• 한국초전도ㆍ저온공학회논문지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.55-58
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• 2016

Quench Detection System (QDS) is essential to guarantee the stable operation of the Korea Superconducting Tokamak Advanced Research (KSTAR) Poloidal Field (PF) magnet system because the stored energy in the magnet system is very large. For the fast response, voltage-based QDS has been used. Co-wound voltage sensors and balanced bridge circuits were applied to eliminate the inductive voltages generated during the plasma operation. However, as the inductive voltages are hundreds times higher than the quench detection voltage during the pulse-current operation, Central Difference Averaging (CDA) and MIK, where I and K stand for mutual coupling indexes of different circuits, which is an active cancellation of mutually generated voltages have been suggested and studied. In this paper, the CDA and MIK technique were applied to the KSTAR magnet for PF magnet quench detection. The calculated inductive voltages from the MIK and measured voltages from the CDA circuits were compared to eliminate the inductive voltages at result signals.

• BMB Reports
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.126-131
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• 2008

The folding of aptamer immobilized on an Au electrode was successfully detected using label-free electrochemical methods. A thrombin binding DNA aptamer was used as a model system in the presence of various monovalent cations. Impedance spectra showed that the extent to which monovalent cations assist in folding of aptamer is ordered as $K^+$ > $NH_4^+$ > $Na^+$ > $Cs^+$. Our XPS analysis also showed that $K^+$ and $NH_4^+$ caused a conformational change of the aptamer in which it forms a stable complex with these monovalent ions. Impedance results for the interaction between aptamer and thrombin indicated that thrombin interacts more with folded aptamer than with unfolded aptamer. The EQCM technique provided a quantitative analysis of these results. In particular, the present impedance results showed that thrombin participates a folding of aptamer to some extent, and XPS analysis confirmed that thrombin stabilizes and induces the folding of aptamer.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제52권1호
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• pp.109-114
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• 2020

This work presents the results of laboratory scale tests of the CARBOFLUOREX (CARBOnate FLUORide EXtraction) process - a novel technology for the recovery of U and Pu from the solid fluorides residue (fluorination ash) of Fluoride Volatility Method (FVM) reprocessing of spent nuclear fuel (SNF). To study the oxidative leaching of U from the fluorination ash (FA) by Na₂CO₃ or Na₂CO₃-H₂O₂ solutions followed by solvent extraction by methyltrioctylammonium carbonate in toluene and purification of U from the fission products (FPs) impurities we used a surrogate of FA consisting of UF₄ or UO₂F₂, and FPs fluorides with stable isotopes of Ce, Zr, Sr, Ba, Cs, Fe, Cr, Ni, La, Nd, Pr, Sm. Purification factors of U from impurities at the solvent extraction refining stage reached the values of 10⁴-10⁵, and up to 10⁶ upon the completion of the processing cycle. Obtained results showed a high efficiency of the CARBOFLUOREX process for recovery and separating of U from FPs contained in FA, which allows completing of the FVM cycle with recovery of U and Pu from hardly processed FA.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제21권10호
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• pp.953-954
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• 2000

The equilibrium geometrical structures of silver atom clusters at their electronic ground states have been theo-retically determined by using the nonrelativistic semiempirical INDO/1 method. The clusters investigated are Agn, Agn+, and Agn- (n = 7 , 8, 9). In order to find the most stable structure, i.e., the global minimum in energy hypersurface, geometry optimization and energy calculation processes have been repeatedly performed for all the possible graphical models by changing the bond parameters (resonance integral values). The heptamers are pentagonal bipyramidal-Ag7(D5h), Ag7+ (D5h), Ag7- (D5h); the octamers are pentagonal bipyramidal with one atom capped-Ag8(D2d), Ag8+ (Cs), Ag8- (D2d); the nonamers are pentagonal bipyramidal with two atoms capped -Ag9(C2v), Ag9+ (C2v), Ag9- (C2v). Our structures are in good agreement with those by ab initio calculations ex-cept for the anionic Ag9- cluster. And it is noted that the INDO/1 method can accurately predict the Ag cluster geometries when a proper set of bond parameters is used.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제34권1호
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• pp.80-89
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• 2002

A laboratory investigation of the behavior of radioactive metals under the various waste combustion atmospheres was conducted to predict the parameters that influence their partitioning behavior during waste incineration. Neodymium, samarium, cerium, gadolinium, cesium and cobalt were used as non-radioactive surrogate metals that are representative of uranium, plutonium, americium, curium, radioactive cesium, and radioactive cobalt, respectively. Except for cesium, all of the investigated surrogate metal compounds converted into each of their stable oxides at medium temperatures from 400 to 90$0^{\circ}C$, under oxygen- deficient and oxygen-sufficient atmospheres (0.001-atm and 0.21-atm $O_2$). At high temperatures above 1,40$0^{\circ}C$, cerium, neodymium and samarium in the form of their oxides started to vaporize but the vaporization rates were very slow up to 150$0^{\circ}C$ . Inorganic chlorine (NaCl) as well as organic chlorine (PVC) did not impact the volatility of investigated Nd$_2$O$_3$, CoO and Cs$_2$O. The results of laboratory investigations suggested that the combustion chamber operating parameters affecting the entrainment of particulate and filtration equipment operating parameters affecting particle collection efficiency be the governing parameters of alpha radionuclides partitioning during waste incineration.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• 제53권7호
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• pp.2261-2267
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• 2021

This paper evaluates the efficacy of magnesium potassium phosphate cements (MKPCs) as waste forms for the solidification of radioactive concrete powder wastes produced by the decommissioning of nuclear power plants. MKPC specimens that contained up to 50 wt% of simulated concrete powder wastes (SCPWs) were evaluated. We measured the porosity and compressive strength of the MKPC specimens, observing them using scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction. The addition of SCPWs reduced the porosity and increased the compressive strength of the MKPC specimens. Struvite-K crystals were well-synthesized, and no additional crystal phase was formed. After thermal cycling and after immersion, MKPC specimens with 50 wt% SCPWs satisfied the waste-acceptance criteria (WAC) for compressive strength. Semi-dynamic leaching tests were performed using the ANS 16.1 method; the leachability indices of Cs, Co, and Sr were 11.45, 17.63, and 15.66, respectively, which also satisfy the WAC. Thus, MKPCs can provide stable matrices to immobilize radioactive concrete wastes generated by the decommissioning of nuclear power plants.

• 한국진공학회지
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• 제6권S1호
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• pp.53-58
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• 1997

It is well known that the equiatomic FeAl alloy crystallizes in a paramagnetic CsCl structure and is very stable in a wide temperature range owing to a significant charge transfer from Al to Fe. A presence of structural defects normally enhances the magnetic and magneto-optical properties of this alloy. In this study spin-resolved photoemission and magnetic circular dichroism (MCD) were carried out on both ordered and disordered $Fe_{0.52}Al_{0.48}$ alloy films. The disordered state in the alloy films was obtained by a vapor quenching deposition on cooled substrates. It is shown that the order-disorder transition in the Fe0.52Al0.48 alloy films leads to a significant change in the spin polarization. Form the MCD results the orbital and spin magnetic moments of the constituent atoms are obtained. According to the sum rule the spin and orbital magnetic moments of Fe in the disordered FeAl film are $\mu\frac{SR}{spin}=0.8\mu_B$ and $\mu\frac{SR}{orb}=0.14\mu_B$ respectively. The spin magnetic moment is also evaluated to be $\mu\frac{BR}{spin}=0.77\mu_B$ by the branching ration method employing a photon polarization of 90%.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.151-159
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• 2015

본 연구에서는 기존 철근콘크리트 구조물 보-기둥 접합부의 내진성능의 개선을 위해 보-기둥 접합부 영역을 FRP보강재 (탄소섬유시트, 아라미드섬유시트, 매입형 CFRP Rod)를 사용하여 보강한 후 내진성능을 평가하였다. 총 7개의 실험체를 제작하고 실험을 수행하여 내진성능을 평가하였으며, 본 연구의 실험결과를 근거로 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 기존 철근콘크리트 보-기둥 접합부의 접합부 영역을 보강한 결과, 초기 재하시 접합부 영역의 균열억제 효과와 재하 전 과정을 통하여 보강재의 구속효과로 인하여 균열억제 효과가 커서 안정적인 파괴형태 및 내력향상 효과를 나타내었다. 매입형 CFRP Rod와 탄소섬유시트를 활용한 R/C 외부 보-기둥 접합부 실험체 LBCJ-CRUS는 표준실험체 LBCJ와 비교하여 변위연성 4, 7에서 각각 최대내력은 1.54배, 에너지소산능력은 2.36배 증가하였다. 그리고 실험체 LBCJ-CS, LBCJ-AF시리즈는 변위연성 7에서 표준실험체 LBCJ 보다 에너지소산능력이 각각 2.04~2.34, 1.63~3.02배 증가하였다.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.504-511
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• 2016

락툴로오스는 기존에 화학적인 이성화법을 통해 생산해왔던 기능성 당으로서 프로바이오틱스나 장내균총 개선을 위한 의약품으로 활용되어 왔다. 최근 락툴로오스 화학전환법의 단점인 촉매제거와 부산물제거 에너지손실등의 문제를 해결할 수 있는 생물촉매를 이용한 락툴로오스 전환법이 대두되었다. 본연구에서는 유당의 낮은 용해도와 락툴로오스의 효율적전환을 위해 최적의 효소를 선별하여 무작위 돌연변이법으로 유전자를 개량하여 열내성이 $75^{\circ}C$까지 증진되고 활성이 1.3배 향상된 효소를 선별하였다. 이 효소를 정제하여 사용하는 대신 본 연구에서는 과량 발현시킨 대장균을 Ca-alginate로 고정화하여 $70^{\circ}C$에서 200 g/l의 유당과 회분식으로 반응시켜 43%의 전환 수율을 확인하였다. 반복회분식 실험에서 고정화된 담체는 비교적 안정적이었으며 4회 반복반응 후에도 80% 이상의 활성을 유지하고 있었다. 산업적인 방법을 개발하기 위해 고정화 담체를 이용한 반응기의 운전 최적화와 담체의 안정화를 증진시키는 추가적인 연구가 필요하지만, 본 연구에서는 열내성 특성을 이용하여 정제된 효소가 아닌 효소를 발현하는 세포자체를 고정화 시킴으로써 경제성있는 생산에 대한 방법론을 제시하였다.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.155-160
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• 1999

환경 중에는 핵실험 및 원자력 발전소에서 방출되는 여러 가지 방사성 핵종들과 천연방사성 핵종들이 존재한다. 이 중에서 원자력발전소 운영과 관련하여, 환경 중의 인공방사성 핵종에 대한 관심이 높아지고 있다. 핵실험이나 원자력발전소와 관련된 인공방사선 핵종들은 주로 핵분열 생성물들로서, 그 수가 200여종에 이른다. 이 중에서도 $^{90}Sr$과 $^{137}Cs$은 선량특성상 특히 주목되어 왔다. 본 논문에서는 환경준위의 $^{90}Sr$ 정량 분석 방법에 대한 연구를 수행하였다. 환경 중의 $^{90}Sr$은 저준위이며, 특성 감마선과는 달리 연속 스팩트럼의 베타선원으로, $^{89}Sr$, $^{90}Y$ 및 다른 방사성 핵종들과 혼합되어 있기 때문에 정량적인 분석이 매우 어렵다. 저준위 방사성 스트론튬 분석을 위해서는 농축 과정 및 분석에 영향을 주는 타 방사성 핵종과의 화학적 분리과정이 필요하다. 그 동안 국내 여러 기관에서 공통적으로 스트론튬 회수율 산정을 위해 중량법을 사용하였고, 화학분리절차도 중량법을 사용하기에 적합하도록 개발하여 사용하였다. 최근 분석기기의 발달로 인해서, ppm 이나 ppb 단위의 안정원소 분석을 쉽게 할 수 있다는 점에 근거하여, 원자분광분석기기(ICP : Inductively Coupled atomic Plasma emission spectrophotometer)를 사용한 회수율 산정 및 그에 적합한 절차를 개발하였다. 개발된 절차는 기존의 중량법에 비해서 화학적 처리절차가 훨씬 간편하면서도 정확도가 높아서, 환경방사성 스트론튬의 정량분석에 적절히 사용될 수 있다.