• Proceeding of Spring/Autumn Annual Conference of KHA
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• 2000.11b
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• pp.85-89
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• 2000

After 1980's, the progress in quantities of apartments were made by the housing construction expediting policies. But, the qualities of apartments were neglected and the plan of apartments were uniformed by the economical aspects. Apartment unit plans were designed standardized by the reasons of economical efficiency, structural methods and sales. Therefore apartments could not deal effectively with increasing demands for qualities of the residents. Absence of aesthetical values and fixed unit plans on regardless of the residents family compositions and the size of the apartments were occurred. So the new types of the apartment plans are needed to suit the changes and diversities of living. The purpose of this study is to extract the design factors for future apartment by analyzing the unit plans of apartment housings today.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Systems Engineering
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.57-64
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• 2014

We propose a methodology to automatically extract the requirements from the documents and check the traceability between them. The documents include not only the text file but also PDF or image files. We also suggest a method to visualize the result with maps, numbers, and graphs. By comparing the results with those of expert reviews, we show that it is necessary to use knowledge-based method in future instead of the word-based method for improving the reliability. The results give more values when they are applied in already existing documents than those of newly developed product.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.583-590
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• 2012

In this paper, we present a new approach for speaker diarization. First, we use the prosodic information calculated on the original speech to resynthesize the new speech data utilizing the spectrum modeling technique. The resynthesized data is modeled with sinusoids based on pitch, vibration amplitude, and phase bias. Then, we use the resynthesized speech data to extract cepstral features and integrate them with the cepstral features from original speech for speaker diarization. At last, we show how the two streams of cepstral features can be combined to improve the robustness of speaker diarization. Experiments carried out on the standardized datasets (the US National Institute of Standards and Technology Rich Transcription 04-S multiple distant microphone conditions) show a significant improvement in diarization error rate compared to the system based on only the feature stream from original speech.

• Korean Journal of Computational Design and Engineering
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• v.20 no.4
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• pp.328-336
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• 2015

We proposed a methodology to automatically extract the requirements from the documents and check the consistency and traceability among them. The documents include not only text but also PDF or image files. We also suggest a method to visualize the result with maps, numbers, and graphs. By comparing the results with those of manual reviews from experts, we show that it is necessary to use knowledge-based method in future instead of the wordbased method for improving the reliability. The results can be applied effectively for already existing documents.

• Speech Sciences
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.7-18
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• 2006

An aphasia screening test can serve a main purpose of differentiating aphasics from non-aphasic patients in a quick as well as efficient manner. As a preliminary study for developing a standardized aphasia screening test for Korean patients, we constructed an aphasia screening test constituting items from the Paradise' Korean version-the Western Aphasia Battery(P K-WAB). All test items were analyzed in order to extract items with optimal item discrimination and adequate item difficulty indices. From the results, we were able to select some items from each subtest with optimal results of discriminant function analysis for aphasic and normal control groups. It is expected, thus, that information on the item analysis could be utilized in developing a Korean aphasia screening test.

• Natural Product Sciences
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.68-77
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• 2021

Silymarin is a standardized extract obtained from the seeds and fruits of Silybum marianum L., or commonly called milk thistle, a member of Carduus marianum family that contains mix of flavonolignans. Some epidemiological and preclinical studies revealed that S. marianum L. has been used for herbal remedies for centuries for its pharmacological activity. In this review, pharmacological studies in vitro and in vivo of silymarin are discussed thoroughly stressing on antioxidant, antimicrobial, antiviral, and anti-carcinogenic aspects of silymarin. In addition, the protective influences of silymarin on some organs such as heart, liver, bone, and neuron tissue are reviewed as well. This review would be useful for further study regarding the potential of natural plant, notably silymarin, and its therapeutic potential in the prevention and treatment of diseases.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.1-6
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• 2023

This study tried to analyze the keywords of the papers published in the Korea Safety Management Science by using the social network analysis. In order to extract the keywords, information on journal articles published from 2018 to 2021 was extracted from the SCIENCE ON. Among the keywords extracted from a total of 129 papers, the keywords with similar meanings were standardized. The keywords used in the same paper were visualized by connecting them through a network. Four centrality indicators of the social network analysis were used to analyze the effect of the keyword. Safety, Safety management, Apartment, Fire hose, SMEs, Virtual reality, Machine learning, Waterproof time, R&D capability, and Job crafting were selected as the keywords analyzed with high influence in the four centrality indicators.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.29 no.7 s.144
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• pp.959-967
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• 2005

The color of apparels has the interaction of the face skin colors of the wearers. This study was carried out to classify the face skin colors of Korean males into several similar face skin colors in order to extract favorable colors which flatter to their face skin colors. The criterion that select the new subjects who have the classified face skin colors have to be decided. With color spectrometer, JX-777, face skin colors of subjects were measured quantitatively and classified into three clusters that had similar hue, value and chroma with Munsell Color System. Sample size was 418 Korean males and other 15 of new males subjects. Data were analyzed by K-means cluster analysis, ANOVA, Duncan multiple range test, Stepwise discriminant analysis using SPSS Win. 12. Findings were as follows: 1. 418 subjects who have YR colors were clustered into 3 kinds of face skin color groups. 2. Discriminant variables of face skin colors was 4 variables : L value of forehead, v value of cheek, c value of forehead, and b value of cheek from standardized canonical discriminant function coefficient 1 and c value of forehead, L value of forehead, b value of cheek. and L value of cheek from standardized canonical discriminant function coefficient 2. 3. Hit ratio of type 1 was $92.3\%$, of type 2 was $96.5\%$ and of type 3 was $92.6\%$ by the canonical discriminant function of 4 variables. 4. The canonical discriminant function equation 1 and 2 were calculated with the unstandardized canonical discriminant function coefficient and constant, the cutting score, and range of the score were computed. 5. The criterion that select the new subjects who have the classified face skin colors was decided.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.70-75
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• 2018

Objective: Diseases of the respiratory system are one of the main causes of death and include situation such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, pneumonia or asthma. Medicinal plants have beneficial effects on multiple diseases include respiratory disorders like asthma and bronchitis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of U. dioica and L. Album on tracheal smooth muscle contraction. Material and methods: Hydroalcoholic extracts of L. Album and U. Dioica aerial parts were prepared by maceration method and standardized based on their total phenol content. The effect of the extracts on the KCl-induced contraction of rat trachea was examined in an organ bath chamber. Data was analyzed with spss software 22. Results: The extract of L. Album (5 mg/ml), similar to theophylline (20 mM), significantly reduced the KCl-induced tracheal contraction. On the other hand, U. Dioica (1 mg/ml and 5 mg/ml) augmented the KCl-induced contraction. Conclusion: The relaxant effect of L. Album on the trachea makes it as a candidate for the managing patients with asthma and obstructive pulmonary diseases. But because of U. Dioica potential constrictive effect on the trachea it is suggested that patients avoid consuming it.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.6-11
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• 2016

Background: A permit to work (PTW) is a formal written system to control certain types of work which are identified as potentially hazardous. However, human error in PTW processes can lead to an accident. Methods: This cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted to estimate the probability of human errors in PTWprocesses in a chemical plant in Iran. In the first stage, through interviewing the personnel and studying the procedure in the plant, the PTW process was analyzed using the hierarchical task analysis technique. In doing so, PTWwas considered as a goal and detailed tasks to achieve the goal were analyzed. In the next step, the standardized plant analysis risk-human (SPAR-H) reliability analysis method was applied for estimation of human error probability. Results: The mean probability of human error in the PTW system was estimated to be 0.11. The highest probability of human error in the PTW process was related to flammable gas testing (50.7%). Conclusion: The SPAR-H method applied in this study could analyze and quantify the potential human errors and extract the required measures for reducing the error probabilities in PTW system. Some suggestions to reduce the likelihood of errors, especially in the field of modifying the performance shaping factors and dependencies among tasks are provided.