between public universities and private ones? 2) Is there a difference in the degree of satisfaction felt by Chinese students who attend public universities or private ones? 3) Are there any significant differences in the importance of evaluation factors and satisfaction with the quality of educational services? 4) How different the relative influence of evaluation factors has on satisfaction with the quality of educational services for overall Korean university system? The results of this study showed that there was no statistical difference in signification in the importance of evaluation factors on the quality of educational services between public universities and private universities. Only the relationship factor in criteria four had an effect on satisfaction with quality of educational services between public and private universities. There were significant differences in the importance of evaluation factors and satisfaction with the quality of educational services. Chinese students determined that professor's lectureship as the most important factor, and is the ultimate deciding factor whether they attend a public or private university. It should be noted that studying and knowledge are primary concerns to them. Improvements in the quality of educational services in area of lectureship, physical education facilities, relationship, and administrative services are essential and crucially important for Korean universities in order to attract foreign students and to enhance their competitiveness in the global setting.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.651-664
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• 2019

Objectives: This study surveyed the application of Comprehensive Dental Hygiene Care (CDHC), based on non-surgical periodontal therapy within the educational curricula of Korean universities and examined whether they recognized the need for CDHC. Methods: This study analyzed data from professors of dental hygiene practicum related subjects in 75 Korean universities. The collected data were analyzed using a Chi-square test, a Mann-Whitney U-test, and a Kruskal Wallis test via SPSS (Ver. 21.0). Results: First, the application scope of CDHC was higher in four-year universities than three-year ones with the scope of several characteristics increasing along with enrollment quota. The application scope of dental hygiene plans and actions increased with the number of patient practices in terms of periodontal evaluations. Second, the needs of the dental hygiene courses were more than 4 points in all characteristics. Although four-year universities exhibited higher points than three-year ones, there was no significant difference found except other test. Finally, all universities based their dental hygiene courses on case histories, oral and maxillofacial information, hard tissue modules, periodontal issues, and other tests, with needs also being high. Meanwhile, the application scope of the dental hygiene course evaluations was lowest in all characteristics. Conclusions: There were no significant differences in dental hygiene curricula among the universities. However, highly qualified and standardized educational courses and lectures should be developed by the Korean evaluation center for dental hygiene curricula using various studies as the basis of theory and practical classes, the total number of terms, number of case studies used, number of students per class, ratio of students to professor, and so on.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.103-115
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• 2014

Objectives: The purpose of this survey was to investigate the need for new medical devices based on opinions of members of the Korean medical society. Methods: We distributed two independent questionnaires sequentially over two-week intervals to 16,510 doctors via the Korean Medical Society, and received replies from 888 and 928 doctors, respectively. The survey was carried out through a web-based questionnaire system. The first questionnaire focused on demand for new diagnostic and therapeutic medical devices that are specific for Korean medicine (KM). In contrast, the second questionnaire focused on demand for new hybrid medical devices which are useful both in Western medicine (WM) and KM. Results: In purchase intention of Korean medical devices (KMDs), demand for diagnostic devices was greater than for therapeutic ones. Among diagnostic devices, the purchase intention of 'imaging devices' ranked the highest and was followed by 'musculoskeletal diagnostic devices'. Among therapeutic KMDs, the purchase intention of 'musculoskeletal treatment devices' ranked the highest, followed by 'cranial nerve rehabilitation devices'. In the purchase intention of hybrid medical devices that can be used both in WM and KM, 'ultrasonic-based medical device' ranked the highest, followed by 'MRI-based medical device'. Conclusions: There is increasing demand for clinically useful medical devices among Korean medical doctors. Within demand for new devices, hybrid devices that can be used in both WM and KM were most strongly desired. This survey will be useful in establishing strategic plans for the development of medical devices in KM. Keywords: Korean medicine, medical device, demand survey, questionnaire.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2015.08a
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• pp.55-55
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• 2015

Today, engineers are facing new set of challenges that are quite different from the conventional ones. Information technologies are rapidly commoditizing while the paths beyond the current roadmaps became uncertain as various technologies have been pushed to their limits. Along with these changes in IT ecosystems, grand challenges such as global security, health, sustainability, and energy increasingly require trans-disciplinary solutions that go beyond the traditional arenas in STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics). Addressing these needs is shifting engineering education and research to a new paradigm where the emphasis is placed on the consilience for holistic and system level understanding and the convergence of technology with AHSD (arts, humanities, social science, and design). At the center of this evolutionary convergence, nanotechnologies are enabling novel functionalities such as bio-compatibility, flexibility, low power, and sustainability while on a mission to meet scalability and low cost for smart electronics, u-health, sensing networks, and self-sustainable energy systems. This talk introduces the efforts of convergence based on the emerging nano technology tool sets in the newly launched School of Integrated Technology and the Yonsei Institute of Convergence Technology at Yonsei International Campus. While the conventional devices have largely depended upon the inherent material properties, the newer devices are enabled by nanoscale dimensions and structures in increasingly standardized and scalable fabrication platform. Localized surface plasmon resonance in 0 dimensional nano particles and structures leads to subwavelength confinement and enhanced near-field interactions enabling novel field of metal photonics for sensing and integrated photonic applications [1,2]. Unique properties offered by 1 dimensional nanowires and 2 dimensional materials and structures can enable novel electronic, photonic, nano-bio, and biomimetic applications [3-5]. These novel functionalities offered by the emerging nanotechnologies are continuously finding pathways to be part of smart systems to improve the overall quality of life.

• Journal of the Korea Concrete Institute
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.559-567
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• 2011

Recently, many researches on high strength reinforcing steel have been conducted to construct optimum reinforced concrete structures. However, the studies have shown that high strength steel shows less elongation capacity than normal strength steel. Therefore, high strength reinforcing steel may not satisfy the minimum elongation requirement of current standards. Moreover, elongation measurements may be not standardized ones since each standard has its own requirements for minimum elongation and gage length. Therefore, the standards for reinforcing steel testing must be investigated to verify the validity of Korean Standard D 3504. This research aimed to compare the requirements for minimum elongation and gage length of the Korean, American, Japanese, European, and ISO Standards. Then, the study further investigated accuracy of the standards by tensile test of reinforcing steel. The study results showed that the Korean Standard has the strictest requirement. Based on the study results, the authors proposed modified minimum elongation requirements for general reinforcing steel and new requirements for seismic reinforcing steel.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.81-87
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to analyze the problem of confusing the names of Chinese granite used in Korean construction work and suggest the improvement plans for them. Interviews of the experts from the stone company, studies on the existing research literature, and analyses of construction work documents of the 23 construction works which used Chinese granite were carried out to analyze the real condition of name confusion of granite stone. In the analytical result of the real condition, name confusion was classified into 4 types and problems derived from it were done into 4 ones. An additional survey was carried out targeting 34 masonry experts to draw the improvement plans based on the analytical results of the real condition of name confusion. The results show that the most fundamental solution is to continue to make efforts to use exact names when main agents related to construction works communicate with each other regarding Chinese granite stone and the process to make out construction contract documents.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.87-94
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• 2015

To analyze the space features of small-sized detached houses, this study has compared the floor plan types of detached houses and apartments. Currently small-sized detached houses are popular in Korea. The comparative analysis was focused on common residential patterns and the apartment plan. The results of space syntax were summarized as follows: four types of apartments and twelve types of small-sized detached houses were deduced by the relative spatial depth analysis. Among the sixty-seven house samples, only two of them showed the same pattern as those of apartments, which showed that each room of detached houses had distinct difference with those of apartments. According to the integration and control analysis, each space of apartments showed difference within narrow range, while the space of detached housed showed difference within wide range. In addition, the detached houses showed distinct relations between the center of space and the surroundings, and there are distinct differences between the easier layouts for access rooms and difficult ones. Moreover, the living rooms of detached houses somewhat exist under the low integration condition, and they cannot be standardized in the center of house, which are different with those of apartments. The master bedrooms of detached houses exit at the surrounding space same as those of apartments. Nevertheless the toilet is in the master bedroom which made its control lower than those of apartments.

• Journal of Korean Library and Information Science Society
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• v.7
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• pp.177-206
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• 1980

Public library legislation is the essential means of providing for all the citizen in modern society with a standard public library service. We can trace the origin of that back to the Public Libraries Act 1850 in England. This paper is reviewing all the measures concerning public libraries of England since then in order to find out some guidelines for revision of the Korean Library Law enacted in 1963. Although Public Libraries Act 1850 was an output of a series of social reform movement in the 19th century, it established first the provision of public library service su n.0, pported by public funds. However the Act had several restrictions hindering public library service from making progress. These are: 1. Adoptive legislation in nature 2. Limitation of the size of population and rate income 3. Small library authorities 4. Procedure for adoption by public meeting 5. Restrictions on the ways in which rate income might be spent 6. No governmental organization to direct or control for a standardized public library service 7. No cooperative schemes among libraries. Subsequent development was directed largely to removal of those limitations. The present Public Libraries Act 1964 as a model of public library legislation was enacted on the basis of such reports as Kenyon, McColvin, Roberts, and Bourdillon. All but the problem of small library authorities were removed with this new Act. The final object could be achieved by the Local Government Act 1974 which reorganized existing 383 small authorities into new 115 ones the average population of which was 280, 000. Now, McColvin's dream of 30 years could be fulfilled in the late 70's. He argued that the minimum size of population of a viable authority should be 300, 000. Although the effect of the 1964 Act on the development of public library services in England was great, there must be some considerations as to the provisions of public library objective, government funding for library services, free use of library materials to all regardless of residence, and placement of library committee within the authority.