• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.46 no.4
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• pp.53.1-53.11
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• 2021

Objectives: This study evaluates the bond strength and marginal adaptation of mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) Repair HP and Biodentine used as apical plugs; MTA was used as reference material for comparison. Materials and Methods: A total of 30 single-rooted teeth with standardized, artificially created open apices were randomly divided into 3 groups (n = 10 per group), according to the material used to form 6-mm-thick apical plugs: group 1 (MTA Repair HP); group 2 (Biodentine); and group 3 (white MTA). Subsequently, the specimens were transversely sectioned to obtain 2 (cervical and apical) 2.5-mm-thick slices per root. Epoxy resin replicas were observed under a scanning electron microscope to measure the gap size at the material/dentin interface (the largest and smaller gaps were recorded for each replica). The bond strength of the investigated materials to dentin was determined using the push-out test. The variable bond strengths and gap sizes were evaluated independently at the apical and cervical root dentin slices. Data were analyzed using descriptive and analytic statistics. Results: The comparison between the groups regarding the variables' bond strengths and gap sizes showed no statistical difference (p > 0.05) except for a single difference in the smallest gap at the cervical root dentin slice, which was higher in group 3 than in group 1 (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The bond strength and marginal adaptation to root canal walls of MTA HP and Biodentine cement were comparable to white MTA.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.104-110
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• 2023

In the user-centered design paradigm, information systems are created entirely tailored to the users who will use them. When the functions of a complex system meet a simple user interface, users can use the system conveniently. While web personalization services are emerging as a major trend in portal services, portal companies are competing for a second service, such as introducing 'integrated communication platforms'. Until now, the role of the portal has been content and search, but this time, the goal is to create and provide the personalized services that users want through a single platform. Personalization service is a login-based cloud computing service. It has the characteristic of being able to enjoy the same experience at any time in any space with internet access. Personalized web services like this have the advantage of attracting highly loyal users, making them a new service trend that portal companies are paying attention to. Researchers spend a lot of time collecting research-related information by accessing multiple information sources. There is a need to automatically build interest information profiles for each researcher based on personal presentation materials (papers, research projects, patents). There is a need to provide an advanced customized information service that regularly provides the latest information matched with various information sources. Continuous modification and supplementation of each researcher's information profile of interest is the most important factor in increasing suitability when searching for information. As researchers' interest in unstructured information such as technology markets and research trends is gradually increasing from standardized academic information such as patents, it is necessary to expand information sources such as cutting-edge technology markets and research trends. Through this, it is possible to shorten the time required to search and obtain the latest information for research purposes. The interest information profile for each researcher that has already been established can be used in the future to determine the degree of relationship between researchers and to build a database. If this customized information service continues to be provided, it will be useful for research activities.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.187-192
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• 2023

The United States (US) National Science Foundation's (NSF's) National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON) is a continental-scale observation facility, constructed and operated by Battelle, that collects long-term ecological data to better understand and forecast how US ecosystems are changing. All data and samples are collected using standardized methods at 81 field sites across the US and are freely and openly available through the NEON data portal, application programming interface (API), and the NEON Biorepository. NSF led a decade-long design process with the research community, including numerous workshops to inform the key features of NEON, culminating in a formal final design review with an expert panel in 2009. The NEON construction phase began in 2012 and was completed in May 2019, when the observatory began the full operations phase. Full operations are defined as all 81 NEON sites completely built and fully operational, with data being collected using instrumented and observational methods. The intent of the NSF is for NEON operations to continue over a 30-year period. Each challenge encountered, problem solved, and risk realized on NEON offers up lessons learned for constructing and operating distributed ecological data collection infrastructure and data networks. NEON's construction phase included offices, labs, towers, aquatic instrumentation, terrestrial sampling plots, permits, development and testing of the instrumentation and associated cyberinfrastructure, and the development of community-supported collection plans. Although colocation of some sites with existing research sites and use of mostly "off the shelf" instrumentation was part of the design, successful completion of the construction phase required the development of new technologies and software for collecting and processing the hundreds of samples and 5.6 billion data records a day produced across NEON. Continued operation of NEON involves reexamining the decisions made in the past and using the input of the scientific community to evolve, upgrade, and improve data collection and resiliency at the field sites. Successes to date include improvements in flexibility and resilience for aquatic infrastructure designs, improved engagement with the scientific community that uses NEON data, and enhanced methods to deal with obsolescence of the instrumentation and infrastructure across the observatory.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.19-25
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• 2017

In the reality that the use of the web is becoming commonplace, the general people are complaining about the inconvenience because they are not standardized when using the web site. Especially, the disabled people such as the social underprivileged classes people suffer from the inconvenience due to the web site that is not accessible. The purpose of this study is to conduct an authentication audit to obtain web accessibility certification mark on the homepage of a specific public institution. Through these practical cases, it is possible to improve the recognition of web accessibility by practitioners or managers, And suggest ways to improve the Aging existing public institution web sites. Although there are a lot of existing literature and previous researches, it is still not being newly produced because of lack of awareness of web accessibility, As a result, the users who access the web site of the public institution for the first time are much inconvenienced. In order to solve this problem, this paper compares the Korean web content accessibility guideline 2.1, revised in April 2015, and verified the effectiveness of the guidelines through web accessibility evaluation of specific public institution sites.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartA
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• v.10A no.5
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• pp.529-538
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• 2003

The speedy development of the world-wide web is rapidly growing the internet-based tools for the remote instruction. In interchanging and expressing the information of one another on the web, it is produced through the form of HTML(Hyoertext Text Markup Language). However, the structural disadvantage of the HTML is becoming to require a powerful XML(eXtensible Markup Language) which can store all the sphere of data, and transform them into another form. Nevertheless, because the powerful XML(eXtensible Markup Language). However necessary that XML standard should be applied appropriately. Because existing lecture data of cyber education sites cannot be shared, the users should passively use only the functions offered by cyber school. To solve the problem of this limit, in this study, the standardized data structure for XML is defined, and system model for processing between the server and the client is provided. By storing the lecture data of cyber education sites as XML on the web, stored data came to be reused without changing on any site. In the view of Users, they could used the Internet service with equipment that they want at any place and any time. To control any kinds of CK\LMS(Cyber Lecture Management System) for Administrator and Users, we offered a variety of Multimedia applications and an easy interface and built a new style of CLMS. Therefore, by strong and extracting the data related with the virtual education of the secondary school through the form of XML, for the effective interchange and sharing of the information, maximum utilization of the information can be achieved.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.10D no.2
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• pp.233-246
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• 2003

The mediator-based system integrates heterogeneous information systems with the flexible manner. But it does not give much attention on the query optimization issues, especially for the query reusing. The other thing is that it does not use standardized metadata for schema matching. To improve this two issues, we propose mediator-based Distributed Information Integration System (DIIS) which uses query caching regarding performance and uses ISO/IEC 11179 metadata registry in terms of standardization. The DIIS is designed to provide decision-making support, which logically integrates the distributed heterogeneous business information systems based on the Web environment. We designed the system in the aspect of three-layer expression formula architecture using the layered pattern to improve the system reusability and to facilitate the system maintenance. The functionality and flow of core components of three-layer architecture are expressed in terms of process line diagrams and assembly line diagrams of Eriksson Penker Extension Model (EPEM), a methodology of an extension of UML. For the implementation, Supply Chain Management (SCM) domain is used. And we used the Web-based environment for user interface. The DIIS supports functions of query caching and query reusability through Query Function Manager (QFM) and Query Function Repository (QFR) such that it enhances the query processing speed and query reusability by caching the frequently used queries and optimizing the query cost. The DIIS solves the diverse heterogeneity problems by mapping MetaData Registry (MDR) based on ISO/IEC 11179 and Schema Repository (SCR).

• Journal of the Korean BIBLIA Society for library and Information Science
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• v.32 no.1
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• pp.391-413
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• 2021

Policy study information is the essential source of information in every step of decision making process to plan, execute and assess the national operation policy. The policy study subject of a national policy research center from study design the performance assessment on its practical effect is managed via thorough process to secure its effectiveness and efficiency. However, the directly exposed information to the practical user or the public who are in need of actual policy study information is the resource published in a form of policy study report, the final result. NKIS operated by the National Research Council for Economics, Humanities and Social Sciences under the Office for Government Policy Coordination, Prime Minister's Secretariat is a public information offering service that conduct integrated management on study reports from cooperative study among institutes along with policy outcome from 27 national policy research centers. This study aims to introduce the current status of operation and information management of NKIS, apprehend the management characteristics of policy study information resources of national policy research center, and deduce remarks that need to be considered for API with external service for the derivation of standardized sharing data element.

• The Journal of Korea Institute of Information, Electronics, and Communication Technology
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.56-61
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• 2022

In this paper, we classify and present AI algorithms and natural language processing methods used in chatbots. A framework that can be used to implement a chatbot is also described. A chatbot is a system with a structure that interprets the input string by constructing the user interface in a conversational manner and selects an appropriate answer to the input string from the learned data and outputs it. However, training is required to generate an appropriate set of answers to a question and hardware with considerable computational power is required. Therefore, there is a limit to the practice of not only developing companies but also students learning AI development. Currently, chatbots are replacing the existing traditional tasks, and a practice course to understand and implement the system is required. RNN and Char-CNN are used to increase the accuracy of answering questions by learning unstructured data by applying technologies such as deep learning beyond the level of responding only to standardized data. In order to implement a chatbot, it is necessary to understand such a theory. In addition, the students presented examples of implementation of the entire system by utilizing the methods that can be used for coding education and the platform where existing developers and students can implement chatbots.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.9 no.6
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• pp.861-866
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• 2023

Individuals with visual impairments face difficulties in accessing accurate information about medical services and medications, making it challenging for them to ensure proper medication intake. While there are healthcare laws addressing this issue, there is a lack of standardized solutions, and not all over-the-counter medications are covered. Therefore, we have undertaken the design of a mobile application that utilizes image recognition technology, barcode scanning, and QR code recognition to provide guidance on how to take over-the-counter medications, filling the existing gaps in the knowledge of visually impaired individuals. Currently available applications for individuals with visual impairments allow them to access information about medications. However, they still require the user to remember which specific medication they are taking, posing a significant challenge. In this research, we are optimizing the camera capture environment, user interface (UI), and user experience (UX) screens for image recognition, ensuring greater accessibility and convenience for visually impaired individuals. By implementing the findings from our research into the application, we aim to assist visually impaired individuals in acquiring the correct methods for taking over-the-counter medications.

• Korean Journal of Radiology
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• v.22 no.8
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• pp.1323-1331
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• 2021

Objective: To identify the association between renal tumor complexity and pathologic renal sinus invasion (RSI) and evaluate the usefulness of computed tomography tumor features for predicting RSI in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC). Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included 276 consecutive patients who underwent radical nephrectomy for RCC with a size of ≤ 7 cm between January 2014 and October 2017. Tumor complexity and anatomical renal sinus involvement were evaluated using two standardized scoring systems: the radius (R), exophytic or endophytic (E), nearness to collecting system or sinus (N), anterior or posterior (A), and location relative to polar lines (RENAL) nephrometry and preoperative aspects and dimensions used for anatomical classification (PADUA) system. CT-based tumor features, including shape, enhancement pattern, margin at the interface of the renal sinus (smooth vs. non-smooth), and finger-like projection of the mass, were also assessed by two independent radiologists. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses were performed to identify significant predictors of RSI. The positive predictive value, negative predictive value (NPV), accuracy of anatomical renal sinus involvement, and tumor features were evaluated. Results: Eighty-one of 276 patients (29.3%) demonstrated RSI. Among highly complex tumors (RENAL or PADUA score ≥ 10), the frequencies of RSI were 42.4% (39/92) and 38.0% (71/187) using RENAL and PADUA scores, respectively. Multivariable analysis showed that a non-smooth margin and the presence of a finger-like projection were significant predictors of RSI. Anatomical renal sinus involvement showed high NPVs (91.7% and 95.2%) but low accuracy (40.2% and 43.1%) for RSI, whereas the presence of a non-smooth margin or finger-like projection demonstrated comparably high NPVs (90.0% and 91.3% for both readers) and improved accuracy (67.0% and 73.9%, respectively). Conclusion: A non-smooth margin or the presence of a finger-like projection can be used as a preoperative CT-based tumor feature for predicting RSI in patients with RCC.