• Journal of the Korean Institute of Rural Architecture
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.17-24
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• 2011

This research is according to the a future-oriented strategy, low-carbon green growth, and it is a basic research for dissemination of rural housing standard plan. Through the survey of plans use, we look at ways to rural housing standard plan use and then needed to establish measures for this. Looking at the type of used plans, we can find several points. One of them, 19 kinds of rural housing standard plans were used among the 61 total cases. Almost all change the plan, the reasons is different for the condition of the land, such as site conditions, family members, personal preferences, house color or material. A few cases have been constructed as rural housing standard plans, but rural housing standard plans are important data for the rural resident to determine plans, and it has an important role in the rural housing design process. Common features of the many rural houses is concrete structure, two stories, and construction period is two to three months. Land area is $300m^2$ to $600m^2$, building area is $71m^2-110m^2$. Heating system is an oil boiler.

• Journal of Korean Critical Care Nursing
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.49-60
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• 2012

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore health care workers awareness and performance of standard precautions. Methods: Participants were 296 health care workers including nurses, physicians, and medical technicians. Awareness and performance of standard precautions were measured with 4-point Likert scales. The data were analyzed with t-tests and one-way ANOVA by using SPSS 18.0. Results: The mean scores of awareness were 3.72 in nurses, 3.62 in physicians, and 3.47 in medical technicians. There was a significant difference of awareness by occupational classification (F=12.39, p<.001). The mean scores of performance of standard precautions were 3.45 in nurses, 3.19 in physicians, and 3.23 in medical technicians. There was a significant difference of performance by occupational classification (F=10.98, p<.001). In addition, the score of performance of standard precautions was significantly lower than that of awareness (t=11.89, p<.001). Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that awareness and performance of standard precautions were different by occupational classification. To improve performance of standard precautions in hospitals, it is necessary to provide a distinct infection control program by occupational classification.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.31-38
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• 2020

Purpose: The ramp is an important facility for the barrier free access and vertical circulation of users of various buildings, including users of walker, wheelchair users, stroller users, and baggage carriers. The installation standards for ramps in Korea have various problems during construction and BF certification. It is necessary to improve the criteria for ensuring practical mobility and safety. Method: Korean standard, International Standard(ISO 21542, 2011), German Standard(DIN 18040-1, 2010), Austrian Standard(OENORM B 1600, 2017), Swiss Standard(Norm SIA 500, 2009), Canadian Standard(Building Standards Guide, 2017), American Standard(ADA Standards, 2010) were investigated and analyzed. A comprehensive improvement of the ramp installation standards is proposed. Results: The ramp is a necessary facility for the barrier free access and vertical circulation of the disabled. It shall be installed with comprehensive consideration of the appropriate slope of the ramp, the distance of the continuous slope, the handle and upstand for pedestrian safety. In order to improve convenience, setting the proper slope and limiting the length of the slope are very important, and improvements are required to the levels presented by international and foreign standards. The unclear standards of Korean law and BF certification standards should be clearly improved so as not to be misinterpreted in construction and Barrier Free Certification. Implication: International and foreign standards should be reviewed to ensure practical mobility and safety. And comprehensive improvement measures should be presented through continuous research.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.23 no.12
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• pp.1117-1126
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• 2013

The standard impact sources, standardized to rate the sound insulation performance of floor structure, should simulate well the real floor impact sources, which is very important to grade the floor structure then to establish counter plan to improve the performance of floor. Recently the tire, the standard heavyweight impact source, has been discussed that the impact force is too big to represent the real impact force. And researches have been carried on the applicability as a substitute or a supplementary. In addition, tapping machine, the standard lightweight impact source, is also questionable if it is representative of real lightweight impact source. This study aims to examine the similarity of standard impact sources with living impact sources, comparing the physical characteristics such as impact force, frequency contents and sound level. The result showed that the physical characteristics of standard impact sounds were somewhat different with that of living impact sounds, and the standard sources couldn't be verified from this result. Later subjective evaluation should be followed to compare how the physical differences make relationship with the subjective differences.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.54 no.2
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• pp.121-133
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• 2004

This study is about japanese national suit. women's standard dress, and mompe, which were used as a means of controlling people's life and simplifying people's clothing during the chinese-japanese war(1937) and the pacific war(1941-1945). National suit was a semi-military uniform for men and it was the western style suit composed of jacket, under shirt, and pants. National suit was not popular during the early war, but it became popular afterward. Women's standard dress had the two kinds of styles : the kimono and the western style. Women's standard dress was not popularly distributed. Instead, many japanese women wore mompe, the active wear of standard dress. Almost all of japanese women wore mompe by the end of war because of its practical use. The effects of national suit, standard dress, and mompe on the rapid westernization of postwar japanese clothing can be summarized as follows. First, national suit and standard dress contributed to the official acceptance of the western clothes as japanese daily clothes. Second, national suit, standard dress, and mompe changed the traditional view of japanese on clothing and caused the rapid westernization of japanese clothing with the high emphasis on the practical and functional use of clothing. Especially, as japanese women wore mompe as the outer garment, mompe affected the view of japanese on women's body and it served as an important stimulus to speed the westernization of japanese women's clothing.

• Journal of Korean society of Dental Hygiene
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.61-67
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• 2016

Objectives: The purpose of the study is to investigate the knowledge of the dental health insurance standard of elderly denture in the dental hygienists. Methods: A self-reported questionnaire was completed by 183 dental hygienists in Busan and Gyeongnam. The questionnaire consisted of general profiles of the subjects(11 items) and 10 items of the dental health insurance standard of the elderly denture including subject of spplication, application method, calculation of range, and temporary denture. Each question was measure by Likert 5 points scale. Cronbach's alpha was 0.936 in the study. The data were analyzed using SPSS 20.0 program. Results: The knowledge of the dental health insurance standard on the elderly denture in the dental hygienists was high in cognition of the renewed standard change(p<0.001), individual career(p<0.05), and recognition of the current standard(p<0.05). Conclusions: It is continuously necessary to inform the dental hygienists of the knowledge of dental health insurance standard. The web-based program for the dental health insurance education should be provided continuously for the dental hygienists.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.1-9
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• 2012

According to the agreement on WTO/TBT, we are under the situation to adopt international standard (ISO standard) as a national standard if it exists. However, in case of environmental area, it is a domestic legal obligation to use Korean environmental standard method(KESM) for analyzing various contaminants. Therefore it is necessary to assess the comparability between KEM and ISO standard prior to apply ISO standard to soil conservation law in Korea. The main purpose of this study is to assess the comparability of both methods for analyzing heavy metals in soil. We looked over various aspects like pre-treatment, calibration curve range, detection wavelength, soil organic matter content and so on. Apparently, the procedure of both methods is almost same. However in details, both methods are different in stationary time before aqua-regia extraction using reflux system, calibration curve range for Cu, Pb, Ni and measuring wavelength for Pb. According to the results of comparison test, the results were significantly different when the different calibration range was used. In case that all the extracts independent of methods were reanalyzed with the same calibration range of each method, both methods showed statistically same results. Other conditions like different stationary time, measuring wavelength of AAS and soil organic matter content did not have any influence on the analytical result. Therefore, we suggest to extend the calibration curve range to 0~8 mg/L which is used in KS I ISO standard(Korean standard related with environment which is translation version of ISO standard without any technical change). In case of $Cr^{6+}$, the results showed no significant differences between two methods even though the pretreatment, instrumentation and other analysis conditions were different. In addition to UV/Visble spectrometry of KESM for soil contamination, we suggest to adopt ion chromatography of ISO 15192(US EPA method 7199) for analyzing $Cr^{6+}$ with the consideration of laboratory work efficiency.

• IE interfaces
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.91-101
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• 1993

Developed in this paper is a standard time data for shirt sewing operations in the apparel-making industry. Since this data is made of formula developed for each unit operation and includes the formula for the machine time calculation, users could use it for obtaining the normal or standard time without any special efforts. In addition, this data handles the variations due to the design changes of a shirt through the parameters in the formula. compared with the MTM-1. The standard time data developed is shown to be easier and faster in determining the standard time with acceptable accuracy.

• MALSORI
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• no.50
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• pp.23-39
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• 2004

Current 'Pronunciation Methods of Standard Korean(PMSK)' has several problems. Some of those are from conflicts with linguistic reality, and the rest are from their internal inconsistencies. So, we feel that it should be revised as soon as possible. But it seems that the revision is not the best way, because linguistic change will make us revise it continually. The only way to establish its reasonable alternative is that we should update our descriptive dictionary whenever we need to.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.7-14
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• 2008

In this study, four alternatives for the arrangement of Korean alphabets on computer keyboards are developed and analyzed to find the better design than the KS(Korean Standard) keyboard. Among the developed four modified models MOD 1 to MOD4, we suggest MOD3 as the best design which incorporates the keys usage frequencies and the compatibility of present standard.